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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW. In silico NIR spectroscopy - A review. Molecular fingerprint, interpretation of calibration models, understanding of matrix effects and instrumental difference. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 279:121438. [PMID: 35667136 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanical calculations are routinely used as a major support in mid-infrared (MIR) and Raman spectroscopy. In contrast, practical limitations for long time formed a barrier to developing a similar synergy between near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and computational chemistry. Recent advances in theoretical methods suitable for calculation of NIR spectra opened the pathway to modeling NIR spectra of various molecules. Accurate theoretical reproduction of NIR spectra of molecules reaching the size of long-chain fatty acids was accomplished so far. In silico NIR spectroscopy, where the spectra are calculated ab initio, provides substantial improvement in our understanding of the overtones and combination bands that overlap in staggering numbers and create complex lineshape typical for NIR spectra. This improves the comprehension of the spectral information enabling access to rich and detail molecular footprint, essential for fundamental research and useful in routine analysis by NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics. This review article summarizes the most recent accomplishments in the emerging field with examples of simulated NIR spectra of molecules reaching long-chain fatty acids and polymers. In addition to detailed NIR band assignments and new physical insights, simulated spectra enable innovative support in applications. Understanding of the difference in the performance observed between miniaturized NIR spectrometers and chemical interpretation of the chemometric models are noteworthy here. These new elements integrated into NIR spectroscopy framework enable a knowledge-based design of the analysis with comprehension of the processed chemical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B Beć
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Justyna Grabska
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christian W Huck
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Water as a Probe for Standardization of Near-Infrared Spectra by Mutual-Individual Factor Analysis. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186069. [PMID: 36144801 PMCID: PMC9503549 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The standardization of near-infrared (NIR) spectra is essential in practical applications, because various instruments are generally employed. However, standardization is challenging due to numerous perturbations, such as the instruments, testing environments, and sample compositions. In order to explain the spectral changes caused by the various perturbations, a two-step standardization technique was presented in this work called mutual–individual factor analysis (MIFA). Taking advantage of the sensitivity of a water probe to perturbations, the spectral information from a water spectral region was gradually divided into mutual and individual parts. With aquaphotomics expertise, it can be found that the mutual part described the overall spectral features among instruments, whereas the individual part depicted the difference of component structural changes in the sample caused by operation and the measurement conditions. Furthermore, the spectral difference was adjusted by the coefficients in both parts. The effectiveness of the method was assessed by using two NIR datasets of corn and wheat, respectively. The results showed that the standardized spectra can be successfully predicted by using the partial least squares (PLS) models developed with the spectra from the reference instrument. Consequently, the MIFA offers a viable solution to standardize the spectra obtained from several instruments when measurements are affected by multiple factors.
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Mazurek S, Włodarczyk M, Pielorz S, Okińczyc P, Kuś PM, Długosz G, Vidal-Yañez D, Szostak R. Quantification of Salicylates and Flavonoids in Poplar Bark and Leaves Based on IR, NIR, and Raman Spectra. Molecules 2022; 27:3954. [PMID: 35745076 PMCID: PMC9229158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Poplar bark and leaves can be an attractive source of salicylates and other biologically active compounds used in medicine. However, the biochemical variability of poplar material requires a standardization prior to processing. The official analytical protocols used in the pharmaceutical industry rely on the extraction of active compounds, which makes their determination long and costly. An analysis of plant materials in their native state can be performed using vibrational spectroscopy. This paper presents for the first time a comparison of diffuse reflectance in the near- and mid-infrared regions, attenuated total reflection, and Raman spectroscopy used for the simultaneous determination of salicylates and flavonoids in poplar bark and leaves. Based on 185 spectra of various poplar species and hybrid powdered samples, partial least squares regression models, characterized by the relative standard errors of prediction in the 4.5-9.9% range for both calibration and validation sets, were developed. These models allow for fast and precise quantification of the studied active compounds in poplar bark and leaves without any chemical sample treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwester Mazurek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (S.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Maciej Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (P.O.); (P.M.K.); (G.D.); (D.V.-Y.)
| | - Sonia Pielorz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (S.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Piotr Okińczyc
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (P.O.); (P.M.K.); (G.D.); (D.V.-Y.)
| | - Piotr M. Kuś
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (P.O.); (P.M.K.); (G.D.); (D.V.-Y.)
| | - Gabriela Długosz
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (P.O.); (P.M.K.); (G.D.); (D.V.-Y.)
| | - Diana Vidal-Yañez
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland; (P.O.); (P.M.K.); (G.D.); (D.V.-Y.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08014 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (S.P.); (R.S.)
