1
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Oloyede UN, Flowers RA. Coordination-induced bond weakening and small molecule activation by low-valent titanium complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2413-2441. [PMID: 38224159 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03454b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Bond activation of small molecules through coordination to low valent metal complexes in M⋯X-H type interactions (where X = O, N, B, Si, etc.) leads to the formation of unusually weak X-H bonds and provides a powerful approach for the synthesis of target compounds under very mild conditions. Coordination of small molecules like water, amides, silanes, boranes, and dinitrogen to Ti(III) or Ti(II) complexes results in the synergetic redistribution of electrons between the metal orbitals and the ligand orbitals which weakens and enables the facile cleavage of the X-H or N-N bonds of the ligands. This review presents an overview of coordination-induced bond activation of small molecules by low valent titanium complexes. In particular, the applications of low valent titanium-induced bond weakening in nitrogen fixation are presented. The review concludes with potential future directions for work in this area including low-valent Ti-based PCET systems, photocatalytic nitrogen reduction, and approaches to tailoring complexes for optimal bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert A Flowers
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.
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2
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Ríos P, Conejero S, Fernández I. Bonding Situation of σ-E-H Complexes in Transition Metal and Main Group Compounds. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201920. [PMID: 35900796 PMCID: PMC9804526 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ambiguous bonding situation of σ-E-H (E=Si, B) complexes in transition metal compounds has been rationalized by means of Density Functional Theory calculations. To this end, the combination of the Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) method and its Natural Orbital for Chemical Valance (NOCV) extension has been applied to representative complexes described in the literature where the possible η1 versus η2 coordination mode is not unambiguously defined. Our quantitative analyses, which complement previous data based on the application of the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) approach, indicate that there exists a continuum between genuine η1 and η2 modes depending mainly on the strength of the backdonation. Finally, we also applied this EDA-NOCV approach to related main-group species where the backdonation is minimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)Departamento de Química InorgánicaCentro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)CSIC and Universidad de SevillaAvda. Américo Vespucio 4941092SevillaSpain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)Departamento de Química InorgánicaCentro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)CSIC and Universidad de SevillaAvda. Américo Vespucio 4941092SevillaSpain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaCentro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de MadridCuidad Universitaria28040-MadridSpain
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3
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Helling C, Ganesamoorthy C, Wölper C, Schulz S. Geminal C-Cl and Si-Cl bond activation of chloromethanes and chlorosilanes by gallanediyl LGa. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2050-2058. [PMID: 35040458 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt04192d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The activation of relatively inert E-X σ-bonds by low-valent main group metal complexes is receiving increasing interest. We here confirm the promising potential of gallanediyl LGa (L = HC[C(Me)N(Dip)]2, Dip = 2,6-i-Pr2C6H3) to activate E-Cl (E = C, Si) σ-bonds of group 14 element compounds. Equimolar reactions of LGa with chloromethanes and chlorosilanes EHxCl4-x (E = C, x = 0-2; E = Si, x = 0, 1) occurred with E-Cl bond insertion and formation of gallylmethanes and -silanes L(Cl)GaEHxCl3-x (E = C, x = 2 (1), 1 (2), 0 (3); E = Si, x = 1 (4)). In contrast, consecutive insertion into a geminal E-Cl bond was observed with two equivalents of LGa, yielding digallyl complexes [L(Cl)Ga]2EHxCl2-x (E = C, x = 2 (5); E = Si, x = 1 (6), 0 (7)). Compounds 1-7 were characterized by heteronuclear NMR (1H, 13C, 29Si (4, 6)), IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, and their solid-state structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (sc-XRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Helling
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Chelladurai Ganesamoorthy
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Wölper
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5-7, S07 S03 C30, D-45117 Essen, Germany. .,Center for NanoIntegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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4
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N‐nacnac stabilized tetrylenes: access to silicon hydride systems
via
migration processes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Krivdin LB. Computational liquid-phase and solid-state 29Si NMR. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Dos Santos LH. Applications of charge-density analysis to the rational design of molecular materials: A mini review on how to engineer optical or magnetic crystals. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Hupf E, Malaspina LA, Holsten S, Kleemiss F, Edwards AJ, Price JR, Kozich V, Heyne K, Mebs S, Grabowsky S, Beckmann J. Proximity Enforced Agostic Interactions Involving Closed-Shell Coinage Metal Ions. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16372-16378. [PMID: 31747261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A proximity enforcing diarylsilane ligand is reported, which gives rise to unusual Si-H···M interactions with the d10 metal ions Cu+ and Ag+ upon complexation. These interactions are studied in detail both experimentally and computationally and can be classified to be weakly agostic in nature for the Si-H···Cu interaction. The Si-H···Ag interaction has more signatures of an electrostatic contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Hupf
