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Fang N, Wu C, Zhang Y, Li Z, Zhou Z. Perspectives: Light Control of Magnetism and Device Development. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8600-8625. [PMID: 38469753 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Accurately controlling magnetic and spin states presents a significant challenge in spintronics, especially as demands for higher data storage density and increased processing speeds grow. Approaches such as light control are gradually supplanting traditional magnetic field methods. Traditionally, the modulation of magnetism was predominantly achieved through polarized light with the help of ultrafast light technologies. With the growing demand for energy efficiency and multifunctionality in spintronic devices, integrating photovoltaic materials into magnetoelectric systems has introduced more physical effects. This development suggests that sunlight will play an increasingly pivotal role in manipulating spin orientation in the future. This review introduces and concludes the influence of various light types on magnetism, exploring mechanisms such as magneto-optical (MO) effects, light-induced magnetic phase transitions, and spin photovoltaic effects. This review briefly summarizes recent advancements in the light control of magnetism, especially sunlight, and their potential applications, providing an optimistic perspective on future research directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Changqing Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yuzhe Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Zhongyu Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Ziyao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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2
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Bartram FM, Li M, Liu L, Xu Z, Wang Y, Che M, Li H, Wu Y, Xu Y, Zhang J, Yang S, Yang L. Real-time observation of magnetization and magnon dynamics in a two-dimensional topological antiferromagnet MnBi 2Te 4. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2023; 68:2734-2742. [PMID: 37863774 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin van der Waals magnetic materials have not only provided a fertile playground to explore basic physics in the two-dimensional (2D) limit but also created vast opportunities for novel ultrafast functional devices. Here we systematically investigate ultrafast magnetization dynamics and spin wave dynamics in few-layer topological antiferromagnetic MnBi2Te4 crystals as a function of layer number, temperature, and magnetic field. We find laser-induced (de)magnetization processes can be used to accurately track the distinct magnetic states in different magnetic field regimes, including showing clear odd-even layer number effects. In addition, strongly field-dependent AFM magnon modes with tens of gigahertz frequencies are optically generated and directly observed in the time domain. Remarkably, we find that magnetization and magnon dynamics can be observed in not only the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect but also the time resolved reflectivity, indicating strong correlation between the magnetic state and electronic structure. These measurements present the first comprehensive overview of ultrafast spin dynamics in this novel 2D antiferromagnet, paving the way for potential applications in 2D antiferromagnetic spintronics and magnonics as well as further studies of ultrafast control of both magnetization and topological quantum states.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Michael Bartram
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liangyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mengqian Che
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hao Li
- Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; College of Math and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China; RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Luyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A7, Canada; Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing 100084, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China.
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3
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Deng H, Zhang Y, Yang X, Yu Q, Wang P, Yang Z, Dai Y, Pang X, Wang X, Wu J, Zhou P. Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi 2Te 4 Nanosheets for Femtosecond Pulse Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47250-47259. [PMID: 37751475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The van der Waals layered material MnBi2Te4, as a magnetic topological insulator, has attracted tremendous interest for novel physics research in the fields of condensed matter physics and materials science. However, the nonlinear optical properties of MnBi2Te4 and its applications in ultrafast optics have rarely been explored. In this study, high-quality MnBi2Te4 nanosheets have been successfully synthesized by the self-flux method. The morphology, chemical composition, magnetic properties, and nonlinear optical characteristics were systematically investigated. The magnetic transition of MnBi2Te4 was confirmed by a low-temperature spatially resolved spectroscopic technique. The saturable absorption property of MnBi2Te4 was measured by a balanced twin-detector system with a modulation depth of 4.5% and a saturation optical intensity of 2.35 GW/cm2. Furthermore, by inserting the MnBi2Te4-based saturable absorber, a soliton mode-locking laser operating at 1558.8 nm was obtained with a pulse duration of 331 fs. This research will pave the way for applications of the magnetic TI MnBi2Te4 in nonlinear optics and photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Deng
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- i-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215125, China
| | - Xiaoxin Yang
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- i-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215125, China
| | - Pengdong Wang
- Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zixin Yang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Yongping Dai
- i-Lab & Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications & Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215125, China
- Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiuyang Pang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Pu Zhou
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
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Blank TGH, Grishunin KA, Zvezdin KA, Hai NT, Wu JC, Su SH, Huang JCA, Zvezdin AK, Kimel AV. Two-Dimensional Terahertz Spectroscopy of Nonlinear Phononics in the Topological Insulator MnBi_{2}Te_{4}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:026902. [PMID: 37505956 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.026902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of a single-cycle terahertz electric field with the topological insulator MnBi_{2}Te_{4} triggers strongly anharmonic lattice dynamics, promoting fully coherent energy transfer between the otherwise noninteracting Raman-active E_{g} and infrared (IR)-active E_{u} phononic modes. Two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy combined with modeling based on the classical equations of motion and symmetry analysis reveals the multistage process underlying the excitation of the Raman-active E_{g} phonon. In this nonlinear combined photophononic process, the terahertz electric field first prepares a coherent IR-active E_{u} phononic state and subsequently interacts with this state to efficiently excite the E_{g} phonon.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G H Blank
