1
|
Ferri P, Cnudde P, Moliner M, van Speybroeck V, Boronat M. Computational Modeling of the Mobility, Stability, and Al Positioning Ability of Cyclic Cationic Organic Structure-Directing Agents in AEI Zeolite. JACS AU 2025; 5:1471-1481. [PMID: 40151238 PMCID: PMC11938027 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.5c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2025] [Revised: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
The stability and mobility of a set of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) with different molecular geometries and charge distribution confined within the pear-like cavities of neutral and Al-containing models of AEI zeolites have been investigated by using static density functional theory calculations and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The objective is to identify the role of electrostatic interactions between the OSDAs' positive charge at N+ atoms and the anionic framework AlO4 - centers on the preferential stabilization of Al at specific crystallographic positions, opening the possibility to modulate the Al distribution in AEI zeolites. We find that several classical piperidinium-based OSDAs with diverse methyl-substituent patterns in the N-containing ring but a symmetrical charge distribution, as well as bulkier nonclassical azoniabicycle-heptane-based OSDAs with the positive charge asymmetrically located at one side of the molecule, behave similarly. All of them remain almost immobile at the center of the aei cavity along the simulations and always stabilize Al preferentially at the T1 crystallographic position. In contrast, an azabicyclo-octane-based OSDA with the positive charge located outside a cyclo-octane ring lacking substituents exhibits an enhanced mobility that includes full rotation within the aei cage and the ability to reach the regions of the cavity not accessible to the other OSDAs investigated. As a result, this highly mobile OSDA preferentially stabilizes Al in the T3 site, which might lead to differences in catalyst activity and stability for zeolite samples synthesized using this OSDA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Ferri
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center
for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Manuel Moliner
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida
de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ezenwa S, Gounder R. Advances and challenges in designing active site environments in zeolites for Brønsted acid catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:12118-12143. [PMID: 39344420 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc04728a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Zeolites contain proton active sites in diverse void environments that stabilize the reactive intermediates and transition states formed in converting hydrocarbons and oxygenates to chemicals and energy carriers. The catalytic diversity that exists among active sites in voids of varying sizes and shapes, even within a given zeolite topology, has motivated research efforts to position and quantify active sites within distinct voids (synthesis-structure) and to link active site environment to catalytic behavior (structure-reactivity). This Feature Article describes advances and challenges in controlling the position of framework Al centers and associated protons within distinct voids during zeolite synthesis or post-synthetic modification, in identifying and quantifying distinct active site environments using characterization techniques, and in determining the influence of active site environments on catalysis. During zeolite synthesis, organic structure directing agents (SDAs) influence Al substitution at distinct lattice positions via intermolecular interactions (e.g., electrostatics, hydrogen bonding) that depend on the size, structure, and charge distribution of organic SDAs and their mobility when confined within zeolitic voids. Complementary post-synthetic strategies to alter intrapore active site distributions include the selective removal of protons by differently-sized titrants or unreactive organic residues and the selective exchange of framework heteroatoms of different reactivities, but remain limited to certain zeolite frameworks. The ability to identify and quantify active sites within distinct intrapore environments depends on the resolution with which a given characterization technique can distinguish Al T-site positions or proton environments in a given zeolite framework. For proton sites in external unconfined environments, various (post-)synthetic strategies exist to control their amounts, with quantitative methods to distinguish them from internal sites that largely depend on using stoichiometric or catalytic probes that only interact with external sites. Protons in different environments influence reactivity by preferentially stabilizing larger transition states over smaller precursor states and influence selectivity by preferentially stabilizing or destabilizing competing transition states of varying sizes that share a common precursor state. We highlight opportunities to address challenges encountered in the design of active site environments in zeolites by closely integrating precise (post-)synthetic methods, validated characterization techniques, well-defined kinetic probes, and properly calibrated theoretical models. Further advances in understanding the molecular details that underlie synthesis-structure-reactivity relationships for active site environments in zeolite catalysis can accelerate the predictive design of tailored zeolites for desired catalytic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopuruchukwu Ezenwa
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chu W, Gao Y, Xie S, Li X, Xu L, Zhu X. Advances in the green and controllable synthesis of MWW zeolite. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9907-9917. [PMID: 39136102 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02617a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
