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Reinertsen AF, Primdahl KG, Shay AE, Serhan CN, Hansen TV, Aursnes M. Stereoselective Synthesis and Structural Confirmation of the Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediator Resolvin E4. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3535-3545. [PMID: 33534565 PMCID: PMC7901022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
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Herein, we report the stereoselective
and convergent synthesis
of resolvin E4, a newly identified specialized pro-resolving mediator.
This synthesis proves the absolute configuration and exact olefin
geometry. Key elements of the successful strategy include a highly
stereoselective MacMillan organocatalytic oxyamination, a Midland
Alpine borane reduction, and the use of a 1,4-pentadiyne unit as a
linchpin building block. The application of reaction telescoping in
several of the synthetic transformations enabled the preparation of
the resolvin E4 methyl ester in 10% yield over 10 steps (longest linear
sequence). The physical property (UV–Vis and LC–MS/MS)
data of synthetic resolvin E4 matched those obtained from biologically
produced material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Føreid Reinertsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Karoline Gangestad Primdahl
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ashley Elizabeth Shay
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Charles Nicholas Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Hale Building for Transformative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marius Aursnes
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Berlinck RGS, Bernardi DI, Fill T, Fernandes AAG, Jurberg ID. The chemistry and biology of guanidine secondary metabolites. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 38:586-667. [PMID: 33021301 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2017-2019Guanidine natural products isolated from microorganisms, marine invertebrates and terrestrial plants, amphibians and spiders, represented by non-ribosomal peptides, guanidine-bearing polyketides, alkaloids, terpenoids and shikimic acid derived, are the subject of this review. The topics include the discovery of new metabolites, total synthesis of natural guanidine compounds, biological activity and mechanism-of-action, biosynthesis and ecological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Fernandes RA, Kumar P, Choudhary P. Advances in catalytic and protecting-group-free total synthesis of natural products: a recent update. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8569-8590. [PMID: 32537619 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic processes in protecting-group-free syntheses of natural products are fast emerging towards achieving the goal of efficiency and economy in total synthesis. Present day sustainable development in synthesis of natural products does not permit the luxury of using stoichiometric reagents and protecting groups. Catalysis and step-economy can contribute significantly toward economy and efficiency of synthesis. This feature article details the ingenious efforts by many researchers in the last couple of years toward concise total syntheses, based on catalytic steps and protecting-group-free-strategies. These would again serve as guidelines in future development of reagents and catalysts aimed at achieving higher efficiency and chemoselectivity to the point that catalysis and protecting-group-free synthesis will be an accepted common practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India.
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Lautié E, Russo O, Ducrot P, Boutin JA. Unraveling Plant Natural Chemical Diversity for Drug Discovery Purposes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:397. [PMID: 32317969 PMCID: PMC7154113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The screening and testing of extracts against a variety of pharmacological targets in order to benefit from the immense natural chemical diversity is a concern in many laboratories worldwide. And several successes have been recorded in finding new actives in natural products, some of which have become new drugs or new sources of inspiration for drugs. But in view of the vast amount of research on the subject, it is surprising that not more drug candidates were found. In our view, it is fundamental to reflect upon the approaches of such drug discovery programs and the technical processes that are used, along with their inherent difficulties and biases. Based on an extensive survey of recent publications, we discuss the origin and the variety of natural chemical diversity as well as the strategies to having the potential to embrace this diversity. It seemed to us that some of the difficulties of the area could be related with the technical approaches that are used, so the present review begins with synthetizing some of the more used discovery strategies, exemplifying some key points, in order to address some of their limitations. It appears that one of the challenges of natural product-based drug discovery programs should be an easier access to renewable sources of plant-derived products. Maximizing the use of the data together with the exploration of chemical diversity while working on reasonable supply of natural product-based entities could be a way to answer this challenge. We suggested alternative ways to access and explore part of this chemical diversity with in vitro cultures. We also reinforced how important it was organizing and making available this worldwide knowledge in an "inventory" of natural products and their sources. And finally, we focused on strategies based on synthetic biology and syntheses that allow reaching industrial scale supply. Approaches based on the opportunities lying in untapped natural plant chemical diversity are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Lautié
- Centro de Valorização de Compostos Bioativos da Amazônia (CVACBA)-Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil
| | - Olivier Russo
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
| | - Pierre Ducrot
- Molecular Modelling Department, 'PEX Biotechnologie, Chimie & Biologie, Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | - Jean A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales SERVIER, Suresnes, France
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Būda V, Blažytė-Čereškienė L, Radžiutė S, Apšegaitė V, Stamm P, Schulz S, Aleknavičius D, Mozūraitis R. Male-Produced (-)-δ-Heptalactone, Pheromone of Fruit Fly Rhagoletis batava (Diptera: Tephritidae), a Sea Buckthorn Berries Pest. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11020138. [PMID: 32102198 PMCID: PMC7074471 DOI: 10.3390/insects11020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The plantation area of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is expanding in many European countries due to increasing demand for berries, thus creating suitable conditions for the rapid expansion of the fruit fly Rhagoletis batava, a pest of economic importance. To decrease insecticide use, effective means for pest population monitoring are required, including the use of pheromones. Male fruit flies emit (-)-δ-heptalactone as revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of samples obtained using headspace methods. The two enantiomers of δ-heptalactone were synthesized using enantioselective synthesis. A gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection analysis of both stereoisomers revealed that only (-)-δ-heptalactone elicited electrophysiological responses, whereas no signal was registered to (+)-δ-heptalactone in fruit flies of either sex. In the field assay, traps baited with (-)-δ-heptalactone caught significantly more fruit flies compared with the unbaited traps. Our results are the first to demonstrate the efficacy of (-)-δ-heptalactone as a bait for trapping R. batava. As a behaviorally attractive compound to R. batava fruit flies of both sexes, (-)-δ-heptalactone is attributed to aggregation pheromones. This is the first report of an aggregation pheromone within the genus Rhagoletis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincas Būda
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
| | - Laima Blažytė-Čereškienė
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
| | - Sandra Radžiutė
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
| | - Violeta Apšegaitė
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
| | - Patrick Stamm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagering 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagering 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (P.S.)
| | - Dominykas Aleknavičius
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
| | - Raimondas Mozūraitis
- Laboratory of Chemical Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.B.); (L.B.-Č.); (S.R.); (V.A.); (D.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Rao Kovvuri VR, Xue H, Romo D. Generation and Reactivity of 2-Amido-1,3-diaminoallyl Cations: Cyclic Guanidine Annulations via Net (3 + 2) and (4 + 3) Cycloadditions. Org Lett 2020; 22:1407-1413. [PMID: 32009413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Toward a method for direct conversion of alkenes to cyclic guanidines, we report that 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of 2-amido-1,3-diamino allylic cations with alkenes provide a new method for direct cyclic guanidine annulation. Generated under oxidative conditions, the 2-amido-1,3-diaminoallyl cations react as 1,3-dipoles providing rapid access to 2-amino imidazolines through net (3 + 2) cycloadditions. The utility is demonstrated through a concise synthesis of the oroidin alkaloid, phakellin. The described 1,3-dipole also participates in net (4 + 3) cycloadditions with dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Raghavendra Rao Kovvuri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Haoran Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
| | - Daniel Romo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Baylor University , One Bear Place #97348 , Waco , Texas 76798 , United States
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