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Pennington ER, Virk R, Bridges MD, Bathon BE, Beatty N, Gray RS, Kelley P, Wassall SR, Manke J, Armstrong M, Reisdorph N, Vanduinen R, Fenton JI, Gowdy KM, Shaikh SR. Docosahexaenoic Acid Controls Pulmonary Macrophage Lipid Raft Size and Inflammation. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00174-3. [PMID: 38582385 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) controls the biophysical organization of plasma membrane sphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched lipid rafts to exert anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in lymphocytes. However, the impact of DHA on the spatial arrangement of alveolar macrophage lipid rafts and inflammation is unknown. OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to determine how DHA controls lipid raft organization and function of alveolar macrophages. As proof-of-concept, we also investigated DHA's anti-inflammatory effects on select pulmonary inflammatory markers with a murine influenza model. METHODS MH-S cells, an alveolar macrophage line, were treated with 50 μM DHA or vehicle control and were used to study plasma membrane molecular organization with fluorescence-based methods. Biomimetic membranes and coarse grain molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were employed to investigate how DHA mechanistically controls lipid raft size. qRT-PCR, mass spectrometry, and ELISAs were used to quantify downstream inflammatory signaling transcripts, oxylipins, and cytokines, respectively. Lungs from DHA-fed influenza-infected mice were analyzed for specific inflammatory markers. RESULTS DHA increased the size of lipid rafts while decreasing the molecular packing of the MH-S plasma membrane. Adding a DHA-containing phospholipid to a biomimetic lipid raft-containing membrane led to condensing, which was reversed with the removal of cholesterol. MD simulations revealed DHA nucleated lipid rafts by driving cholesterol and sphingomyelin into rafts. Downstream of the plasma membrane, DHA lowered the concentration of select inflammatory transcripts, oxylipins, and IL-6 secretion. DHA lowered pulmonary Il6 and Tnf-α mRNA expression and increased anti-inflammatory oxylipins of influenza-infected mice. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest a model in which the localization of DHA acyl chains to nonrafts is driving sphingomyelin and cholesterol molecules into larger lipid rafts, which may serve as a trigger to impede signaling and lower inflammation. These findings also identify alveolar macrophages as a target of DHA and underscore the anti-inflammatory properties of DHA for lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Ross Pennington
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rafia Virk
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Meagan D Bridges
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Brooke E Bathon
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nari Beatty
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rosemary S Gray
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Patrick Kelley
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Stephen R Wassall
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jonathan Manke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Michael Armstrong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rachel Vanduinen
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jenifer I Fenton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health & School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
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Sublette ME, Daray FM, Ganança L, Shaikh SR. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the neurobiology of major depressive disorder and suicide risk. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:269-286. [PMID: 37993501 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are obtained from diet or derived from essential shorter-chain fatty acids, and are crucial for brain development and functioning. Fundamentally, LC-PUFAs' neurobiological effects derive from their physicochemical characteristics, including length and double bond configuration, which differentiate LC-PUFA species and give rise to functional differences between n(omega)-3 and n-6 LC-PUFAs. LC-PUFA imbalances are implicated in psychiatric disorders, including major depression and suicide risk. Dietary intake and genetic variants in enzymes involved in biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs from shorter chain fatty acids influence LC-PUFA status. Domains impacted by LC-PUFAs include 1) cell signaling, 2) inflammation, and 3) bioenergetics. 1) As major constituents of lipid bilayers, LC-PUFAs are determinants of cell membrane properties of viscosity and order, affecting lipid rafts, which play a role in regulation of membrane-bound proteins involved in cell-cell signaling, including monoaminergic receptors and transporters. 2) The n-3:n-6 LC-PUFA balance profoundly influences inflammation. Generally, metabolic products of n-6 LC-PUFAs (eicosanoids) are pro-inflammatory, while those of n-3 LC-PUFAs (docosanoids) participate in the resolution of inflammation. Additionally, n-3 LC-PUFAs suppress microglial activation and the ensuing proinflammatory cascade. 3) N-3 LC-PUFAs in the inner mitochondrial membrane affect oxidative stress, suppressing production of and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), with neuroprotective benefits. Until now, this wealth of knowledge about LC-PUFA biomechanisms has not been adequately tapped to develop translational studies of LC-PUFA clinical effects in humans. Future studies integrating neurobiological mechanisms with clinical outcomes may suggest ways to identify depressed individuals most likely to respond to n-3 LC-PUFA supplementation, and mechanistic research may generate new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elizabeth Sublette
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Molecular Imaging & Neuropathology Area, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Federico Manuel Daray
- University of Buenos Aires, School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Licínia Ganança