MWW zeolite is one of the commercialized zeolites that shows great promise in heterogeneous catalysis and other interdisciplinary application fields due to its coexisting multi-channel system. The green and controllable synthesis of MWW zeolite is conducive to its more efficient and broader application. Many researchers focus on precisely controlling the dimension, interlayer hydroxyl condensation, and aluminum siting, as well as obtaining MWW with low-toxicity, readily available organic structure directing agents (OSDAs) or without OSDAs. This review summarizes recent advancements in the synthesis and application of MWW zeolite, with a particular emphasis on selecting different OSDAs, controlling the interlayer condensation degree and adjusting aluminum distribution. Future research directions and development trends of MWW zeolite are also forecasted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Sujuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiujie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Longya Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangxue Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ezenwa S, Montalvo-Castro H, Hoffman AJ, Locht H, Attebery J, Jan DY, Schmithorst M, Chmelka B, Hibbitts D, Gounder R. Synthetic Placement of Active Sites in MFI Zeolites for Selective Toluene Methylation to para-Xylene. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10666-10678. [PMID: 38573868 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Brønsted acidic zeolites are ubiquitous catalysts in fuel and chemical production. Broadening the catalytic diversity of a given zeolite requires strategies to manipulate the acid site placement at framework positions within distinct microporous locations. Here, we combine experiment and theory to elucidate how intermolecular interactions between organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs) and framework Al centers influence the placement of H+ sites in distinct void environments of MFI zeolites and demonstrate the catalytic consequences of active site location on kinetically controlled (403 K) toluene methylation to xylene regioisomers. Kinetic measurements, interpreted using mechanism-derived rate expressions and transition state theory, alongside density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that larger intersection environments similarly stabilize all three xylene isomer transition states without altering well-established aromatic substitution patterns (ortho/para/meta ∼ 60%:30%:10%), while smaller channel environments preferentially destabilize transition states that form bulkier ortho- and meta-isomers, thereby resulting in high intrinsic para-xylene selectivity (∼80%). DFT calculations reveal that the flexibility of nonconventional OSDAs (e.g., 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) to reorient within MFI intersections and their ability to hydrogen-bond to form protonated complexes favor the placement of Al in smaller channel environments compared to conventional quaternary OSDAs (e.g., tetra-n-propylammonium). These molecular-level insights establish a mechanistic link between OSDA structure, active site placement, and transition state stability in MFI zeolites and provide active site design strategies that are orthogonal to crystallite design approaches harnessing complex reaction-diffusion phenomena to enhance regioisomer selectivity in the industrial production of valuable polymer precursors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopuruchukwu Ezenwa
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Hansel Montalvo-Castro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Alexander J Hoffman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Huston Locht
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Jordan Attebery
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Deng-Yang Jan
- Honeywell UOP, Des Plaines, Illinois 60017, United States
| | - Michael Schmithorst
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Bradley Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - David Hibbitts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32608, United States
| | - Rajamani Gounder
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mallette AJ, Shilpa K, Rimer JD. The Current Understanding of Mechanistic Pathways in Zeolite Crystallization. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3416-3493. [PMID: 38484327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Zeolite catalysts and adsorbents have been an integral part of many commercial processes and are projected to play a significant role in emerging technologies to address the changing energy and environmental landscapes. The ability to rationally design zeolites with tailored properties relies on a fundamental understanding of crystallization pathways to strategically manipulate processes of nucleation and growth. The complexity of zeolite growth media engenders a diversity of crystallization mechanisms that can manifest at different synthesis stages. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of classical and nonclassical pathways associated with the formation of (alumino)silicate zeolites. We begin with a brief overview of zeolite history and seminal advancements, followed by a comprehensive discussion of different classes of zeolite precursors with respect to their methods of assembly and physicochemical properties. The following two sections provide detailed discussions of nucleation and growth pathways wherein we emphasize general trends and highlight specific observations for select zeolite framework types. We then close with conclusions and future outlook to summarize key hypotheses, current knowledge gaps, and potential opportunities to guide zeolite synthesis toward a more exact science.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Mallette
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kumari Shilpa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Z, Xiao D, Chen K, Lou C, Liang L, Xu S, Hou G. Identity, Evolution, and Acidity of Partially Framework-Coordinated Al Species in Zeolites Probed by TMP 31P-NMR and FTIR. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
7
|
Li J, Gao M, Yan W, Yu J. Regulation of the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites and their impact on properties. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1935-1959. [PMID: 36845940 PMCID: PMC9945477 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06010h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites are typically a class of crystalline microporous aluminosilicates that are constructed by SiO4 and AlO4 tetrahedra. Because of their unique porous structures, strong Brönsted acidity, molecular-level shape selectivity, exchangeable cations, and high thermal/hydrothermal stability, zeolites are widely used as catalysts, adsorbents, and ion-exchangers in industry. The activity, selectivity, and stability/durability of zeolites in applications are closely related to their Si/Al ratios and Al distributions in the framework. In this review, we discussed the basic principles and the state-of-the-art methodologies for regulating the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites, including seed-assisted recipe modification, interzeolite transformation, fluoride media, and usage of organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs), etc. The conventional and newly developed characterization methods for determining the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions were summarized, which include X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), solid state 29Si/27Al magic-angle-spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (29Si/27Al MAS NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), etc. The impact of Si/Al ratios and Al distributions on the catalysis, adsorption/separation, and ion-exchange performance of zeolites were subsequently demonstrated. Finally, we presented a perspective on the precise control of the Si/Al ratios and Al distributions of zeolites and the corresponding challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Wenfu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bernardo‐Maestro B, Li J, Pérez‐Pariente J, López‐Arbeloa F, Gómez‐Hortigüela L. Driving the Active Site Incorporation in Zeolitic Materials via the Organic Structure-Directing Agent Through Development of H-Bonds with Hydroxyl Groups. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200702. [PMID: 35510690 PMCID: PMC9400953 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