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany.,Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Dr. , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Lorraine A Malaspina
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Sebastian Holsten
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
| | - Florian Kleemiss
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany.,Departement für Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Alison J Edwards
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering , ANSTO , New Illawarra Road , Lucas Heights , NSW 2234 , Australia
| | - Jason R Price
- MX Beamlines, Australian Synchrotron , ANSTO , 800 Blackburn Road , Clayton , Victoria 3168 , Australia
| | - Valeri Kozich
- Institut für Experimentalphysik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Karsten Heyne
- Institut für Experimentalphysik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Stefan Mebs
- Institut für Experimentalphysik , Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 14 , 14195 Berlin , Germany
| | - Simon Grabowsky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany.,Departement für Chemie und Biochemie , Universität Bern , Freiestrasse 3 , 3012 Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jens Beckmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Kristallographie , Universität Bremen , Leobener Straße 3 & 7 , 28359 Bremen , Germany
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8
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Schmitz D, Kalter M, Dunbar AC, Vöst M, Fischer A, Batke K, Eickerling G, Ruhland K, Ebad‐Allah J, Kuntscher C, Scherer W. Pressure‐Enhanced C–H Bond Activation in Chloromethane Platinum(II) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schmitz
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Marcel Kalter
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Andrew C. Dunbar
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Marcel Vöst
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Kilian Batke
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Georg Eickerling
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Klaus Ruhland
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Jihaan Ebad‐Allah
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
- Department of Physics Tanta University 31527 Tanta Egypt
| | - Christine Kuntscher
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Institut für Physik Universität Augsburg Universitätsstr. 1 86135 Augsburg Germany
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9
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Price JS, Emslie DJH. Interconversion and reactivity of manganese silyl, silylene, and silene complexes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10853-10869. [PMID: 32206252 PMCID: PMC7069235 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Interconversions between manganese silylene and silene complexes are reported, including those involving the first spectroscopically observed silene complexes with an SiH substituent, and their involvement in ethylene hydrosilylation is discussed.
Manganese disilyl hydride complexes [(dmpe)2MnH(SiH2R)2] (4Ph: R = Ph, 4Bu: R = nBu) reacted with ethylene to form silene hydride complexes [(dmpe)2MnH(RHSi
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CHMe)] (6Ph,H: R = Ph, 6Bu,H: R = nBu). Compounds 6R,H reacted with a second equivalent of ethylene to generate [(dmpe)2MnH(REtSi
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CHMe)] (6Ph,Et: R = Ph, 6Bu,Et: R = nBu), resulting from apparent ethylene insertion into the silene Si–H bond. Furthermore, in the absence of ethylene, silene complex 6Bu,H slowly isomerized to the silylene hydride complex [(dmpe)2MnH(
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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SiEtnBu)] (3Bu,Et). Reactions of 4R with ethylene likely proceed via low-coordinate silyl {[(dmpe)2Mn(SiH2R)] (2Ph: R = Ph, 2Bu: R = nBu)} or silylene hydride {[(dmpe)2MnH(
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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SiHR)] (3Ph,H: R = Ph, 3Bu,H: R = nBu)} intermediates accessed from 4R by H3SiR elimination. DFT calculations and high temperature NMR spectra support the accessibility of these intermediates, and reactions of 4R with isonitriles or N-heterocyclic carbenes yielded the silyl isonitrile complexes [(dmpe)2Mn(SiH2R)(CNR′)] (7a–d: R = Ph or nBu; R′ = o-xylyl or tBu), and NHC-stabilized silylene hydride complexes [(dmpe)2MnH{
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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SiHR(NHC)}] (8a–d: R = Ph or nBu; NHC = 1,3-diisopropylimidazolin-2-ylidene or 1,3,4,5-tetramethyl-4-imidazolin-2-ylidene), respectively, all of which were crystallographically characterized. Silyl, silylene and silene complexes in this work were accessed via reactions of [(dmpe)2MnH(C2H4)] (1) with hydrosilanes, in some cases followed by ethylene. Therefore, ethylene (C2H4 and C2D4) hydrosilylation was investigated using [(dmpe)2MnH(C2H4)] (1) as a pre-catalyst, resulting in stepwise conversion of primary to secondary to tertiary hydrosilanes. Various catalytically active manganese-containing species were observed during catalysis, including silylene and silene complexes, and a catalytic cycle is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Price
- Department of Chemistry , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada .
