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Kourgiantaki M, Demertzidou VP, Zografos AL. Short Scalable Route to Apiaceae Sesquiterpene Scaffolds: Total Synthesis of 4- epi-Epiguaidiol A. Org Lett 2022; 24:8476-8480. [PMID: 36264031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The oxy-Cope/ene reaction cascade to form a locked elemane conformer allows the short scalable synthesis of versatile Apiaceae scaffolds. The divergent fate of the obtained macrocyclic germacrane is surveyed under cationic and dioxygen-induced Prins-type reaction conditions to allow the diastereoselective synthesis of oxidized Apiaceae guaiane congeners and the total synthesis of 4-epi-epiguaidiol A. Additionally, the unprecedented reduction of a hydrogen-bond-biased guaiane substrate permits the chemoselective synthesis of desoxo-jungiaguaiane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kourgiantaki
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Vera P Demertzidou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Alexandros L Zografos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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2
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To TA, Mai BK, Nguyen TV. Toward Homogeneous Brønsted-Acid-Catalyzed Intramolecular Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis Reactions. Org Lett 2022; 24:7237-7241. [PMID: 36166378 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The carbonyl-olefin metathesis (COM) reaction is an attractive approach for the formation of a new carbon-carbon double bond from a carbonyl precursor. In principle, this reaction can be promoted by the activation of the carbonyl group with a Brønsted acid catalyst; however, it is often complicated as a result of unwanted side reactions under acidic conditions. Thus, there have been only a very few examples of Brønsted-acid-catalyzed COM reactions, all of which required specially designed setups. Herein, we report a new practical homogeneous Brønsted-acid-catalyzed protocol using nitromethane, a readily available solvent, to promote intramolecular ring-closing COM reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Anh To
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Binh Khanh Mai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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3
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Anh To T, Pei C, Koenigs RM, Vinh Nguyen T. Hydrogen Bonding Networks Enable Brønsted Acid-Catalyzed Carbonyl-Olefin Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117366. [PMID: 34985790 PMCID: PMC9303705 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chemists have learned to mimic nature in using hydrogen bonds and other weak interactions to dictate the spatial arrangement of reaction substrates and to stabilize transition states to enable highly efficient and selective reactions. The activation of a catalyst molecule itself by hydrogen‐bonding networks, in order to enhance its catalytic activity to achieve a desired reaction outcome, is less explored in organic synthesis, despite being a commonly found phenomenon in nature. Herein, we show our investigation into this underexplored area by studying the promotion of carbonyl‐olefin metathesis reactions by hydrogen‐bonding‐assisted Brønsted acid catalysis, using hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) solvent in combination with para‐toluenesulfonic acid (pTSA). Our experimental and computational mechanistic studies reveal not only an interesting role of HFIP solvent in assisting pTSA Brønsted acid catalyst, but also insightful knowledge about the current limitations of the carbonyl‐olefin metathesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Anh To
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney Anzac Parade, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chao Pei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rene M Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney Anzac Parade, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
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4
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Anh To T, Pei C, Koenigs RM, Vinh Nguyen T. Hydrogen Bonding Networks Enable Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Carbonyl‐Olefin Metathesis**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tuong Anh To
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales, Sydney Anzac Parade Kensington NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Chao Pei
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Rene M. Koenigs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Thanh Vinh Nguyen
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales, Sydney Anzac Parade Kensington NSW 2052 Australia
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5