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW. Miniaturized NIR Spectroscopy in Food Analysis and Quality Control: Promises, Challenges, and Perspectives. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101465. [PMID: 35627034 PMCID: PMC9140213 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing miniaturization of spectrometers creates a perfect synergy with the common advantages of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which together provide particularly significant benefits in the field of food analysis. The combination of portability and direct onsite application with high throughput and a noninvasive way of analysis is a decisive advantage in the food industry, which features a diverse production and supply chain. A miniaturized NIR analytical framework is readily applicable to combat various food safety risks, where compromised quality may result from an accidental or intentional (i.e., food fraud) origin. In this review, the characteristics of miniaturized NIR sensors are discussed in comparison to benchtop laboratory spectrometers regarding their performance, applicability, and optimization of methodology. Miniaturized NIR spectrometers remarkably increase the flexibility of analysis; however, various factors affect the performance of these devices in different analytical scenarios. Currently, it is a focused research direction to perform systematic evaluation studies of the accuracy and reliability of various miniaturized spectrometers that are based on different technologies; e.g., Fourier transform (FT)-NIR, micro-optoelectro-mechanical system (MOEMS)-based Hadamard mask, or linear variable filter (LVF) coupled with an array detector, among others. Progressing technology has been accompanied by innovative data-analysis methods integrated into the package of a micro-NIR analytical framework to improve its accuracy, reliability, and applicability. Advanced calibration methods (e.g., artificial neural networks (ANN) and nonlinear regression) directly improve the performance of miniaturized instruments in challenging analyses, and balance the accuracy of these instruments toward laboratory spectrometers. The quantum-mechanical simulation of NIR spectra reveals the wavenumber regions where the best-correlated spectral information resides and unveils the interactions of the target analyte with the surrounding matrix, ultimately enhancing the information gathered from the NIR spectra. A data-fusion framework offers a combination of spectral information from sensors that operate in different wavelength regions and enables parallelization of spectral pretreatments. This set of methods enables the intelligent design of future NIR analyses using miniaturized instruments, which is critically important for samples with a complex matrix typical of food raw material and shelf products.
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Badzoka J, Huck CW. Spectra-structure correlations in NIR region of polymers from quantum chemical calculations. The cases of aromatic ring, C=O, C≡N and C-Cl functionalities. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 262:120085. [PMID: 34174679 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a valued analytical tool in various applications involving polymers. However, complex nature of NIR spectra imposes difficulties in their direct interpretation. Here, anharmonic quantum chemical calculations are used to simulate NIR spectra of nine polymers; acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVAC), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polylactide or polylactic acid (PLA), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyoxymethylene (POM), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylchloride (PVC). The generalized spectra-structure correlations are derived for these systems with focus given to the manifestation in NIR spectra of aromatic ring, C=O, C≡N and C-Cl functionalities. It is concluded that the nature of NIR polymer bands is only moderately sensitive to the remote chemical neighborhood. The majority of NIR absorption of polymers originates from binary combination bands, while the first overtones are meaningful only in ca. 6200-5500 cm-1 region. The contribution of the overtone bands is relatively higher for the polymers bearing aromatic rings because of higher intensity of C-H stretching overtones. Highly characteristic combination bands of the modes localized in aromatic ring (ring deformation and CH stretching) are relatively independent on the remaining structure of the polymer. The combination bands originating from C=O group are more sensitive to the chemical neighborhood in near proximity, forming a useful fingerprint for a specific polymer. In contrast, the vibrational bands of C≡N functionality are far less useful in NIR region than in infrared (IR) region. With aid of the calculated absorption bands, structural specificity of NIR spectroscopy of polymers can be markedly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Justyna Grabska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jovan Badzoka
