Copper-Catalyzed Radical Hydrazono-Phosphorylation of Alkenes

Water-Controlled Geminal Hydroxyphosphinoylation and Diphosphinoylation of Enaminones with H-Phosphine Oxides

A water-controlled geminal phosphinoylation of enaminones with H-phosphine oxides has been established through AlCl3-mediated C-N bond cleavage in this work, which provides a novel strategy for accessing various hydroxy and diphosphinoyl products 3a and 4a in high yields. The transformation features excellent functional group tolerance, operational simplicity, and high atom economy, and is amenable for phosphinoylation of complex molecule skeletons. Preliminary mechanism studies suggest the conversion from 3a to 4a involve the elimination of hydroxyl group, and water and temperature plays a critical role in influencing the reaction pathway and product selectivity. This research provides significant value to the geminal functionalization of enaminones.

Copper-Catalyzed Selective Three-Component 1,2-Phosphonoazidation of 1,3-Dienes

We report a copper-catalyzed selective 1,2-phosphonoazidation of conjugated dienes. This three-component reaction is achieved by using readily available P(O)-H compounds and bench-stable NaN3. Salient features of this strategy include its mild reaction conditions, broad functional group tolerance, and high chemoselectivity and regioselectivity. Moreover, the compatibility with the late-stage functionalization of drug molecules, the potential for scalable production, and the feasibility of further modifications of the products underscore the practical utility of this protocol in synthetic applications.

Organocatalytic Diastereoselective (4 + 1) Cycloaddition of o-Hydroxyphenyl-Substituted Secondary Phosphine Oxides

The first organocatalytic diastereoselective (4 + 1) cycloaddition of o-hydroxyphenyl-substituted secondary phosphine oxides (SPOs) has been established, which makes use of o-hydroxyphenyl substituted SPOs as suitable four-atom phosphorus-containing 1,4-dinucleophiles and 3-indolylformaldehydes as competent 1,1-dielectrophiles under Bro̷nsted acid catalysis. The reaction mechanism was suggested to involve the formation of 3-indolylmethanol intermediates and vinyliminium intermediates, which played an important role in controlling the reactivity and diastereoselectivity of the (4 + 1) cycloaddition under Bro̷nsted acid catalysis. By this approach, a series of benzo oxaphospholes bearing P- and C-stereocenters were synthesized in moderate to good yields (50%-95% yields) with excellent diastereoselectivities (all >95:5 dr). This reaction not only represents the first organocatalytic diastereoselective (4 + 1) cycloaddition of o-hydroxyphenyl-substituted SPOs but also provides an efficient and diastereoselective method for the construction of phosphorus-containing benzo five-membered heterocyclic skeletons bearing both P-stereocenter and C-stereocenter.

Modular Synthesis of Phosphino Hydrazones and Their Use as Ligands in a Palladium-Catalysed Cu-Free Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reaction

Phosphino hydrazones represent a versatile class of nitrogen-containing phosphine ligands. Herein, we report a modular synthesis of phosphino hydrazone ligands by hydrazone condensation reaction of three different aryl hydrazines with 3-(diphenylphosphino)propanal (PCHO). Complexation reactions of these phosphino hydrazone ligands with palladium(II) and platinum(II) were investigated and the catalytic activity of the palladium(II) complexes was explored in a Cu-free Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction achieving yields up to 96 %. Additionally it was shown that the catalytically active species is homogeneous.

Michael addition of P-nucleophiles to azoalkenes provides simple access to phosphine oxides bearing an alkylhydrazone moiety

β-Hydrazonophosphine oxides are precursors of useful organophosphorus compounds, including phosphorylated N-heterocycles, α-aminophosphonates, and vinylphosphonates. In this work, a general transition metal-free synthesis of β-hydrazonophosphine oxides was developed. The method relies on the Michael addition of phosphine oxides R₂P(O)H to reactive azoalkenes (1,2-diaza-1,3-butadienes), which are generated in situ from α-halohydrazones and Hunig's base. The reaction stereoselectively leads to Z-isomers of β-hydrazonophosphine oxides that are stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The conversion of the products thus obtained into potential chelating ligands was showcased.