1
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Cheng F, Pavliuk O, Hardt S, Hunt LA, Cai B, Kubart T, Hammarström L, Plumeré N, Berggren G, Tian H. Embedding biocatalysts in a redox polymer enhances the performance of dye-sensitized photocathodes in bias-free photoelectrochemical water splitting. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3202. [PMID: 38615087 PMCID: PMC11016092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrodes consisting of photosensitizers and molecular catalysts with tunable structures and adjustable energy levels are attractive for low-cost and eco-friendly solar-assisted synthesis of energy rich products. Despite these advantages, dye-sensitized NiO photocathodes suffer from severe electron-hole recombination and facile molecule detachment, limiting photocurrent and stability in photoelectrochemical water-splitting devices. In this work, we develop an efficient and robust biohybrid dye-sensitized NiO photocathode, in which the intermolecular charge transfer is enhanced by a redox polymer. Owing to efficient assisted electron transfer from the dye to the catalyst, the biohybrid NiO photocathode showed a satisfactory photocurrent of 141±17 μA·cm-2 at neutral pH at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode and a stable continuous output within 5 h. This photocathode is capable of driving overall water splitting in combination with a bismuth vanadate photoanode, showing distinguished solar-to-hydrogen efficiency among all reported water-splitting devices based on dye-sensitized photocathodes. These findings demonstrate the opportunity of building green biohybrid systems for artificial synthesis of solar fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangwen Cheng
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 521, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olha Pavliuk
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Steffen Hardt
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Leigh Anna Hunt
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 521, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bin Cai
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 521, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Kubart
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Solid-State Electronics, Uppsala University, Box 65, 75103, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 521, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Plumeré
- TUM Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Uferstrasse 53, 94315, Straubing, Germany.
| | - Gustav Berggren
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry─Ångström laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 521, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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2
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Bouwens T, Bakker TMA, Zhu K, Huijser A, Mathew S, Reek JNH. Rotaxane-Functionalized Dyes for Charge-Rectification in p-Type Photoelectrochemical Devices. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306032. [PMID: 38110821 PMCID: PMC10916627 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
A supramolecular photovoltaic strategy is applied to enhance power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of photoelectrochemical devices by suppressing electron-hole recombination after photoinduced electron transfer (PET). Here, the author exploit supramolecular localization of the redox mediator-in close proximity to the dye-through a rotaxane topology, reducing electron-hole recombination in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs). Dye PRotaxane features 1,5-dioxynaphthalene recognition sites (DNP-arms) with a mechanically-interlocked macrocyclic redox mediator naphthalene diimide macrocycle (3-NDI-ring), stoppering synthetically via click chemistry. The control molecule PStopper has stoppered DNP-arms, preventing rotaxane formation with the 3-NDI-ring. Transient absorption and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy studies show ultrafast (211 ± 7 fs and 2.92 ± 0.05 ps) PET from the dye-moiety of PRotaxane to its mechanically interlocked 3-NDI-ring-acceptor, slowing down the electron-hole recombination on NiO surfaces compared to the analogue . p-DSSCs employing PRotaxane (PCE = 0.07%) demonstrate a 30% PCE increase compared to PStopper (PCE = 0.05%) devices, combining enhancements in both open-circuit voltages (VOC = 0.43 vs 0.36 V) and short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC = -0.39 vs -0.34 mA cm-2 ). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy shows that PRotaxane devices exhibit hole lifetimes (τh ) approaching 1 s, a 16-fold improvement compared to traditional I- /I3 - -based systems (τh = 50 ms), demonstrating the benefits obtained upon nanoengineering of interfacial dye-regeneration at the photocathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessel Bouwens
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 904Amsterdam1098 XHThe Netherlands
| | - Tijmen M. A. Bakker
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 904Amsterdam1098 XHThe Netherlands
| | - Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O. Box 217Enschede7500 AEThe Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis GroupMESA+ Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of TwenteP.O. Box 217Enschede7500 AEThe Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 904Amsterdam1098 XHThe Netherlands
| | - Joost N. H. Reek
- van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 904Amsterdam1098 XHThe Netherlands
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3
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Zhu K, Einhaus LM, Mul G, Huijser A. Photophysical Study on the Effect of the External Potential on NiO-Based Photocathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5217-5224. [PMID: 38235571 PMCID: PMC10835655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the effects of the applied external potential on a dye-sensitized NiO photocathode by time-resolved photoluminescence and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy under operating conditions. Instead of the anticipated acceleration of photoinduced hole injection from dye into NiO at a more negative applied potential, we observe that both hole injection and charge recombination are slowed down. We cautiously assign this effect to a variation in OH- ion concentration in the inner Helmholtz plane of the electrochemical double layer with applied potential, warranting further investigation for the realization of efficient solar fuel devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne M. Einhaus
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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4