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW, Mazurek S, Czarnecki MA. Anharmonicity and Spectra-Structure Correlations in MIR and NIR Spectra of Crystalline Menadione (Vitamin K 3). Molecules 2021; 26:6779. [PMID: 34833871 PMCID: PMC8620535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mid-infrared (MIR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of crystalline menadione (vitamin K3) were measured and analyzed with aid of quantum chemical calculations. The calculations were carried out using the harmonic approach for the periodic model of crystal lattice and the anharmonic DVPT2 calculations applied for the single molecule model. The theoretical spectra accurately reconstructed the experimental ones permitting for reliable assignment of the MIR and NIR bands. For the first time, a detailed analysis of the NIR spectrum of a molecular system based on a naphthoquinone moiety was performed to elucidate the relationship between the chemical structure of menadione and the origin of the overtones and combination bands. In addition, the importance of these bands during interpretation of the MIR spectrum was demonstrated. The overtones and combination bands contribute to 46.4% of the total intensity of menadione in the range of 3600-2600 cm-1. Evidently, these bands play a key role in shaping of the C-H stretching region of MIR spectrum. We have shown also that the spectral regions without fundamentals may provide valuable structural information. For example, the theoretical calculations reliably reconstructed numerous overtones and combination bands in the 4000-3600 and 2800-1800 cm-1 ranges. These results, provide a comprehensive origin of the fundamentals, overtones and combination bands in the NIR and MIR spectra of menadione, and the relationship of these spectral features with the molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B. Beć
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.G.); (C.W.H.)
| | - Justyna Grabska
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.G.); (C.W.H.)
| | - Christian W. Huck
- CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (J.G.); (C.W.H.)
| | - Sylwester Mazurek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland;
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Grabska J, Beć KB, Ozaki Y, Huck CW. Anharmonic DFT Study of Near-Infrared Spectra of Caffeine: Vibrational Analysis of the Second Overtones and Ternary Combinations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175212. [PMID: 34500645 PMCID: PMC8433751 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anharmonic quantum chemical calculations were employed to simulate and interpret a near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of caffeine. First and second overtones, as well as binary and ternary combination bands, were obtained, accurately reproducing the lineshape of the experimental spectrum in the region of 10,000–4000 cm−1 (1000–2500 nm). The calculations enabled performing a detailed analysis of NIR spectra of caffeine, including weak bands due to the second overtones and ternary combinations. A highly convoluted nature of NIR spectrum of caffeine was unveiled, with numerous overlapping bands found beneath the observed spectral lineshape. To properly reflect that intrinsic complexity, the band assignments were provided in the form of heat maps presenting the contributions to the NIR spectrum from various kinds of vibrational transitions. These contributions were also quantitatively assessed in terms of the integral intensities. It was found that the combination bands provide the decisively dominant contributions to the NIR spectrum of caffeine. The first overtones gain significant importance between 6500–5500 cm−1, while the second overtones are meaningful in the higher wavenumber regions, particularly in the 10,000–7000 cm−1 region. The obtained detailed band assignments enabled deep interpretation of the absorption regions of caffeine identified in the literature as meaningful for analytical applications of NIR spectroscopy focused on quantitative analysis of caffeine content in drugs and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Grabska
- CCB—Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.B.B.); (C.W.H.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Krzysztof B. Beć
- CCB—Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.B.B.); (C.W.H.)
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1337, Hyogo, Japan;
- Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Yokomichi, Nagakute 480-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Christian W. Huck
- CCB—Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (K.B.B.); (C.W.H.)