- Clínica Universitária de Psiquiatria e Psicologia Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Saúde Mental, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Nutritional Obesity Research Center, Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Bouquiaux C, Champagne B, Beaujean P. Multimillion Atom Simulations of Di-8-ANEPPS Chromophores Embedded in a Model Plasma Membrane: Toward the Investigation of Realistic Dyed Cell Membranes. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:518-531. [PMID: 38157204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A multistep computational approach has been employed to study a multimillion all-atom dyed plasma membrane, with no less than 42 different lipid species spanning the major head groups and a variety of fatty acids, as well as cholesterol, with the objective of investigating its structure and dynamics, as well as its impact on the embedded di-8-ANEPPS dyes. The latter are commonly used as bioimaging probes and serve as local microscopes. So, they provide information on membrane morphology via their second harmonic nonlinear optical (NLO) responses, which have the advantage of being specific to interface regions and sensitive to the chromophore environment. In previous studies, this chromophore has only been studied in simpler membrane models, far from the complexity of real lipid bilayers, while, owing to the ever-increasing computational resources, multimillion lipid bilayers have been studied, giving access to the effects of its heterogeneity. First, using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, it is found that the combination of lipids produces a more ordered and denser membrane compared to its homogeneous model counterparts, while the local environment of the embedded dyes becomes enriched in phosphatidylcholine. Subsequently, the second harmonic first hyperpolarizability of the probes was calculated at the TDDFT level on selected frames of MD, highlighting the influence of the lipid environment. Due to the complexity of the system, machine learning (ML) tools have been employed to establish relationships between the membrane structural parameters, the orientation of the probes, and their NLO responses. These ML approaches have revealed influential features, including the presence of diacylglycerol lipids close to the dye. On the whole, this work provides a first step toward understanding the cooperation, synergy, and interactions that occur in such complex guest-host environments, which have emerged as new targets for drug design and membrane lipid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bouquiaux
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Beaujean
- University of Namur, Theoretical Chemistry Lab, Unit of Theoretical and Structural Physical Chemistry, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, rue de Bruxelles, 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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Zhukov A, Popov V. Eukaryotic Cell Membranes: Structure, Composition, Research Methods and Computational Modelling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11226. [PMID: 37446404 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper deals with the problems encountered in the study of eukaryotic cell membranes. A discussion on the structure and composition of membranes, lateral heterogeneity of membranes, lipid raft formation, and involvement of actin and cytoskeleton networks in the maintenance of membrane structure is included. Modern methods for the study of membranes and their constituent domains are discussed. Various simplified models of biomembranes and lipid rafts are presented. Computer modelling is considered as one of the most important methods. This is stated that from the study of the plasma membrane structure, it is desirable to proceed to the diverse membranes of all organelles of the cell. The qualitative composition and molar content of individual classes of polar lipids, free sterols and proteins in each of these membranes must be considered. A program to create an open access electronic database including results obtained from the membrane modelling of individual cell organelles and the key sites of the membranes, as well as models of individual molecules composing the membranes, has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Zhukov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valery Popov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
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Cavazos AT, Pennington ER, Dadoo S, Gowdy KM, Wassall SR, Shaikh SR. OxPAPC stabilizes liquid-ordered domains in biomimetic membranes. Biophys J 2023; 122:1130-1139. [PMID: 36840353 PMCID: PMC10111260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are prone to nonenzymatic oxidation in response to differing environmental stressors and endogenous cellular sources. There is increasing evidence that phospholipids containing oxidized PUFA acyl chains control the inflammatory response. However, the underlying mechanism(s) of action by which oxidized PUFAs exert their functional effects remain unclear. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that replacement of 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-phosphatidylcholine (PAPC) with oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-phosphatidylcholine (oxPAPC) regulates membrane architecture. Specifically, with solid-state 2H NMR of biomimetic membranes, we investigated how substituting oxPAPC for PAPC modulates the molecular organization of liquid-ordered (Lo) domains. 2H NMR spectra for bilayer mixtures of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-d62 (an analog of DPPC deuterated throughout sn-1 and -2 chains) and cholesterol to which PAPC or oxPAPC was added revealed that replacing PAPC with oxPAPC disrupted molecular organization, indicating that oxPAPC does not mix favorably in a tightly packed Lo phase. Furthermore, unlike PAPC, adding oxPAPC stabilized 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine-d6-rich/cholesterol-rich Lo domains formed in mixtures with 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine while decreasing the molecular order within 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylcholine-rich liquid-disordered regions of the membrane. Collectively, these results suggest a mechanism in which oxPAPC stabilizes Lo domains-by disordering the surrounding liquid-disordered region. Changes in the structure, and thereby functionality, of Lo domains may underly regulation of plasma membrane-based inflammatory signaling by oxPAPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres T Cavazos
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Edward Ross Pennington
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Sahil Dadoo
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina
| | - Kymberly M Gowdy
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Stephen R Wassall
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis Indiana.