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Zhu K, Mul G, Huijser A. CuBO 2 : A Potential Alternative for NiO as a Hole Acceptor Layer. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202300800. [PMID: 37706622 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
P-type metal oxides, and in particular NiO, are typically used as hole accepting layers in dye-sensitized photocathodes. Delafossites (CuMO2 ) with M=B, Al, Cr or Ga have recently been proposed as attractive substitutes for NiO, with theoretically a higher hole mobility than NiO, therefore allowing a higher efficiency when the photocathode is applied in solar to fuel devices. We have experimentally validated the photoelectrochemical performance of photocathodes consisting of nanoporous CuBO2 (CBO) on Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide substrates, photosensitized with a light absorbing P1 dye. Femtosecond transient absorption and time-resolved photoluminescence studies show that light-induced hole injection occurs from the P1 dye into the CBO in a few ps, comparable to the time constant observed for NiO-based photocathodes. Importantly, the CBO-based photocathode shows significantly slower charge recombination than the NiO-based analogue. These results illustrate the promise of CBO as a p-type semiconductor in solar energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede (The, Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede (The, Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede (The, Netherlands
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5
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Tang K, Shao JY, Zhong YW. A Multi-Pyridine-Anchored and -Linked Bilayer Photocathode for Water Reduction. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302663. [PMID: 37782056 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient photocathodes is of critical importance for the constructions of promising tandem photo-electrochemical cells. Most known dye-sensitized photocathodes are prepared with the conventional carboxylic or phosphonic acid anchors and require the presence of other terminal linking groups to connect catalysts; they suffer from high synthetic difficulty and low adsorption stability in aqueous media. Here, a compact bilayer photocathode has been prepared by using a pyrene-based photosensitizer with multiple terminal pyridine moieties as both the anchoring and linking groups to connect a Co hydrogen-evolution catalyst to the NiO substrate. The catalyst and dye molecule are assembled in a layer-by-layer manner on NiO through the metal-pyridine coordination. This photocathode exhibits good dye adsorption stability in aqueous media. A stable cathodic photocurrent of 70 μA cm-2 was achieved, with H2 being generated at the photocathode under the visible-light irradiation. The Faraday efficiency of H2 evolution was estimated to be 9.1 %. Transient absorption spectral studies suggest that the interfacial hole transfer occurs within a few picoseconds. The integration of the organic photosensitizer with pyridine anchoring and linking groups is expected to provide a simple method for the fabrication of stable and efficient photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Photochemistry Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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6
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Ye C, Cheng H, Wrede S, Diring S, Tian H, Odobel F, Hammarström L. Charge Recombination Deceleration by Lateral Transfer of Electrons in Dye-Sensitized NiO Photocathode. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11067-11073. [PMID: 37191461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Control of charge separation and recombination is critical for dye-sensitized solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells, and for p-type cells, the latter process limits their photovoltaic performance. We speculated that the lateral electron hopping between dyes on a p-type semiconductor surface can effectively separate electrons and holes in space and retard recombination. Thus, device designs where lateral electron hopping is promoted can lead to enhanced cell performance. Herein, we present an indirect proof by involving a second dye to monitor the effect of electron hopping after hole injection into the semiconductor. In mesoporous NiO films sensitized with peryleneimide (PMI) or naphthalene diimide (NDI) dyes, dye excitation led to ultrafast hole injection into NiO from either excited PMI* (τ < 200 fs) or NDI* (τ = 1.2 ps). In cosensitized films, surface electron transfer from PMI- to NDI was rapid (τ = 24 ps). Interestingly, the subsequent charge recombination (ps-μs) with NiO holes was much slower when NDI- was generated by electron transfer from PMI- than when NDI was excited directly. We therefore indicate that the charge recombination is slowed down after the charge hopping from the original PMI sites to the NDI sites. The experimental results supported our hypothesis and revealed important information on the charge carrier kinetics for the dye-sensitized NiO photoelectrode system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ye
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Haoliang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Sina Wrede
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Stéphane Diring
- CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
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7
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Using supramolecular machinery to engineer directional charge propagation in photoelectrochemical devices. Nat Chem 2023; 15:213-221. [PMID: 36302868 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular photoelectrochemical devices are hampered by electron-hole recombination after photoinduced electron transfer, causing losses in power conversion efficiency. Inspired by natural photosynthesis, we demonstrate the use of supramolecular machinery as a strategy to inhibit recombination through an organization of molecular components that enables unbinding of the final electron acceptor upon reduction. We show that preorganization of a macrocyclic electron acceptor to a dye yields a pseudorotaxane that undergoes a fast (completed within ~50 ps) 'ring-launching' event upon electron transfer from the dye to the macrocycle, releasing the anionic macrocycle and thus reducing charge recombination. Implementing this system into p-type dye-sensitized solar cells yielded a 16-fold and 5-fold increase in power conversion efficiency compared to devices based on the two control dyes that are unable to facilitate pseudorotaxane formation. The active repulsion of the anionic macrocycle with concomitant reformation of a neutral pseudorotaxane complex circumvents recombination at both the semiconductor-electrolyte and semiconductor-dye interfaces, enabling a threefold enhancement in hole lifetime.