| | - David J H Emslie
- Department of Chemistry , McMaster University , 1280 Main Street West , Hamilton , Ontario L8S 4M1 , Canada .
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10
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Price JS, Emslie DJH, Berno B. Manganese Silyl Dihydride Complexes: A Spectroscopic, Crystallographic, and Computational Study of Nonclassical Silicate and Hydrosilane Hydride Isomers. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Takeshita T, Sato K, Nakajima Y. Selective hydrosiloxane synthesis via dehydrogenative coupling of silanols with hydrosilanes catalysed by Fe complexes bearing a tetradentate PNNP ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:17004-17010. [PMID: 30460962 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04168g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A well-defined iron complex system was established using PNNP-R (R = Ph and Cy) as a strong σ-donating ligand with a rigid meridional tetradentate structure. Reactive Fe(0) complexes [{Fe(PNNP-R)}2(μ-N2)] were synthesized by a reaction of the corresponding iron dihalide with NaBEt3H and structurally characterized. The reaction proceeded via the iron dihydride intermediate [Fe(H)2(PNNP-R)], which underwent H2 reductive elimination, supporting the hemilabile behavior of PNNP-R. [{Fe(PNNP-R)}2(μ-N2)] catalyzed the dehydrogenative coupling of silanols with silanes to selectively form various hydrosiloxanes, which are important building blocks for the synthesis of a range of siloxane compounds. This system exhibited higher catalytic efficiency than the previously reported precious-metal-catalyzed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Takeshita
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan. and Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan. and Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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12
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Price JS, Emslie DJH, Vargas-Baca I, Britten JF. [(dmpe) 2MnH(C 2H 4)] as a Source of a Low-Coordinate Ethyl Manganese(I) Species: Reactions with Primary Silanes, H 2, and Isonitriles. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S. Price
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - David J. H. Emslie
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Ignacio Vargas-Baca
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - James F. Britten
- Department of Chemistry, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
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13
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Machat MR, Fischer A, Schmitz D, Vöst M, Drees M, Jandl C, Pöthig A, Casati NPM, Scherer W, Rieger B. Behind the Scenes of Group 4 Metallocene Catalysis: Examination of the Metal–Carbon Bond. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Fischer
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Schmitz
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Vöst
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Wolfgang Scherer
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Physik und Materialwissenschaften, Institut für Physik, Universität Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
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14
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Ríos P, Fouilloux H, Vidossich P, Díez J, Lledós A, Conejero S. Isolation of a Cationic Platinum(II) σ-Silane Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3217-3221. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Hugo Fouilloux
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Pietro Vidossich
- Departament de Química-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Campus UAB 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- COBO Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry Bogotá; Department of Chemistry; Universidad de los Andes; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Josefina Díez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis; Unidad asociada al CSIC); Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament de Química-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Campus UAB 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
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15
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Ríos P, Fouilloux H, Vidossich P, Díez J, Lledós A, Conejero S. Isolation of a Cationic Platinum(II) σ-Silane Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ríos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Hugo Fouilloux
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Pietro Vidossich
- Departament de Química-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Campus UAB 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
- COBO Computational Bio-Organic Chemistry Bogotá; Department of Chemistry; Universidad de los Andes; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Josefina Díez
- Laboratorio de Compuestos Organometálicos y Catálisis; Unidad asociada al CSIC); Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica; Universidad de Oviedo; 33006 Oviedo Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament de Química-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Campus UAB 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain
| | - Salvador Conejero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ); Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINCA), CSIC; Universidad de Sevilla; Avda. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
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