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Steiner M, Reiher M. Autonomous Reaction Network Exploration in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. Top Catal 2022; 65:6-39. [PMID: 35185305 PMCID: PMC8816766 DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01543-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous computations that rely on automated reaction network elucidation algorithms may pave the way to make computational catalysis on a par with experimental research in the field. Several advantages of this approach are key to catalysis: (i) automation allows one to consider orders of magnitude more structures in a systematic and open-ended fashion than what would be accessible by manual inspection. Eventually, full resolution in terms of structural varieties and conformations as well as with respect to the type and number of potentially important elementary reaction steps (including decomposition reactions that determine turnover numbers) may be achieved. (ii) Fast electronic structure methods with uncertainty quantification warrant high efficiency and reliability in order to not only deliver results quickly, but also to allow for predictive work. (iii) A high degree of autonomy reduces the amount of manual human work, processing errors, and human bias. Although being inherently unbiased, it is still steerable with respect to specific regions of an emerging network and with respect to the addition of new reactant species. This allows for a high fidelity of the formalization of some catalytic process and for surprising in silico discoveries. In this work, we first review the state of the art in computational catalysis to embed autonomous explorations into the general field from which it draws its ingredients. We then elaborate on the specific conceptual issues that arise in the context of autonomous computational procedures, some of which we discuss at an example catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Steiner
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
![]()
Despite their significant
potential, catalytic asymmetric reactions
of olefins with formaldehyde are rare and metal-free approaches have
not been previously disclosed. Here we describe an enantioselective
intermolecular Prins reaction of styrenes and paraformaldehyde to
form 1,3-dioxanes, using confined imino-imidodiphosphate (iIDP) Brønsted acid catalysts. Isotope labeling experiments
and computations suggest a concerted, highly asynchronous addition
of an acid-activated formaldehyde oligomer to the olefin. The enantioenriched
1,3-dioxanes can be transformed into the corresponding optically active
1,3-diols, which are valuable synthetic building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- C David Díaz-Oviedo
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Rajat Maji
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Benjamin List
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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Zheng H, Wang K, De Angelis L, Arman HD, Doyle MP. Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Oxocarbenium-Olefin Metathesis/Rearrangements of 1 H-Isochromene Acetals with Vinyl Diazo Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15391-15399. [PMID: 34510888 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
An oxocarbenium-olefin cross metathesis occurs during Brønsted acid catalyzed reactions of 1H-isochromene acetals with vinyl diazo compounds. Formally a carbonyl-alkene [2 + 2]-cyclization between isobenzopyrylium ions and the vinyl group of vinyl diazoesters, the retro-[2 + 2] cycloaddition produces a tethered alkene and a vinyl diazonium ion that, upon loss of dinitrogen, undergoes a highly selective carbocationic cascade rearrangements to diverse products whose formation is controlled by reactant substituents. Polysubstituted benzobicyclo[3.3.1]oxocines, benzobicyclo[3.2.2]oxepines, benzobicyclopropane, and naphthalenes are obtained in good to excellent yields and selectivities. Furthermore, isotopic tracer and control experiments shed light on the oxocarbenium-olefin metathesis/rearrangement process as well as on the origin of the interesting substituent-dependent selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, United States
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Hor S, Oyama KI, Koga N, Tsukamoto M. Brønsted acid-catalyzed 1,4-addition of 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene to maleimides and acrylates. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Lee KR, Ahn S, Lee SG. Synergistic Pd(0)/Rh(II) Dual Catalytic [6 + 3] Dipolar Cycloaddition for the Synthesis of Monocyclic Nine-Membered N,O-Heterocycles and Their Alder-ene Rearrangement to Fused Bicyclic Compounds. Org Lett 2021; 23:3735-3740. [PMID: 33913334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic construction of a monocyclic medium-sized N,O-heterocyclic ring represents a formidable challenge in organic synthesis. Herein we report the synergistic palladium(0)/rhodium(II) dual catalytic cycloaddition of vinylpropylene carbonates with N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles to afford monocyclic nine-membered N,O-heterocycles. The catalytically generated 1,6-dipole-equivalent zwitterionic π-allyl palladium(II) complex and the 1,3-dipole-equivalent α-imino rhodium(II) carbenoid intermediate react with each other in a formal [6 + 3] dipolar cycloaddition to furnish nine-membered oxazonines, which can be transformed into cis-fused [4.3.0] bicyclic compounds via a transannular Alder-ene rearrangement. The tandem one-pot cycloaddition/Alder-ene rearrangement sequence is also possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Ree Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760 Seoul, Korea
| | - Subin Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760 Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Gi Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, 03760 Seoul, Korea
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