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Ozaki Y, Beć KB, Morisawa Y, Yamamoto S, Tanabe I, Huck CW, Hofer TS. Advances, challenges and perspectives of quantum chemical approaches in molecular spectroscopy of the condensed phase. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10917-10954. [PMID: 34382961 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01602k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to demonstrate advances, challenges and perspectives of quantum chemical approaches in molecular spectroscopy of the condensed phase. Molecular spectroscopy, particularly vibrational spectroscopy and electronic spectroscopy, has been used extensively for a wide range of areas of chemical sciences and materials science as well as nano- and biosciences because it provides valuable information about structure, functions, and reactions of molecules. In the meantime, quantum chemical approaches play crucial roles in the spectral analysis. They also yield important knowledge about molecular and electronic structures as well as electronic transitions. The combination of spectroscopic approaches and quantum chemical calculations is a powerful tool for science, in general. Thus, our article, which treats various spectroscopy and quantum chemical approaches, should have strong implications in the wider scientific community. This review covers a wide area of molecular spectroscopy from far-ultraviolet (FUV, 120-200 nm) to far-infrared (FIR, 400-10 cm-1)/terahertz and Raman spectroscopy. As quantum chemical approaches, we introduce several anharmonic approaches such as vibrational self-consistent field (VSCF) and the combination of periodic harmonic calculations with anharmonic corrections based on finite models, grid-based techniques like the Numerov approach, the Cartesian coordinate tensor transfer (CCT) method, Symmetry-Adapted Cluster Configuration-Interaction (SAC-CI), and the ZINDO (Semi-empirical calculations at Zerner's Intermediate Neglect of Differential Overlap). One can use anharmonic approaches and grid-based approaches for both infrared (IR) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, while CCT methods are employed for Raman, Raman optical activity (ROA), FIR/terahertz and low-frequency Raman spectroscopy. Therefore, this review overviews cross relations between molecular spectroscopy and quantum chemical approaches, and provides various kinds of close-reality advanced spectral simulation for condensed phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan. and Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute, Yokomichi, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan
| | - Krzysztof B Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yusuke Morisawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ichiro Tanabe
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas S Hofer
- Institute of General, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, A6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW. Current and future research directions in computer-aided near-infrared spectroscopy: A perspective. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 254:119625. [PMID: 33706116 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present review aims to draw a perspective on the vibrational spectroscopy combined with the tools of computational chemistry. This includes an overview of the accomplishments made so far, the assessment of the present development trends and the prospects for continuing these advances. State-of-the-art methods, current challenges and the expected future advances are evaluated from the point-of-view of the practical application in vibrational spectroscopy. A special attention is given to near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which occupies a distinct position among the techniques of vibrational spectroscopy. As the result of intrinsically complex spectra, reliance on the anharmonicity as well as keen interest given to complex materials, NIR spectroscopy may particularly benefit from computational chemistry. The present key limitations hindering development of NIR spectroscopy are identified; these constitute primarily the limit in the treatable system size and the inability to effectively include chemical matrix effects. Given the expanding role of NIR spectroscopy in science and industry, lifting these limitations would directly enhance the general potential of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Justyna Grabska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Christian W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Watari M, Nagamoto A, Genkawa T, Morita S. Use of Near-Infrared-Mid-Infrared Dual-Wavelength Spectrometry to Obtain Two-Dimensional Difference Spectra of Sesame Oil as Inactive Drug Ingredient. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 75:385-394. [PMID: 33044085 DOI: 10.1177/0003702820969192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study has investigated the transformation of sesame oil kept at low temperature during a definite period of time for refinement (called winterization) as an inactive drug ingredient by using two-dimensional difference spectra (2D-DS) analysis of spectra collected using a near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) dual-wavelength spectrometer (NIR-MIR-DWS). The NIR and MIR spectra were measured nearly simultaneously from samples of sesame oil before and after winterization. The difference spectrum analysis of the obtained NIR-MIR data elucidated that, after the winterization process, the absorbances at peaks attributed to C=O, C=C, and OH groups decrease while the absorbances arising from the main chain (CH2) increase. The result indicated the removal of lignan and the fatty acids with relatively short main chains. Moreover, sesame oil unwinterized was cooled from room temperature to near 1 ℃ and subsequently warmed to room temperature. And the cycle was repeated two times. Real-time monitoring during the cooling and warming processes were carried out using the NIR-MIR-DWS. The prediction results obtained from partial least square calibration model for the temperature suggests that there are subtle differences in the oil composition between the first cooling process and after the warming and cooling cycle. For the more detailed analysis, the 2D-DS method is proposed. The results of the analyses using 2D-DS revealed that the starting point of the transformation is around 15 ℃. It can be estimated that sesame oil is mainly transformed by the first cooling down. Moreover, it was implied that the structure of methylene (CH2) was significantly related to the modifications in sesame oil with temperature change. A series of experimental results elucidated that the winterization of sesame oil removed its impurities and stabilized its conditions. These results are probably the first report on the effect of the winterization process on sesame oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akifumi Nagamoto
- (Formerly) Technology Department, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp. Kamisu, Japan
