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Pan C, Kakeya H. Recent progress in chemistry and bioactivity of novel enzyme inhibitors from natural products: A comprehensive review. Eur J Med Chem 2025; 289:117481. [PMID: 40073533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2025.117481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2025] [Revised: 03/03/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
The essence of enzymes is to maintain the normal activities of living organisms by catalyzing metabolic reactions and regulating cells. Inhibiting enzyme activity can slow the progression of certain diseases and cure them, making enzymes one of the major targets for disease treatment. The search and development of novel enzyme inhibitors are of great significance for the treatment of certain major diseases. One of the most prominent features of natural products is their complex and diverse structures, which often compliments the synthetic capabilities of medicinal chemistry. Considering the biosynthetic processes of natural molecules in organisms, they exhibit higher similarity and binding potential with biological structures, enabling them to serve as ligands for various enzymes and receptors. In this review, we summarized a total of 226 novel natural products with enzyme inhibitory activity published in 49 articles over the past three years (2022-2024). These natural products (including terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, polyketides, peptides, anthraquinones, etc.) are derived from plants, microorganisms, and marine organisms. We also discuss some synthetic analogs, with a focus on their structures and biological activities. This review provides useful information for the research and development of novel enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Song C, Zhao ZY, Zang Y, Li J, Choo YM, Wang H, Mei G, Xiong J, Hu JF. Diterpene-phenylpropanoid hybrids and structurally diverse diterpenoid monomers from the endangered conifer Podocarpus annamiensis and their bioactivities. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2025; 237:114533. [PMID: 40324737 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2025.114533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2025] [Revised: 04/30/2025] [Accepted: 05/02/2025] [Indexed: 05/07/2025]
Abstract
In this phytochemical investigation, a total of 16 previously undescribed and 27 known diterpene-related compounds were isolated from the endangered Chinese endemic conifer Podocarpus annamiensis. Podoannamiacids A (1) and B (2) represent the first examples of a new chemical class of diterpene-phenylpropanoid hybrids characterized by a unique 7'-phenyl-7',8'-dihydrobenzofuran unit. This structure is hypothesized to be biogenetically derived through the formation of newly generated C-12-C-8' and C-13-O-C-7' bonds via a free radical coupling reaction between a totarane unit and a phenylpropanoid moiety. The remaining previously undescribed compounds are structurally diverse diterpenoid monomers, including totarane-type compounds 3-9. Notably, annamiacids C (3) and D (4) feature a rare dihydro-pyrane fragment, while annamiacids E (5) and F (6) contain a dihydro-furan and a β,γ-unsaturated-γ-lactone motif, respectively. Compounds 10-14 are classified as abietane-type diterpenes, whereas compounds 15 and 16 are categorized as sempervirane-type and podocarpane-type diterpenes, respectively. Their chemical structures were elucidated using spectroscopic data analysis, GIAO NMR calculations combined with DP4+ probability analyses, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Liquiditerpenoic acid A (30) exhibited inhibitory activity against ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) with an IC50 value of 5.0 μM. Similarly, 18-hydroxysempervirol (40) inhibited acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) with an IC50 value of 14.41 μM. Additionally, rakanmakilactone I (43) demonstrated anti-neuroinflammatory effects in BV-2 cells, reducing NO release by 21.4 % at a concentration of 20 μM. The above findings, along with previously reported totarane-O-abietane (44) and abietane-O-abietane dissymmetric bis-diterpenes (45), further expand the understanding of the structural diversity and medicinal potential of this endangered conifer, offering a promising strategy for its sustainable utilization and conversation. This approach not only positions the species as a potential source for treating metabolic diseases but also encourages the further protection of these fragile plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Song
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Key Laboratory of Endangered Plants Sustainable Utilization of Taizhou, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Key Laboratory of Endangered Plants Sustainable Utilization of Taizhou, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haibo Wang
- Zhejiang Hongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linhai, 317016, PR China
| | - Guangyao Mei
- Zhejiang Hongyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Linhai, 317016, PR China.