| | - Saame Raza Shaikh
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health and School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill North Carolina.
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Watkins SL. Current Trends and Changes in Use of Membrane Molecular Dynamics Simulations within Academia and the Pharmaceutical Industry. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:148. [PMID: 36837651 PMCID: PMC9961006 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
There has been an almost exponential increase in the use of molecular dynamics simulations in basic research and industry over the last 5 years, with almost a doubling in the number of publications each year. Many of these are focused on neurological membranes, and biological membranes in general, applied to the medical industry. A smaller portion have utilized membrane simulations to answer more basic questions related to the function of specific proteins, chemicals or biological processes. This review covers some newer studies, alongside studies from the last two decades, to determine changes in the field. Some of these are basic, while others are more profound, such as multi-component embedded membrane machinery. It is clear that many facets of the discipline remain the same, while the focus on and uses of the technology are broadening in scope and utilization as a general research tool. Analysis of recent literature provides an overview of the current methodologies, covers some of the recent trends or advances and tries to make predictions of the overall path membrane molecular dynamics will follow in the coming years. In general, the overview presented is geared towards the general scientific community, who may wish to introduce the use of these methodologies in light of these changes, making molecular dynamic simulations more feasible for general scientific or medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan L Watkins
- Plant Pathology and CRGB, Oregon State University, 2701 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Corey RA, Baaden M, Chavent M. A brief history of visualizing membrane systems in molecular dynamics simulations. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 3:1149744. [PMID: 37213533 PMCID: PMC10196259 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2023.1149744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding lipid dynamics and function, from the level of single, isolated molecules to large assemblies, is more than ever an intensive area of research. The interactions of lipids with other molecules, particularly membrane proteins, are now extensively studied. With advances in the development of force fields for molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and increases in computational resources, the creation of realistic and complex membrane systems is now common. In this perspective, we will review four decades of the history of molecular dynamics simulations applied to membranes and lipids through the prism of molecular graphics.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Corey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Baaden
- Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - M. Chavent
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: M. Chavent,
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Braithwaite IM, Davis JH. Orientation of Cholesterol in Polyunsaturated Lipid Bilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15804-15816. [PMID: 36480923 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The local normal to the fluid liquid crystalline phase of the lipid membrane is an axis of motional symmetry for the molecules that make up the bilayer. The presence of cholesterol in the membrane increases not only the lipid hydrocarbon chain order but also the strength of the membrane's orienting potential. Cholesterol undergoes rapid reorientation about a diffusion axis that is roughly aligned with the long molecular axis, but there is also a slower reorientation of the diffusion axis, or "wobble", relative to the local bilayer normal. The extent of this second, slower motion depends on the degree of order of the lipids that make up the bilayer. We use 2H nuclear magnetic resonance of deuterium-labeled cholesterol to investigate quantitatively the effect of lipid chain unsaturation on cholesterol orientation in a series of phospholipid bilayers. We find that the hydrocarbon chains in membranes composed of polyunsaturated lipids are much more highly disordered than those in membranes composed of saturated lipids but that cholesterol remains aligned roughly along the bilayer normal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James H Davis
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, CanadaN1G 2W1
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