| | - Takuma Genkawa
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Morita
- Department of Engineering Science, Osaka Electro-Communication University, Neyagawa, Japan
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Muncan J, Kovacs Z, Pollner B, Ikuta K, Ohtani Y, Terada F, Tsenkova R. Near infrared aquaphotomics study on common dietary fatty acids in cow's liquid, thawed milk. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ozaki Y. Infrared Spectroscopy-Mid-infrared, Near-infrared, and Far-infrared/Terahertz Spectroscopy. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:1193-1212. [PMID: 33612556 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20r008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This article aims to overview infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Simultaneously, it outlines mid-infrared (MIR), near-infrared (NIR), and far-infrared (FIR) or terahertz (THz) spectroscopy separately, and compares them in terms of principles, characteristics, advantages, and applications. MIR spectroscopy is the central spectroscopic technique in the IR region, and is mainly concerned with the fundamentals of molecular vibrations. NIR spectroscopy incorporates both electronic and vibrational spectroscopy; however, in this review, I have chiefly discussed vibrational NIR spectroscopy, where bands due to overtones and combination modes appear. FIR or THz spectroscopy contains both vibrational and rotational spectroscopy. However, only vibrational FIR or THz spectroscopy has been discussed in this review. These three spectroscopy cover wide areas in their applications, making it rather difficult to describe these various topics simultaneously. Hence, I have selected three key topics: hydrogen bond studies, applications of quantum chemical calculations, and imaging. The perspective of the three spectroscopy has been discussed in the last section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University.,Toyota Physical and Chemical Research Institute
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Olsztyńska-Janus S, Czarnecki MA. Effect of elevated temperature and UV radiation on molecular structure of linoleic acid by ATR-IR and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118436. [PMID: 32403075 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of elevated temperature (44 °C) and ultraviolet (UV) radiation on molecular structure of linoleic acid (LA) was studied by Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy. To obtain more detailed information on molecular mechanism of these changes we applied moving-window analysis and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS). Analysis of the time-dependent ATR-IR spectra of LA before and after UV irradiation revealed the structural changes in molecules of LA. The extent of these changes was significantly higher after an application of UV radiation. During 24 h experiment temperature was constant, therefore the spectral changes result from relatively slow processes (and requiring more energy), e.g. cis/trans isomerization, disruption of the C=C double bonds and partial breaking of hydrogen bonds in the cyclic dimers. As a side effect of these structural changes one can observe variations in the orientation of the chains. It is of note that the methyl and methylene groups reveal slightly different behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Olsztyńska-Janus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, pl. Grunwaldzki 13, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - M A Czarnecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW, Czarnecki MA. Effect of conformational isomerism on NIR spectra of ethanol isotopologues. Spectroscopic and anharmonic DFT study. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Bio-Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E2948. [PMID: 32604876 PMCID: PMC7357077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy occupies a specific spot across the field of bioscience and related disciplines. Its characteristics and application potential differs from infrared (IR) or Raman spectroscopy. This vibrational spectroscopy technique elucidates molecular information from the examined sample by measuring absorption bands resulting from overtones and combination excitations. Recent decades brought significant progress in the instrumentation (e.g., miniaturized spectrometers) and spectral analysis methods (e.g., spectral image processing and analysis, quantum chemical calculation of NIR spectra), which made notable impact on its applicability. This review aims to present NIR spectroscopy as a matured technique, yet with great potential for further advances in several directions throughout broadly understood bio-applications. Its practical value is critically assessed and compared with competing techniques. Attention is given to link the bio-application potential of NIR spectroscopy with its fundamental characteristics and principal features of NIR spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B. Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | | | - Christian W. Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
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Lipid Droplet Composition Varies Based on Medaka Fish Eggs Development as Revealed by NIR-, MIR-, and Raman Imaging. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040817. [PMID: 32070018 PMCID: PMC7070833 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In fertilized fish eggs, lipids are an energy reservoir for the embryo development and substrate for organogenesis. They occur in the cytoplasmic area and form lipid droplets (LDs), but also the yolk egg is composed of lipids and proteins. Insight on the LD formation and distribution and their interactions with other cellular organelles could provide information about the role based on the egg development. For non-destructive, macro-scale visualization of biochemical components of fish eggs, such as lipids proteins and water, near-infrared (NIR) imaging is the method of choice. Mid-infrared (MIR) and Raman spectroscopy imaging were used to provide details on chemical composition of LDs and other egg organelles. NIR imaging illustrated main compartments of the egg including membrane, LDs, yolk, relative protein, and lipid content in well-localized egg structures and their interactions with water molecules. In the yolk, a co-existence of lipids and proteins with carotenoids and carbohydrates was detected by Raman spectroscopy. Results showed a prominent decrease of unsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, and triglycerides/cholesteryl esters content in the eggs due to the embryo development. An opposite trend of changes was observed by MIR spectroscopy for the glycogen, suggesting that consumption of lipids occurred with production of this carbohydrate. The comprehensive vibrational spectroscopic analysis based on NIR, MIR, and Raman imaging is a unique tool in studying in situ dynamic biological processes.