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8
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Lalaoui N, Abdellah M, Materna KL, Xu B, Tian H, Thapper A, Sa J, Hammarström L, Ott S. Gold nanoparticle-based supramolecular approach for dye-sensitized H 2-evolving photocathodes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15716-15724. [PMID: 36177940 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar conversion of water into the storable energy carrier H2 can be achieved through photoelectrochemical water splitting using light adsorbing anodes and cathodes bearing O2 and H2 evolving catalysts, respectively. Herein a novel photocathode nanohybrid system is reported. This photocathode consists of a dye-sensitized p-type nickel oxide (NiO) with a perylene-based chromophore (PCA) and a tetra-adamantane modified cobaloxime reduction catalyst (Co) that photo-reduces aqueous protons to H2. An original supramolecular approach was employed, using β-cyclodextrin functionalized gold nanoparticles (β-CD-AuNPs) to link the alkane chain of the PCA dye to the adamantane moieties of the cobaloxime catalyst (Co). This new architecture was investigated by photoelectrochemical measurements and via femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy. The results show that irradiation of the complete NiO|PCA|β-CD-AuNPs|Co electrode leads to ultrafast hole injection into NiO (π = 3 ps) from the excited dye, followed by rapid reduction of the catalyst, and finally H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Lalaoui
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, UMR CNRS 5250, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Kelly L Materna
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jacinto Sa
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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9
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Zhu K, Frehan SK, Mul G, Huijser A. Dual Role of Surface Hydroxyl Groups in the Photodynamics and Performance of NiO-Based Photocathodes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11010-11018. [PMID: 35675488 PMCID: PMC9228059 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells containing photocathodes based on functionalized NiO show a promising solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency. Here, we present mechanistic understanding of the photoinduced charge transfer processes occurring at the photocathode/electrolyte interface. We demonstrate via advanced photophysical characterization that surface hydroxyl groups formed at the NiO/water interface not only promote photoinduced hole transfer from the dye into NiO, but also enhance the rate of charge recombination. Both processes are significantly slower when the photocathode is exposed to dry acetonitrile, while in air an intermediate behavior is observed. These data suggest that highly efficient devices can be developed by balancing the quantity of surface hydroxyl groups of NiO, and presumably of other p-type metal oxide semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Sean Kotaro Frehan
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
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10
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Seddon AA, Karlsson JKG, Gibson EA, O’Reilly L, Kaufmann M, Vos JG, Pryce MT. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Using Dye-Sensitised Nickel Oxide : Environmental effects and photocatalyst design considerations. JOHNSON MATTHEY TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1595/205651322x16269403109779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalysis offers a way to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water under ambient light. Here, a series of hydrogen evolving photocatalysts based on a ruthenium(II) bipyridyl sensitiser covalently linked to platinum or palladium catalytic centres were adsorbed onto mesoporous
nickel oxide and tested for hydrogen evolution in a photoelectrochemical half-cell. The electrolyte buffer was varied and certain catalysts performed better at pH 7 than pH 3 (for example, PC3 with photocurrent density = 8 μA cm‐2), which is encouraging for coupling with
an oxygen evolving photoanode in tandem water splitting devices. The molecular catalysts were surprisingly robust when integrated into devices, but the overall performance appears to be limited by rapid recombination at the photocatalyst|NiO interface. Our findings provide further insight
towards basic design principles for hydrogen evolving photoelectrochemical systems and guidelines for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A. Seddon
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Joshua K. G. Karlsson
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Laura O’Reilly
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Martin Kaufmann
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Johannes G. Vos
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Mary T. Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
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11
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Müller C, Friedländer I, Bagemihl B, Rau S, Dietzek-Ivanšić B. The electron that breaks the catalyst's back - excited state dynamics in intermediates of molecular photocatalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27397-27403. [PMID: 34859807 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04498b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ spectroelectrochemical studies focussing on the Franck-Condon region and sub-ns electron transfer processes in Ru(II)-tpphz-Pt(II) based photocatalysts reveal that single-electron reduction effectively hinders intramolecular electron transfer between the photoexcited Ru chromophore and the Pt center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Müller
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse Friedländer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bagemihl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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12
