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D'Errico S, Greco F, Patrizia Falanga A, Tedeschi V, Piccialli I, Marzano M, Terracciano M, Secondo A, Roviello GN, Oliviero G, Borbone N. Probing the Ca 2+ mobilizing properties on primary cortical neurons of a new stable cADPR mimic. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105401. [PMID: 34662754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine diphosphate ribose (cADPR) is a second messenger involved in the Ca2+ homeostasis. Its chemical instability prompted researchers to tune point by point its structure, obtaining stable analogues featuring interesting biological properties. One of the most challenging derivatives is the cyclic inosine diphosphate ribose (cIDPR), in which the hypoxanthine isosterically replaces the adenine. As our research focuses on the synthesis of N1 substituted inosines, in the last few years we have produced new flexible cIDPR analogues, where the northern ribose has been replaced by alkyl chains. Interestingly, some of them mobilized Ca2+ ions in PC12 cells. To extend our SAR studies, herein we report on the synthesis of a new stable cIDPR derivative which contains the 2″S,3″R dihydroxypentyl chain instead of the northern ribose. Interestingly, the new cyclic derivative and its open precursor induced an increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) with the same efficacy of the endogenous cADPR in rat primary cortical neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano D'Errico
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Greco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Patrizia Falanga
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Valentina Tedeschi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piccialli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Marzano
- Istituto di Cristallografia (IC) CNR, Via Amendola 122/O-70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Monica Terracciano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche, Divisione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Oliviero
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, via Sergio Pansini, 5-80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Nicola Borbone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Domenico Montesano, 49-80131 Napoli, Italy
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Sarkar S, Chandra S, Suryaprasad B, Ramanathan N, Sundararajan K, Suresh A. Conformational topography of tris(2-methylbutyl) phosphate and the influence of methyl branching at the non-hyperconjugative carbon on the conformational landscape: insights from matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy and DFT computations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24372-24392. [PMID: 33084659 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03403g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The branching of a methyl group in a linear chain has a profound influence on the conformational morphology as it wields a strong control in reducing a large number of conformations. To unravel the effect of branching on the second non-hyperconjugative carbon atom on the conformational landscape, the conformations of tris(2-methylbutyl)phosphate (T2MBP) were studied using Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations and matrix isolation infrared spectroscopy. Experimentally, T2MBP along with N2/Ar/Kr/Xe gases was effusively expanded and deposited at a low temperature of 12 K, which was subsequently probed using infrared spectroscopy. The computations of all the conformations were accomplished using the B3LYP level of theory with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. A dimethyl(2-methylbutyl) phosphate (DM2MBP) prototype, a molecule containing a single 2-methylbutyl moiety, was examined for its conformations. Computations predicted 18 and 9 conformations each for the 'gauche' and 'trans' families, respectively, in which the third branched carbon completely influences the orientation of the fourth carbon, which simplifies the conformational problem of DM2MBP. Of the 18 and 9 bunches each in the 'gauche' and 'trans' families, only 7 and 3 conformations, respectively, became energetically important, which when extrapolated to T2MBP resulted in 343 and 147 conformational possibilities. The factor of degeneracy further reduced these numbers and a total of 168 conformations effectively contribute to the conformational composition of T2MBP in the gas phase. The role of stereo electronic and steric factors prevalent in the conformational clusters of T2MBP was unravelled respectively using natural bond orbital and non-covalent interaction analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramee Sarkar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Materials Chemistry and Metal Fuel Cycle Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Watt JM, Thomas MP, Potter BVL. Synthetic cADPR analogues may form only one of two possible conformational diastereoisomers. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15268. [PMID: 30323284 PMCID: PMC6189198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic adenosine 5′-diphosphate ribose (cADPR) is an emerging Ca2+-mobilising second messenger. cADPR analogues have been generated as chemical biology tools via both chemo-enzymatic and total synthetic routes. Both routes rely on the cyclisation of a linear precursor to close an 18-membered macrocyclic ring. We show here that, after cyclisation, there are two possible macrocyclic product conformers that may be formed, depending on whether cyclisation occurs to the “right” or the “left” of the adenine base (as viewed along the H-8 → C-8 base axis). Molecular modelling demonstrates that these two conformers are distinct and cannot interconvert. The two conformers would present a different spatial layout of binding partners to the cADPR receptor/binding site. For chemo-enzymatically generated analogues Aplysia californica ADP-ribosyl cyclase acts as a template to generate solely the “right-handed” conformer and this corresponds to that of the natural messenger, as originally explored using crystallography. However, for a total synthetic analogue it is theoretically possible to generate either product, or a mixture, from a given linear precursor. Cyclisation on either face of the adenine base is broadly illustrated by the first chemical synthesis of the two enantiomers of a “southern” ribose-simplified cIDPR analogue 8-Br-N9-butyl-cIDPR, a cADPR analogue containing only one chiral sugar in the “northern” ribose, i.e. 8-Br-D- and its mirror image 8-Br-L-N9-butyl-cIDPR. By replacing the D-ribose with the unnatural L-ribose sugar, cyclisation of the linear precursor with pyrophosphate closure generates a cyclised product spectroscopically identical, but displaying equal and opposite specific rotation. These findings have implications for cADPR analogue design, synthesis and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Watt
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.,Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Mark P Thomas
- Wolfson Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Barry V L Potter
- Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
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