| | - Juan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Key Laboratory of Endangered Plants Sustainable Utilization of Taizhou, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taizhou University, Zhejiang, 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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Zhu JW, Xu JB, Shao ZY. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of the genus Pseudotsuga. Fitoterapia 2025; 183:106528. [PMID: 40204046 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2025] [Revised: 03/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
Pseudotsuga is a crucial genus of timber trees in the Pinaceae family, comprising approximately 18 species that are predominantly found in western North America and East Asia. Over the past several decades, scholarly attention has primarily focused on the phytochemical study of Pseudotsuga menziesii, revealing a diverse range of compounds, including monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and flavonoids. Notably, recent advancements have also identified rare triterpene-monoterpene and triterpene-diterpene adducts, as well as triterpenoid dimers, from the Pseudotsuga genus. In this review, we comprehensively cover studies on Pseudotsuga species, comprising isolated compounds and their potential biological activities. The present review demonstrates that Pseudotsuga species exhibit a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities, largely attributed to the activities of terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolics. These discoveries not only enrich our understanding of the chemical diversity of the Pseudotsuga genus but also highlight its potential in pharmaceutical and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jin-Biao Xu
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Lanxi 321004, China; Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
| | - Zhe-Yun Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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Zhou PJ, Wu XY, Zhao ZY, Zang Y, Sun ZS, Li YL, Li N, Xiong J, Choo YM, Jin ZX, Li J, Hu JF. Benzofurans and dibenzofurans from galls on twigs of the endangered Chinese endemic tree Parrotia subaequalis and their inhibitory properties against Staphylococcus aureus and ATP-citrate lyase. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2025; 229:114309. [PMID: 39427693 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 10/15/2024] [Accepted: 10/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024]
Abstract
Parrotia subaequalis, an endangered Tertiary relict tree native to China and a member of the Hamamelidaceae family, is one of several host plant species in this family that exhibit unique ecological habits, such as gall formation. Tree galls are the results of complex interactions between gall-inducing insects and their host plant organs. The formation of galls may serve to protect other regions of the plant from potential damage, often through the production of phytoalexins. In this study, a preliminary investigation was carried out on the metabolites of the 90% MeOH extract derived from the closed spherical galls on the twigs of P. subaequalis. Consequently, nine previously undescribed benzofuran-type and dibenzofuran-type phytoalexins (parrotiagallols A-I, 1-9, respectively) were isolated and characterized, along with several known miscellaneous metabolites (10-17). Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated using spectroscopic methods, a combination of calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism data, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Among these compounds, 1 and 2 are identified as neolignan derivatives, while compounds 3-5 are classified as 9,10-dinorneolignans. Compound 6 represents a rare 2,3-seco-neolignan, and compounds 7-9 are dihydroxy-dimethyl-dibenzofuran derivatives. Parrotiagallol A (1) showed considerable antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with an MIC value of 14 μM. Additionally, parrotiagallol E (5) and methyl gallate (17) exhibited inhibitory effects against ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), a potential therapeutic target for hyperlipidemia, with IC50 values of 5.1 and 9.8 μM, respectively. The findings underscore that galls not only serve as physical defense barriers but also benefit from the chemical defense system of the host plants. These insights provide avenues for exploring potential new therapeutic agents for S. aureus infections and ACL-related diseases, while also promoting scientific conservation strategies for P. subaequalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Jun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Xi-Ying Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Zhong-Shuai Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ze-Xin Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, PR China.
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Zhou PJ, Zhao ZY, Zhu JX, Zang Y, Benjamin MM, Xiong J, Li J, Hu JF. Phytochemical and biological studies on rare and endangered plants endemic to China. Part XXXVI. Tsugaforrestiacids A-O: Structurally diverse C-18 carboxylated diterpenoids from the twigs and needles of the 'vulnerable' conifer Tsuga forrestii and their inhibitory effects on ATP-citrate lyase. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 226:114221. [PMID: 39002688 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
An extensive phytochemical investigation on the EtOAc-soluble fraction of the 90% MeOH extract from the twigs and needles of the 'vulnerable' Chinese endemic conifer Tsuga forrestii (Forrest's hemlock) led to the isolation and characterization of 50 structurally diverse diterpenoids, including 15 unreported C-18 carboxylated ones (tsugaforrestiacids A-O, 1-15, resp.). Among them, compounds 1-7 are abieten-18-oic acids, compound 8 is an abieten-18-succinate, and compounds 10-12 are podocarpen-18-oic acids, whereas compounds 13-15 are pimarane-type, isopimarane-type, and totarane-type diterpenoid acids, respectively. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by a combination of spectroscopic methods, GIAO NMR calculations and DP4+ probability analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), a key enzyme in cellular metabolism. Tsugaforrestiacids E (5) and H (8) were found to have significant inhibitory effects against ACL, with IC50 values of 5.3 and 6.2 μM, respectively. The interactions of the bioactive molecules with the ACL enzyme were examined by molecular docking studies. The isolated diterpenoids also provide chemotaxonomic evidence to support the delimitation of Tsuga from its closest sister group (Nothotsuga). The above findings highlight the importance of protecting plant species with unique and diverse secondary metabolites, which may be potential sources of new therapeutic agents for the treating ACL-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Jun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Menny M Benjamin
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, PR China; Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA.