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Materna KL, Hammarström L. Photoredox Catalysis Using Heterogenized Iridium Complexes*. Chemistry 2021; 27:16966-16977. [PMID: 34137473 PMCID: PMC9292873 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Heterogenized photoredox catalysts provide a path for sustainable chemical synthesis using highly tunable, reusable constructs. Here, heterogenized iridium complexes as photoredox catalysts were assembled via covalent attachment to metal oxide surfaces (ITO, ZrO2 , Al2 O3 ) in thin film or nanopowder constructs. The goal was to understand which materials provided the most promising constructs for catalysis. To do this, reductive dehalogenation of bromoacetophenone to acetophenone was studied as a test reaction for system optimization. All catalyst constructs produced acetophenone with high conversions and yields with the fastest reactions complete in fifteen minutes using Al2 O3 supports. The nanopowder catalysts resulted in faster and more efficient catalysis, while the thin film catalysts were more robust and easily reused. Importantly, the thin film constructs show promise for future photoelectrochemical and electrochemical photoredox setups. Finally, all catalysts were reusable 2-3 times, performing at least 1000 turnovers (Al2 O3 ), demonstrating that heterogenized catalysts are a sustainable catalyst alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Materna
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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14
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Giannoudis E, Bold S, Müller C, Schwab A, Bruhnke J, Queyriaux N, Gablin C, Leonard D, Saint-Pierre C, Gasparutto D, Aldakov D, Kupfer S, Artero V, Dietzek B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Hydrogen Production at a NiO Photocathode Based on a Ruthenium Dye-Cobalt Diimine Dioxime Catalyst Assembly: Insights from Advanced Spectroscopy and Post-operando Characterization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49802-49815. [PMID: 34637266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of hydrogen by efficient, low-cost, and integrated photoelectrochemical water splitting processes represents an important target for the ecological transition. This challenge can be addressed thanks to bioinspired chemistry and artificial photosynthesis approaches by designing dye-sensitized photocathodes for hydrogen production, incorporating bioinspired first-row transition metal-based catalysts. The present work describes the preparation and photoelectrochemical characterization of a NiO photocathode sensitized with a phosphonate-derivatized ruthenium tris-diimine photosensitizer covalently linked to a cobalt diimine dioxime hydrogen-evolving catalyst. Under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation, hydrogen is produced with photocurrent densities reaching 84 ± 7 μA·cm-2, which is among the highest values reported so far for dye-sensitized photocathodes with surface-immobilized catalysts. Thanks to the unique combination of advanced spectroscopy and surface characterization techniques, the fast desorption of the dyad from the NiO electrode and the low yield of electron transfer to the catalyst, resulting in the Co demetallation from the diimine dioxime framework, were identified as the main barriers limiting the performances and the stability of the system. This work therefore paves the way for a more rational design of molecular photocathodes for solar fuel production and represents a further step toward the development of sustainable processes for the production of hydrogen from sunlight and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Giannoudis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sebastian Bold
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Schwab
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jakob Bruhnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nicolas Queyriaux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Didier Leonard
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Didier Gasparutto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dmitry Aldakov
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Vincent Artero
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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15
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Zhu K, Frehan SK, Jaros AM, O’Neill DB, Korterik JP, Wenderich K, Mul G, Huijser A. Unraveling the Mechanisms of Beneficial Cu-Doping of NiO-Based Photocathodes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:16049-16058. [PMID: 34484551 PMCID: PMC8411848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical (DSPEC) water splitting is an attractive approach to convert and store solar energy into chemical bonds. However, the solar conversion efficiency of a DSPEC cell is typically low due to a poor performance of the photocathode. Here, we demonstrate that Cu-doping improves the performance of a functionalized NiO-based photocathode significantly. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments show longer-lived photoinduced charge separation for the Cu:NiO-based photocathode relative to the undoped analogue. We present a photophysical model that distinguishes between surface and bulk charge recombination, with the first process (∼10 ps) occurring more than 1 order of magnitude faster than the latter. The longer-lived photoinduced charge separation in the Cu:NiO-based photocathode likely originates from less dominant surface recombination and an increased probability for holes to escape into the bulk and to be transported to the electrical contact of the photocathode. Cu-doping of NiO shows promise to suppress detrimental surface charge recombination and to realize more efficient photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sean K. Frehan
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M. Jaros
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Devin B. O’Neill
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P. Korterik
- Optical
Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Wenderich
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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16
