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Perez AR, Bornowski EC, Chen L, Wolfe JP. Synthesis of 2-Cyanomethyl Indane Derivatives via Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization Reactions of Alkyl Nitriles. Org Lett 2023; 25:2767-2770. [PMID: 37071777 PMCID: PMC10428494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of indanes bearing substituted cyanomethyl groups at C2 is achieved through Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions between 2-allylphenyl triflate derivatives and alkyl nitriles. Related partially saturated analogues were generated from analogous transformations of alkenyl triflates. The use of a preformed BrettPhosPd(allyl)(Cl) complex as a precatalyst was essential for the success of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma R. Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Evan C. Bornowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - John P. Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
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2
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Dong M, Qi L, Qian J, Yu S, Tong X. Pd(0)-Catalyzed Asymmetric 7- Endo Hydroacyloxylative Cyclization of 1,6-Enyne Enabled by an Anion Ligand-Directed Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:1973-1981. [PMID: 36638241 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite diversity in reaction mechanisms, the palladium-catalyzed cyclization of 1,6-enyne generally proceeds in a 5-exo manner. Herein, we report the development of a Pd(0)-catalyzed hydroacyloxylative cyclization of 1,6-enyne in either 7-endo-trig or 6-exo-trig fashion when paired with an appropriate dihaloacetic acid reactant, such as F2HCCO2H and Cl2HCCO2H. Using the combination of Pd2(dba)3 and a chiral phosphine ligand, the hydroacyloxylative cyclization of 1,6-enyne bearing a 1,1-disubstituted alkene moiety readily gives highly enantiopure seven-membered heterocycles while the reaction of those having a 1,2-disubstituted alkene affords six-membered rings with moderate enantioselectivity. Preliminary experimental studies suggest a reaction mechanism featuring an unusual E-to-Z vinyl-Pd(II) isomerization and alkene trans-oxypalladation, which is proven to be governed by the rationally selected carboxylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Linjun Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinlong Qian
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuling Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, Zhejiang, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road, Changzhou 213164, China
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3
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Bornowski EC, Shepich JH, Carpenter PM, White DR, Hatt JE, Wolfe JP. Regiodivergent Palladium-Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization Reactions for the Construction of Methylene Cyclobutanes and Methylene Cyclopentanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:8208-8212. [PMID: 36315977 PMCID: PMC9669241 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Regiodivergent palladium-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization reactions between diethyl malonate and 1,5-dienes bearing a triflate group at C2 are described. Use of tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite as a ligand leads to 4-exo-cyclization/functionalization to afford malonate-substituted methylene cyclobutanes. In contrast, the 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene ligand provides methylene cyclopentanes via 5-endo-cyclization/functionalization. The five-membered ring-forming reactions occur via anti-carbopalladation of the enolate nucleophile, whereas four-membered ring-forming reactions proceed through syn-4-exo-migratory insertion of the tethered alkene, followed by C(sp3)-C(sp3) bond-forming reductive elimination from an (alkyl)Pd(II)(malonate) complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C. Bornowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - James H. Shepich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Paige M. Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Derick R. White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Jessica E. Hatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - John P. Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
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4
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Greco R, Tiburcio-Fortes E, Fernandez A, Marini C, Vidal-Moya A, Oliver-Meseguer J, Armentano D, Pardo E, Ferrando-Soria J, Leyva-Pérez A. MOF-stabilized perfluorinated palladium cages catalyze the additive-free aerobic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols to acids. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103781. [PMID: 34929061 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Extremely high electrophilic metal complexes, composed by a metal cation and very electron poor σ-donor ancillary ligands, are expected to be privileged catalysts for oxidation reactions in organic chemistry. However, their low lifetime prevents any use in catalysis. Here we show the synthesis of fluorinated pyridine-Pd 2+ coordinate cages within the channels of an anionic tridimensional metal organic framework (MOF), and their use as efficient metal catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of aliphatic alcohols to carboxylic acids without any additive. Mechanistic studies strongly support that the MOF-stabilized coordination cage with perfluorinated ligands unleashes the full electrophilic potential of Pd 2+ to dehydrogenate primary alcohols, without any base, and also to activate O 2 for the radical oxidation to the aldehyde intermediate. This study opens the door to design catalytic perfluorinated complexes for challenging organic transformations, where an extremely high electrophilic metal site is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Greco
- CSIC: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, ITQ, SPAIN
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Leyva-Pérez
- CSIC, Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica, Avda. de los Naranjos S/N, 46022, Valencia, SPAIN
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5