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - K A Grishunin
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - K A Zvezdin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- HSE University, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - N T Hai
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - J C Wu
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - S-H Su
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - J-C A Huang
- Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - A K Zvezdin
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- New Spintonic Technologies LLC, 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Kimel
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands
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5
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Lin JY, Chen ZJ, Cao Z, Zeng J, Yang XB, Yao Y, Zhao YJ. Multiple Magnetic Topological Phases in the van der Waals Crystal Mn(Bi,Sb) 4Se 7. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3913-3919. [PMID: 37074983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic topological materials have drawn markedly attention recently due to the strong coupling of their novel topological properties and magnetic configurations. In particular, the MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family highlights the researches of multiple magnetic topological materials. Via first-principles calculations, we predict that Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7, the close relatives of MnBi2Te4/(Bi2Te3)n family, are topological nontrivival in both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic configurations. In the antiferromagnetic ground state, Mn(Bi, Sb)4Se7 are simultaneously topological insulators and axion insulators. Massless Dirac surface states emerge on the surfaces parallel to the z axis. In ferromagnetic phases, they are axion insulators. Particularly, when the magnetization direction is along the x axis, they are also topological crystalline insulators. Mirror-symmetry-protected gapless surface states exist on the mirror-invariant surfaces. Hence, the behaviors of surface states are strongly dependent on the magnetization directions and surface orientations. Our work provides more opportunities for the study of magnetic topological physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yi Lin
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Jia Chen
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
| | - Zhipeng Cao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiarui Zeng
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Bao Yang
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jun Zhao
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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Ergeçen E, Ilyas B, Kim J, Park J, Yilmaz MB, Luo T, Xiao D, Okamoto S, Park JG, Gedik N. Coherent detection of hidden spin-lattice coupling in a van der Waals antiferromagnet. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2208968120. [PMID: 36917673 PMCID: PMC10041062 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208968120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Strong interactions between different degrees of freedom lead to exotic phases of matter with complex order parameters and emergent collective excitations. Conventional techniques, such as scattering and transport, probe the amplitudes of these excitations, but they are typically insensitive to phase. Therefore, novel methods with phase sensitivity are required to understand ground states with phase modulations and interactions that couple to the phase of collective modes. Here, by performing phase-resolved coherent phonon spectroscopy (CPS), we reveal a hidden spin-lattice coupling in a vdW antiferromagnet FePS3 that eluded other phase-insensitive conventional probes, such as Raman and X-ray scattering. With comparative analysis and analytical calculations, we directly show that the magnetic order in FePS3 selectively couples to the trigonal distortions through partially filled t2g orbitals. This magnetoelastic coupling is linear in magnetic order and lattice parameters, rendering these distortions inaccessible to inelastic scattering techniques. Our results not only capture the elusive spin-lattice coupling in FePS3 but also establish phase-resolved CPS as a tool to investigate hidden interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Ergeçen
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Batyr Ilyas
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaena Park
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mehmet Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Tianchuang Luo
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Di Xiao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Satoshi Okamoto
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN37831
| | - Je-Geun Park
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nuh Gedik
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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Lujan D, Choe J, Rodriguez-Vega M, Ye Z, Leonardo A, Nunley TN, Chang LJ, Lee SF, Yan J, Fiete GA, He R, Li X. Magnons and magnetic fluctuations in atomically thin MnBi2Te4. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2527. [PMID: 35534477 PMCID: PMC9085848 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29996-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electron band topology is combined with intrinsic magnetic orders in MnBi2Te4, leading to novel quantum phases. Here we investigate collective spin excitations (i.e. magnons) and spin fluctuations in atomically thin MnBi2Te4 flakes using Raman spectroscopy. In a two-septuple layer with non-trivial topology, magnon characteristics evolve as an external magnetic field tunes the ground state through three ordered phases: antiferromagnet, canted antiferromagnet, and ferromagnet. The Raman selection rules are determined by both the crystal symmetry and magnetic order while the magnon energy is determined by different interaction terms. Using non-interacting spin-wave theory, we extract the spin-wave gap at zero magnetic field, an anisotropy energy, and interlayer exchange in bilayers. We also find magnetic fluctuations increase with reduced thickness, which may contribute to a less robust magnetic order in single layers. MnBi2Te4, referred to as MBT, is a van der Waals material combining topological electron bands with magnetic order. Here, Lujan et al study collective spin excitations in MBT, and show that magnetic fluctuations increase as samples reduce in thickness, implying less robust magnetic order.
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