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Pati PB, Abdellah M, Diring S, Hammarström L, Odobel F. Molecular Triad Containing a TEMPO Catalyst Grafted on Mesoporous Indium Tin Oxide as a Photoelectrocatalytic Anode for Visible Light-Driven Alcohol Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:2902-2913. [PMID: 33973386 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical cells based on semiconductors are among the most studied methods of artificial photosynthesis. This study concerns the immobilization, on a mesoporous conducting indium tin oxide electrode (nano-ITO), of a molecular triad (NDADI-P-Ru-TEMPO) composed of a ruthenium tris-bipyridine complex (Ru) as photosensitizer, connected at one end to 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine N-oxyl (TEMPO) as alcohol oxidation catalyst and at the other end to the electron acceptor naphthalenedicarboxyanhydride dicarboximide (NDADI). Light irradiation of NDADI-P-Ru-TEMPO grafted to nano-ITO in a pH 10 carbonate buffer effects selective oxidation of para-methoxybenzyl alcohol (MeO-BA) to para-methoxybenzaldehyde with a TON of approximately 150 after 1 h of photolysis at a bias of 0.4 V vs. SCE. The faradaic efficiency is found to be of 80±5 %. The photophysical study indicates that photoinduced electron transfer from the Ru complex to NDADI is a slow process and must compete with direct electron injection into ITO to have a better performing system. This work sheds light on some of the important ways to design more efficient molecular systems for the preparation of photoelectrocatalytic cells based on catalyst-dye-acceptor arrays immobilized on conducting electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palas Baran Pati
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523, Qena, Egypt
| | - Stéphane Diring
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, 44000, Nantes, France
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17
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Wahyuono RA, Braumüller M, Bold S, Amthor S, Nauroozi D, Plentz J, Wächtler M, Rau S, Dietzek B. Localizing the initial excitation - A case study on NiO photocathodes using Ruthenium dipyridophenazine complexes as sensitizers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 252:119507. [PMID: 33578124 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the localization of the initially excited electronic state within the molecular framework of a series of [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ derivatives (bpy:2,2'-bipyridine, dppz: dipyrido-phenazine) as sensitizers in NiO based photocathodes. The introduction of conjugated linkers with phenylene and triazole moieties in the bpy ligand sphere separates the NiO surface from the metal center and hence is considered to stabilize the charge separated state, which results from light-driven hole injection. However, introduction of the conjugated linkers also alters the localization of the excess electron density in the excited state within the ligand sphere and impacts the extent to which the charge-separated state is formed. The study emphasizes that tuning the ligand with the lowest-energy π* orbital distal or proximal to the NiO surface significantly affects the initial charge-separation and the solar cell performance. The stability of the charge-separated state correlates with the observed photocurrents in dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, the study challenges the widely accepted concept that the introduction of extended anchoring groups, i.e. increasing Ru - NiO distance, stabilizes the charge-separated state and suppresses charge recombination at the metal-oxide molecule interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruri Agung Wahyuono
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Sukolilo, 60111 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Markus Braumüller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bold
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sebastian Amthor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Djawed Nauroozi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonathan Plentz
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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18
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Bold S, Massin J, Giannoudis E, Koepf M, Artero V, Dietzek B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Spectroscopic Investigations Provide a Rationale for the Hydrogen-Evolving Activity of Dye-Sensitized Photocathodes Based on a Cobalt Tetraazamacrocyclic Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bold
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Julien Massin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanouil Giannoudis
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Koepf
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Photocathodes beyond NiO: charge transfer dynamics in a π-conjugated polymer functionalized with Ru photosensitizers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2787. [PMID: 33531588 PMCID: PMC7854750 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A conductive polymer (poly(p-phenylenevinylene), PPV) was covalently modified with RuII complexes to develop an all-polymer photocathode as a conceptual alternative to dye-sensitized NiO, which is the current state-of-the-art photocathode in solar fuels research. Photocathodes require efficient light-induced charge-transfer processes and we investigated these processes within our photocathodes using spectroscopic and spectro-electrochemical techniques. Ultrafast hole-injection dynamics in the polymer were investigated by transient absorption spectroscopy and charge transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface was examined with chopped-light chronoamperometry. Light-induced hole injection from the photosensitizers into the PPV backbone was observed within 10 ps and the resulting charge-separated state (CSS) recombined within ~ 5 ns. This is comparable to CSS lifetimes of conventional NiO-photocathodes. Chopped-light chronoamperometry indicates enhanced charge-transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface upon sensitization of the PPV with the RuII complexes and p-type behavior of the photocathode. The results presented here show that the polymer backbone behaves like classical molecularly sensitized NiO photocathodes and operates as a hole accepting semiconductor. This in turn demonstrates the feasibility of all-polymer photocathodes for application in solar energy conversion.