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Wu YF, Zhao ZY, Yang MJ, He YH, Zang Y, Li J, Hu JF, Xiong J. Pentacyclic triterpenoids as potential ACL inhibitors from the rare medicinal plant Semiliquidambar cathayensis. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106018. [PMID: 38744385 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
An extensive phytochemical investigation on the rare medicinal plant Semiliquidambar cathayensis (family: Hamamelidaceae) led to the isolation of four new (1-4, named semiliquidacids A-D, respectively) and 25 related known pentacyclic triterpenoids. The new structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 represents the first naturally occurring ursane-type triterpenoid featuring an uncommon C-25 formyl group. Compound 4 and oleanolic acid (13) exhibited remarkable inhibitory effects against the ATP-citrate lyase (ACL, an emerging drug target for hyperlipidemia and related metabolic disorders) with IC50 values of 6.5 and 11.9 μM, respectively. The molecular interaction and binding mode between the bioactive triterpenoids and ACL were elaborated by conducting a molecular docking study. Meanwhile, the chemotaxonomic significance of the isolated triterpenoids has been briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fei Wu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China
| | - Min-Jie Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, PR China
| | - Yu-Hang He
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China.
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Zhou PJ, Huang T, Ma GL, Zhao ZY, Jiang ZL, Zang Y, Xiong J, Li J, Hu JF. Structurally diverse terpenoids and their DRAK2 inhibitory activities: A follow-up study on the vulnerable conifer Pseudotsuga forrestii. J Mol Struct 2024; 1305:137754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.137754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
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Wu XY, Zhao ZY, Osman EEA, Wang XJ, Choo YM, Benjamin MM, Xiong J, Hamann MT, Luo C, Hu JF. Platanosides from Platanus × acerifolia: New molecules, SAR, and target validation of a strong lead for drug-resistant bacterial infections and the associated sepsis. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107103. [PMID: 38211549 PMCID: PMC11238254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Three undescribed (1-3) and nine known (4-12) platanosides were isolated and characterized from a bioactive extract of the May leaves of Platanus × acerifolia that initially showed inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus. Targeted compound mining was guided by an LC-MS/MS-based molecular ion networking (MoIN) strategy combined with conventional isolation procedures from a unique geographic location. The novel structures were mainly determined by 2D NMR and computational (NMR/ECD calculations) methods. Compound 1 is a rare acylated kaempferol rhamnoside possessing a truxinate unit. 6 (Z,E-platanoside) and 7 (E,E-platanoside) were confirmed to have remarkable inhibitory effects against both methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MIC: ≤ 16 μg/mL) and glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus faecium (MIC: ≤ 1 μg/mL). These platanosides were subjected to docking analyses against FabI (enoyl-ACP reductase) and PBP1/2 (penicillin binding protein), both of which are pivotal enzymes governing bacterial growth but not found in the human host. The results showed that 6 and 7 displayed superior binding affinities towards FabI and PBP2. Moreover, surface plasmon resonance studies on the interaction of 1/7 and FabI revealed that 7 has a higher affinity (KD = 1.72 μM), which further supports the above in vitro data and is thus expected to be a novel anti-antibacterial drug lead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ying Wu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, PR China
| | - Ze-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ezzat E A Osman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile St., Giza 12411, Egypt
| | - Xiao-Juan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, PR China; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA
| | - Yeun-Mun Choo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
| | - Menny M Benjamin
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA
| | - Juan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Mark T Hamann
- Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA.
| | - Cheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 318000, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425-5700, USA.
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Zhao ZY, Tong YP, Jiang W, Zang Y, Xiong J, Li J, Hu JF. Structurally Diverse Triterpene-26-oic Acids as Potential Dual ACL and ACC1 Inhibitors from the Vulnerable Conifer Keteleeria fortunei. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:1487-1499. [PMID: 37291059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A preliminary phytochemical investigation on the 90% MeOH extract from the twigs and needles of the vulnerable conifer Keteleeria fortunei led to the isolation and characterization of 17 structurally diverse triterpen-26-oic acids, including nine previously undescribed ones (fortunefuroic acids A-I, 1-9) featuring a rare furoic acid moiety in the lateral chain. Among them, 1-5 are uncommon 9βH-lanostane-type triterpenoic acids. Friedo-rearranged triterpenoids 6 and 7 feature a unique 17,14-friedo-lanostane skeleton, whereas 9 possesses a rare 17,13-friedo-cycloartane-type framework. Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic (e.g., detailed 2D NMR) and computational (NMR/ECD) calculations and the modified Mosher's method. In addition, the absolute structure of compound 1 was ascertained by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Fortunefuroic acids B (2), G (7), and I (9), along with isomangiferolic acid (12) and 3α,27-dihydroxycycloart-24E-en-26-oic acid (14), exhibited dual inhibitory effects against the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-citrate lyase (ACL, IC50s: 5.7-11.4 μM) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1, IC50s: 7.5-10.5 μM), both of which are key enzymes for glycolipid metabolism. The interactions of the bioactive triterpenoids with both enzymes were examined by molecular docking studies. The above findings reveal the important role of protecting plant species diversity in support of chemical diversity and potential sources of new therapeutics for ACL-/ACC1-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Zhao
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Peng Tong
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Hubei 430023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Xiong
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Feng Hu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, People's Republic of China
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