(1S,2S)-N-methyl-pseudoephedrine (MPS) was used as organic structure-directing agent (OSDA) for the synthesis of Mg-doped nanoporous aluminophosphates. This molecule displays a particular conformational behavior, where the presence of H-bond donor and acceptor groups provide a rigid conformational space with one asymmetric conformation preferentially occurring. MPS drives the crystallization of Mg-containing AFI materials. Characterization of these materials shows that the OSDA incorporate as protonated species, arranged as head-to-tail monomers. Combination of three-dimensional electron diffraction with high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction allowed to locate both the Mg and the organic species. Interestingly, results showed that the spatial incorporation of Mg is driven by the hydroxyl groups of the organic cation through the development of H-bonds with negatively-charged MgO4 tetrahedra. This work demonstrates that H-bond forming groups can be used to drive the spatial incorporation of low-valent dopants within zeolitic frameworks, a highly desired aim in order to control their catalytic activity and selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Bernardo‐Maestro
- Molecular Sieves GroupInstituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSICC/ Marie Curie 228049. MadridSpain
| | - Jian Li
- Berzelii Center EXSELENT on Porous MaterialsDepartment of Materials and Environmental ChemistryStockholm UniversityStockholm10691Sweden
| | - Joaquín Pérez‐Pariente
- Molecular Sieves GroupInstituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSICC/ Marie Curie 228049. MadridSpain
| | | | - Luis Gómez‐Hortigüela
- Molecular Sieves GroupInstituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSICC/ Marie Curie 228049. MadridSpain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fan B, Zhang W, Gao P, Hou G, Liu R, Xu S, Wei Y, Liu Z. Quantitatively Mapping the Distribution of Intrinsic Acid Sites in Mordenite Zeolite by High-Field 23Na Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5186-5194. [PMID: 35666100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It is of great significance to accurately quantify the Brønsted acid sites (BASs) at different positions of mordenite (MOR) zeolite. However, H-MOR obtained from Na-MOR can hardly avoid dealumination under hydrothermal conditions, which causes difficulty in the acid characterization. Herein, 23Na-27Al D-HMQC was performed combined with high-field 23Na MQ MAS NMR and DFT calculation, which provided an unambiguous attribution of the 23Na chemical shifts and further helped to improve the resolution of 27Al MAS NMR. By fitting the 23Na and 1H MAS NMR spectra of Na/H-MOR, the intrinsic BAS contents in different T-sites were measured by characterizing the location and content of sodium ions. These Na/H-MOR zeolites with various acid distributions were used for DME carbonylation and showed that the amount of BASs in the T3 site was proportional to the activity of carbonylation. This study provides a new method for investigating the intrinsic acid properties of zeolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benhan Fan
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wenna Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Pan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Guangjin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
| | - Rongsheng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Lower-Carbon Catalysis Technology, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang X, Chen W, Dong W, Liu Z, Yuan J, Xia H, Yi X, Zheng A. Framework aluminum distribution in ZSM-5 zeolite directed by organic structure-directing agents: a theoretical investigation. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
11
|
Toyoda H, Osuga R, Wang Y, Park S, Yazawa K, Gies H, Gilbert CJ, Yilmaz B, Kelkar CP, Yokoi T. Clarification of acid site location in MSE-type zeolites by spectroscopic approaches combined with catalytic activity: comparison between UZM-35 and MCM-68. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:4358-4365. [PMID: 35112119 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MSE-type zeolites synthesized by different organic structure-directing agents (OSDAs), UZM-35 and MCM-68, were prepared. The location of Brønsted acid sites derived from the framework Al atoms and acidic properties were investigated based on 27Al MQMAS NMR and in situ IR techniques combined with the evaluation of the catalytic activity. We have successfully found a significant difference in the location of Brønsted acid sites in the MSE-type framework; 61 and 33% of acid sites were located at the 12-ring channel for MCM-68 and UZM-35, respectively. The differences in the location of the acid sites yielded their unique catalytic activities for the hydrocarbon cracking reactions, indicating that a well-chosen type of OSDAs for the synthesis is one of the possibilities for controlling the distribution of the framework Al atoms in the MSE-type framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Toyoda
- Institute for Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Ryota Osuga
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Sungsik Park
- Institute for Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
| | - Koji Yazawa
- JEOL RESONANCE Inc., 3-1-2 Musashino, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8558, Japan
| | - Hermann Gies
- Institute of Geology, Mineralogy und Geophysics, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Christopher J Gilbert
- R&D Refining Catalysts, BASF Corporation, 25 Middlesex-Essex Turnpike, Iselin, 08830 Iselin, USA
| | - Bilge Yilmaz
- R&D Refining Catalysts, BASF Corporation, 25 Middlesex-Essex Turnpike, Iselin, 08830 Iselin, USA
| | - C P Kelkar
- R&D Refining Catalysts, BASF Corporation, 25 Middlesex-Essex Turnpike, Iselin, 08830 Iselin, USA
| | - Toshiyuki Yokoi
- Institute for Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan. .,Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu Q, Luan H, Xiao FS. OUP accepted manuscript. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac023. [PMID: 36128457 PMCID: PMC9477206 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qinming Wu
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huimin Luan
- Key Lab of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310007, China
| | | |
Collapse
|