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20
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Huang J, Sun J, Wu Y, Turro C. Dirhodium(II,II)/NiO Photocathode for Photoelectrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution with Red Light. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1610-1617. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Jiaonan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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21
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Tian L, Tyburski R, Wen C, Sun R, Abdellah M, Huang J, D'Amario L, Boschloo G, Hammarström L, Tian H. Understanding the Role of Surface States on Mesoporous NiO Films. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18668-18678. [PMID: 33063996 PMCID: PMC7596758 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Surface
states of mesoporous NiO semiconductor films have particular
properties differing from the bulk and are able to dramatically influence
the interfacial electron transfer and adsorption of chemical species.
To achieve a better performance of NiO-based p-type dye-sensitized
solar cells (p-DSCs), the function of the surface states has to be
understood. In this paper, we applied a modified atomic layer deposition
procedure that is able to passivate 72% of the surface states on NiO
by depositing a monolayer of Al2O3. This provides
us with representative control samples to study the functions of the
surface states on NiO films. A main conclusion is that surface states,
rather than the bulk, are mainly responsible for the conductivity
in mesoporous NiO films. Furthermore, surface states significantly
affect dye regeneration (with I–/I3– as redox couple) and hole transport in NiO-based p-DSCs.
A new dye regeneration mechanism is proposed in which electrons are
transferred from reduced dye molecules to intra-bandgap states, and
then to I3– species. The intra-bandgap
states here act as catalysts to assist I3– reduction. A more complete mechanism is suggested to understand
the particular hole transport behavior in p-DSCs, in which the hole
transport time is independent of light intensity. This is ascribed
to the percolation hole hopping on the surface states. When the concentration
of surface states was significantly reduced, the light-independent
charge transport behavior in pristine NiO-based p-DSCs transformed
into having an exponential dependence on light intensity, similar
to that observed in TiO2-based n-type DSCs. These conclusions
on the function of surface states provide new insight into the electronic
properties of mesoporous NiO films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robin Tyburski
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chenyu Wen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE75121 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Luca D'Amario
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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22
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Materna K, Beiler AM, Thapper A, Ott S, Tian H, Hammarström L. Understanding the Performance of NiO Photocathodes with Alkyl-Derivatized Cobalt Catalysts and a Push-Pull Dye. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:31372-31381. [PMID: 32538612 PMCID: PMC7467559 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mesoporous NiO photocathodes containing the push-pull dye PB6 and alkyl-derivatized cobaloxime catalysts were prepared using surface amide couplings and analyzed for photocatalytic proton reduction catalysis. The length of the alkyl linker used to derivatize the cobalt catalysts was found to correlate to the photocurrent with the highest photocurrent observed using shorter alkyl linkers but the lowest one for samples without linker. The alkyl linkers were also helpful in slowing dye-NiO charge recombination. Photoelectrochemical measurements and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic measurements suggested electron transfer to the surface-immobilized catalysts occurred; however, H2 evolution was not observed. Based on UV-vis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, the cobalt catalyst appeared to be limiting the photocathode performance mainly via cobalt demetallation from the oxime ligand. This study highlights the need for a deeper understanding of the effect of catalyst molecular design on photocathode performance.