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White DR, Bornowski EC, Wolfe JP. Pd-Catalyzed C-C, C-N, and C-O Bond-Forming Difunctionalization Reactions of Alkenes Bearing Tethered Aryl/Alkenyl Triflates. Isr J Chem 2021; 60:259-267. [PMID: 33664525 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201900108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years our group has described a new type of alkene difunctionalization reaction in which aryl or alkenyl triflates bearing tethered alkenes are coupled with various nucleophiles to afford carbocyclic products. The products are formed in moderate to good chemical yield, with generally high levels of stereoselectivity. Our progress to date in this area, which includes reactions of amine, alcohol, enolate, and indole nucleophiles, is described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick R White
- Derick R. White, Evan C. Bornowski, John P. Wolfe Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA
| | - Evan C Bornowski
- Derick R. White, Evan C. Bornowski, John P. Wolfe Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA
| | - John P Wolfe
- Derick R. White, Evan C. Bornowski, John P. Wolfe Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan 930 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1055, USA
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Li Y, Xiong W, Zhang Z, Xu T. Synthesis of Indolizine Derivatives Triggered by the Oxidative Addition of Aroyl Chloride to Pd(0) Complex. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6392-6399. [PMID: 32348132 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of indolizine derivatives from propargylic pyridines and aroyl chlorides was developed. The 5-endo-dig cyclization was initiated by the in situ formed acylpalladium species from the facile oxidative addition of aroyl chloride to Pd(0) complex. This transformation successfully occurred in the presence of an N-nucleophilic moiety and acid chlorides, a good electrophilic partner, affording highly functionalized indolizines in good-to-excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Tongyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, P. R. China
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Maust MC, Croft ZL, Sullivan MW, Dove RL, Hardy EE, Brenzovich W. Aromatic substituent effects in palladium-catalyzed intramolecular olefin oxyarylation reactions. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Gu L, Fang X, Weng Z, Lin J, He M, Ma W. PIDA‐Promoted Selective C
5
C−H Selenylations of Indolines
via
Weak Interactions. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linghui Gu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
| | - Xinyue Fang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
| | - Zhengyun Weng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
| | - Jiafu Lin
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
| | - Meicui He
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of AntibioticsChengdu University People's Republic of China Chengdu 610052
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9
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Bornowski EC, Hinds EM, White DR, Nakamura Y, Wolfe JP. Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization Reactions of Enolates for the Synthesis of Substituted Bicyclic Cyclopentanes. Org Process Res Dev 2019; 23:1610-1630. [PMID: 33597795 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed alkene difunctionalization reactions between alkenes bearing tethered aryl or alkenyl triflates and enolate nucleophiles are described. The transformations form two C-C bonds, a ring, and up to two stereocenters, while producing substituted cyclopentane derivatives that contain appended carbonyl functionality. Products are formed with up to >20:1 diastereoselectivity, and formation of sterically congested bonds between quaternary carbon atoms is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan C Bornowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Elsa M Hinds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Derick R White
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - Yusuke Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
| | - John P Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109-1055, United States
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10
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White DR, Hinds EM, Bornowski EC, Wolfe JP. Pd-Catalyzed Alkene Difunctionalization Reactions of Malonate Nucleophiles: Synthesis of Substituted Cyclopentanes via Alkene Aryl-Alkylation and Akenyl-Alkylation. Org Lett 2019; 21:3813-3816. [PMID: 31021646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The Pd-catalyzed coupling of malonate nucleophiles with alkenes bearing tethered aryl or alkenyl triflates is described. These alkene difunctionalization reactions afford malonate-substituted cyclopentanes that contain fused aryl or cycloalkenyl rings. The transformations generate a five-membered ring, two C-C bonds, and provide products bearing up to three stereocenters with good chemical yield and generally high diastereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick R White
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Elsa M Hinds
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Evan C Bornowski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - John P Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
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11
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Qiu Z, Sun R, Yang K, Teng D. Spiro Indane-Based Phosphine-Oxazolines as Highly Efficient P,N Ligands for Enantioselective Pd-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Indoles and Allylic Etherification. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24081575. [PMID: 31010104 PMCID: PMC6515030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of indane-based phosphine-oxazoline ligands with a spirocarbon stereogenic center were examined for palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of indoles. Under optimized conditions, high yields (up to 98%) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee) were obtained with a broad scope of indole derivatives. The ligand was determined to be the most efficient P,N-ligand for this reaction. Moreover, the ligand was also efficient for Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic etherification with hard aliphatic alcohols as nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxuan Qiu
- State Key laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Kun Yang
- State Key laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Dawei Teng
- State Key laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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