Diversity in Heterocycle Synthesis Using α-Iminocarboxylic Acids: Decarboxylation Dichotomy

Recent developments of benzimidazole based analogs as potential tubulin polymerization inhibitors: A critical review

Microtubules, as dynamic regulators in many cellular processes, remain pivotal targets in cancer chemotherapy. Among the structural motifs explored, the benzimidazole scaffold has emerged as a privileged heterocyclic ring system in the development of potent therapeutic agents, owing to its versatility and pharmacological relevance. This review critically examines the synthesis, anticancer activity, structure-activity relationships (SAR), and tubulin polymerization inhibitory properties of diverse benzimidazole derivatives. In addition, various synthetic strategies and innovative approaches for generating benzimidazole based analogs with enhanced cytotoxic profiles are highlighted. Recent findings underscore the potential of benzimidazole derivatives as promising tubulin polymerization inhibitors, contributing significantly to the discovery of next-generation anticancer agents.

Synthesis of quinazoline by decarboxylation of 2-aminobenzylamine and α-keto acid under visible light catalysis

Quinazoline compounds demonstrate a variety of physiological and pharmacological activities. However, the most common syntheses require large quantities of oxidants, high temperature, and other extreme conditions. In this study, quinazoline compounds were synthesized from the condensation of α-keto acid and 2-aminobenzylamine and then decarboxylation under blue LED irradiation at room temperature without transition metal catalysts or additives. Therefore, we demonstrated that by using α-keto acid as the acyl source, decarboxylation can be realized under blue LED without oxidants, in a simple, mild, and environmentally friendly process.