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23
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Wahyuono RA, Amthor S, Müller C, Rau S, Dietzek B. Structure of Diethyl‐Phosphonic Acid Anchoring Group Affects the Charge‐Separated State on an Iridium(III) Complex Functionalized NiO Surface. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruri Agung Wahyuono
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sebastian Amthor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUniversity Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUniversity Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Department Functional InterfacesLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V. Albert-Einstein-Straße 9 07745 Jena Germany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller University Jena Helmholtzweg 4 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC)Friedrich Schiller University Jena Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
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24
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Qu J, Fan Z, Mira H, Wang J, Abdelkader AM, Ding S. Hierarchical NiO/CMK-3 Photocathode for a p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell with Improved Photoelectrochemical Performance and Fast Hole Transfer. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25071638. [PMID: 32252410 PMCID: PMC7181050 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sluggish photoelectrochemical performance of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSSCs) has hindered its commercial use. In this work, we introduce a novel hierarchical nanocomposite of NiO nanoparticles anchored on highly ordered mesoporous carbons CMK-3 (NiO/CMK-3). Using CMK-3 as a backbone effectively prevented the self-aggregation of NiO nanoparticles and subsequently increased the total specific surface area of the composite for more dye adsorption. The interconnected conductive networks of CMK-3 also served as a split-flow high-speed channel, which was beneficial for hole spin-flow to accelerate hole transfer. The hierarchical NiO/CMK-3 photocathode improved the photovoltaic conversion efficiency to 1.48% in a cell with a Cobalt(II)/(III) electrolyte and a PMI-6T-TPA dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China;
| | - Zhaoyang Fan
- Xi′an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (J.W.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Hamed Mira
- Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo 11381, Egypt;
| | - Jianan Wang
- Xi′an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (J.W.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Amor M. Abdelkader
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK
- Correspondence: (Z.F.); (J.W.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Shujiang Ding
- Xi′an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
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25
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Materna KL, Lalaoui N, Laureanti JA, Walsh AP, Rimgard BP, Lomoth R, Thapper A, Ott S, Shaw WJ, Tian H, Hammarström L. Using Surface Amide Couplings to Assemble Photocathodes for Solar Fuel Production Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:4501-4509. [PMID: 31872996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A facile surface amide-coupling method was examined to attach dye and catalyst molecules to silatrane-decorated NiO electrodes. Using this method, electrodes with a push-pull dye were assembled and characterized by photoelectrochemistry and transient absorption spectroscopy. The dye-sensitized electrodes exhibited hole injection into NiO and good photoelectrochemical stability in water, highlighting the stability of the silatrane anchoring group and the amide linkage. The amide-coupling protocol was further applied to electrodes that contain a molecular proton reduction catalyst for use in photocathode architectures. Evidence for catalyst reduction was observed during photoelectrochemical measurements and via femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrating the possibility for application in photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L Materna
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Noémie Lalaoui
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Joseph A Laureanti
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , P.O. Box 999, Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Aaron P Walsh
- Ferro Corporation , Penn Yan , New York 14527 , United States
| | - Belinda Pettersson Rimgard
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Reiner Lomoth
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Wendy J Shaw
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory , P.O. Box 999, Richland , Washington 99352 , United States
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories , Uppsala University , P.O. Box 523, Uppsala SE75120 , Sweden
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26
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Creissen CE, Warnan J, Antón-García D, Farré Y, Odobel F, Reisner E. Inverse Opal CuCrO 2 Photocathodes for H 2 Production Using Organic Dyes and a Molecular Ni Catalyst. ACS Catal 2019; 9:9530-9538. [PMID: 32064143 PMCID: PMC7011728 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical (DSPEC) cells are an emerging approach to producing solar fuels. The recent development of delafossite CuCrO2 as a p-type semiconductor has enabled H2 generation through the coassembly of catalyst and dye components. Here, we present a CuCrO2 electrode based on a high-surface-area inverse opal (IO) architecture with benchmark performance in DSPEC H2 generation. Coimmobilization of a phosphonated diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP-P) or perylene monoimide (PMI-P) dye with a phosphonated molecular Ni catalyst (NiP) demonstrates the ability of IO-CuCrO2 to photogenerate H2. A positive photocurrent onset potential of approximately +0.8 V vs RHE was achieved with these photocathodes. The DPP-P-based photoelectrodes delivered photocurrents of -18 μA cm-2 and generated 160 ± 24 nmol of H2 cm-2, whereas the PMI-P-based photocathodes displayed higher photocurrents of -25 μA cm-2 and produced 215 ± 10 nmol of H2 cm-2 at 0.0 V vs RHE over the course of 2 h under visible light illumination (100 mW cm-2, AM 1.5G, λ > 420 nm, 25 °C). The high performance of the PMI-constructed system is attributed to the well-suited molecular structure and photophysical properties for p-type sensitization. These precious-metal-free photocathodes highlight the benefits of using bespoke IO-CuCrO2 electrodes as well as the important role of the molecular dye structure in DSPEC fuel synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Creissen
- Christian Doppler
Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Julien Warnan
- Christian Doppler
Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Daniel Antón-García
- Christian Doppler
Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
| | - Yoann Farré
- Université
LUNAM, Université de Nantes, CNRS, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse,
Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR 6230, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Université
LUNAM, Université de Nantes, CNRS, Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse,
Modélisation (CEISAM), UMR 6230, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Erwin Reisner
- Christian Doppler
Laboratory for Sustainable SynGas Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.