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Ozaki Y, Czarnecki MA, Huck CW. Simulated NIR spectra as sensitive markers of the structure and interactions in nucleobases. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17398. [PMID: 31758033 PMCID: PMC6874539 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (near-IR; NIR) spectroscopy is continuously advancing in biophysical and biochemical fields of investigation. For instance, recent progresses in NIR hyperspectral imaging of biological systems may be noted. However, interpretation of NIR bands for biological samples is difficult and creates a considerable barrier in exploring the full potential of NIR spectroscopy in bioscience. For this reason, we carried out a systematic study of NIR spectra of adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine in polycrystalline state. Interpretation of NIR spectra of these nucleobases was supported by anharmonic vibrational analysis using Deperturbed Vibrational Second-Order Perturbation Theory (DVPT2). A number of molecular models of nucleobases was applied to study the effect of the inter-molecular interactions on the NIR spectra. The accuracy of simulated NIR spectra appears to depend on the intra-layer interactions; in contrast, the inter-layer interactions are less influential. The best results were achieved by combining the simulated spectra of monomers and dimers. It is of particular note that in-plane deformation bands are far more populated than out-of-plane ones and the importance of ring modes is relatively small. This trend is in contrast to that observed in mid-IR region. As shown, the local, short-range chemical neighborhood of nucleobase molecules influence their NIR spectra more considerably. This suggests that NIR spectra are more sensitive probe of the nucleobase pairing than mid-IR ones. The obtained results allow, for the first time, to construct a frequency correlation table for NIR spectra of purines and pyrimidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Justyna Grabska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Mirosław A Czarnecki
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Christan W Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innrain 80/82, CCB-Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Suzuki R, Inoue Y, Murata I, Nomura H, Isshiki Y, Hashimoto M, Kudo Y, Kitagishi H, Kondo S, Kanamoto I. Preparation, characterization, and study of the antimicrobial activity of a Hinokitiol-copper(II)/γ-cyclodextrin ternary complex. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Spectra-Structure Correlations in Isotopomers of Ethanol (CX 3CX 2OX; X = H, D): Combined Near-Infrared and Anharmonic Computational Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112189. [PMID: 31212669 PMCID: PMC6600318 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of isotopic substitution on near-infrared (NIR) spectra has not been studied in detail. With an exception of few major bands, it is difficult to follow the spectral changes due to complexity of NIR spectra. Recent progress in anharmonic quantum mechanical calculations allows for accurate reconstruction of NIR spectra. Taking this opportunity, we carried out a systematic study of NIR spectra of six isotopomers of ethanol (CX3CX2OX; X = H, D). Besides, we calculated the theoretical spectra of two other isotopomers (CH3CD2OD and CD3CH2OD) for which the experimental spectra are not available. The anharmonic calculations were based on generalized vibrational second-order perturbation theory (GVPT2) at DFT and MP2 levels with several basis sets. We compared the accuracy and efficiency of various computational methods. It appears that the best results were obtained with B2PLYP-GD3BJ/def2-TZVP//CPCM approach. Our simulations included the first and second overtones, as well as binary and ternary combinations bands. This way, we reliably reproduced even minor bands in the spectra of diluted samples (0.1 M in CCl4). On this basis, the effect of isotopic substitution on NIR spectra of ethanol was accurately reproduced and comprehensively explained.
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Beć KB, Karczmit D, Kwaśniewicz M, Ozaki Y, Czarnecki MA. Overtones of νC≡N Vibration as a Probe of Structure of Liquid CH3CN, CD3CN, and CCl3CN: Combined Infrared, Near-Infrared, and Raman Spectroscopic Studies with Anharmonic Density Functional Theory Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:4431-4442. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Bernard Beć
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Daniel Karczmit
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Kwaśniewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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Distinct Difference in Sensitivity of NIR vs. IR Bands of Melamine to Inter-Molecular Interactions with Impact on Analytical Spectroscopy Explained by Anharmonic Quantum Mechanical Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071402. [PMID: 30974741 PMCID: PMC6479474 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Melamine (IUPAC: 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triamine) attracts high attention in analytical vibrational spectroscopy due to its misuse as a food adulterant. Vibrational spectroscopy [infrared (IR) and Raman and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy] is a major quality control tool in the detection and quantification of melamine content. The physical background for the measured spectra is not interpreted in analytical spectroscopy using chemometrics. In contrast, quantum mechanical calculations are capable of providing deep and independent insights therein. So far, the NIR region of crystalline melamine has not been studied by quantum mechanical calculations, while the investigations of its IR spectra have remained limited. In the present work, we employed fully anharmonic calculation of the NIR spectrum of melamine based on finite models, and also performed IR spectral simulation by using an infinite crystal model—periodic in three dimensions. This yielded detailed and unambiguous NIR band assignments and revised the previously known IR band assignments. We found that the out-of-plane fundamental transitions, which are essential in the IR region, are markedly more sensitive to out-of-plane inter-molecular interactions of melamine than NIR transitions. Proper description of the chemical surrounding of the molecule of melamine is more important than the anharmonicity of its vibrations. In contrast, the NIR bands mostly arise from in-plane vibrations, and remain surprisingly insensitive to the chemical environment. These findings explain previous observations that were reported in IR and NIR analytical studies of melamine.
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Ozaki Y. Recent Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy of Electronic and Vibrational Transitions in Condensed Phase and Its Application to Chemistry. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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Beć KB, Huck CW. Breakthrough Potential in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Spectra Simulation. A Review of Recent Developments. Front Chem 2019; 7:48. [PMID: 30854368 PMCID: PMC6396078 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared (12,500–4,000 cm−1; 800–2,500 nm) spectroscopy is the hallmark for one of the most rapidly advancing analytical techniques over the last few decades. Although it is mainly recognized as an analytical tool, near-infrared spectroscopy has also contributed significantly to physical chemistry, e.g., by delivering invaluable data on the anharmonic nature of molecular vibrations or peculiarities of intermolecular interactions. In all these contexts, a major barrier in the form of an intrinsic complexity of near-infrared spectra has been encountered. A large number of overlapping vibrational contributions influenced by anharmonic effects create complex patterns of spectral dependencies, in many cases hindering our comprehension of near-infrared spectra. Quantum mechanical calculations commonly serve as a major support to infrared and Raman studies; conversely, near-infrared spectroscopy has long been hindered in this regard due to practical limitations. Advances in anharmonic theories in hyphenation with ever-growing computer technology have enabled feasible theoretical near-infrared spectroscopy in recent times. Accordingly, a growing number of quantum mechanical investigations aimed at near-infrared region has been witnessed. The present review article summarizes these most recent accomplishments in the emerging field. Applications of generalized approaches, such as vibrational self-consistent field and vibrational second order perturbation theories as well as their derivatives, and dense grid-based studies of vibrational potential, are overviewed. Basic and applied studies are discussed, with special attention paid to the ones which aim at improving analytical spectroscopy. A remarkable potential arises from the growing applicability of anharmonic computations to solving the problems which arise in both basic and analytical near-infrared spectroscopy. This review highlights an increased value of quantum mechanical calculations to near-infrared spectroscopy in relation to other kinds of vibrational spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B Beć
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian W Huck
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Leopold-Franzens University, Innsbruck, Austria
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