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27
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Sun J, Yu Y, Curtze AE, Liang X, Wu Y. Dye-sensitized photocathodes for oxygen reduction: efficient H 2O 2 production and aprotic redox reactions. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5519-5527. [PMID: 31293736 PMCID: PMC6544122 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01626k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) can be used to store solar energy in the form of chemical bonds. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a versatile energy carrier and can be produced by reduction of O2 on a dye-sensitized photocathode, in which the design of dye molecules is crucial for the conversion efficiency and electrode stability. Herein, using a hydrophobic donor-double-acceptor dye (denoted as BH4) sensitized NiO photocathode, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be produced efficiently by reducing O2 with current density up to 600 μA cm-2 under 1 sun conditions (Xe lamp as sunlight simulator, λ > 400 nm). The DSPECs maintain currents greater than 200 μA cm-2 at low overpotential (0.42 V vs. RHE) for 18 h with no decrease in the rate of H2O2 production in aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, the BH4 sensitized NiO photocathode was for the first time applied in an aprotic electrolyte for oxygen reduction. In the absence of a proton source, the one-electron reduction of O2 generates stable, nucleophilic superoxide radicals that can then be synthetically utilized in the attack of an available electrophile, such as benzoyl chloride. The corresponding photocurrent generated by this photoelectrosynthesis is up to 1.8 mA cm-2. Transient absorption spectroscopy also proves that there is an effective electron transfer from reduced BH4 to O2 with a rate constant of 1.8 × 106 s-1. This work exhibits superior photocurrent in both aqueous and non-aqueous systems and reveals the oxygen/superoxide redox mediator mechanism in the aprotic chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaonan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Yongze Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Allison E Curtze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Xichen Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Yiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
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28
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Langmar O, Fazio E, Schol P, de la Torre G, Costa RD, Torres T, Guldi DM. Controlling Interfacial Charge Transfer and Fill Factors in CuO‐based Tandem Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4056-4060. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Langmar
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsUniversity of Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ettore Fazio
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Peter Schol
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsUniversity of Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Rubén D. Costa
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsUniversity of Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Materiales c/Eric Kandel, 2, Tecnogetafe 28906 Getafe Madrid Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia c/ Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyInterdisciplinary Center for Molecular MaterialsUniversity of Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany
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29
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Bonomo M, Barbero N, Naponiello G, Giordano M, Dini D, Barolo C. Sodium Hydroxide Pretreatment as an Effective Approach to Reduce the Dye/Holes Recombination Reaction in P-Type DSCs. Front Chem 2019; 7:99. [PMID: 30873402 PMCID: PMC6400885 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a novel squaraine dye (VG21-C12) and investigate its behavior as p-type sensitizer for p-type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. The results are compared with O4-C12, a well-known sensitizer for p-DSC, and sodium hydroxide pretreatment is described as an effective approach to reduce the dye/holes recombination. Various variable investigation such as dipping time, dye loading, photocurrent, and resulting cell efficiency are also reported. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was utilized for investigating charge transport properties of the different photoelectrodes and the recombination phenomena that occur at the (un)modified electrode/electrolyte interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bonomo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Barbero
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Gaia Naponiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Giordano
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.,ICxT Interdepartmental Centre, Torino, Italy
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30
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Wang D, Wang Y, Brady MD, Sheridan MV, Sherman BD, Farnum BH, Liu Y, Marquard SL, Meyer GJ, Dares CJ, Meyer TJ. A donor-chromophore-catalyst assembly for solar CO 2 reduction. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4436-4444. [PMID: 31057771 PMCID: PMC6482438 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03316a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe here the preparation and characterization of a photocathode assembly for CO2 reduction to CO in 0.1 M LiClO4 acetonitrile.
We describe here the preparation and characterization of a photocathode assembly for CO2 reduction to CO in 0.1 M LiClO4 acetonitrile. The assembly was formed on 1.0 μm thick mesoporous films of NiO using a layer-by-layer procedure based on Zr(iv)–phosphonate bridging units. The structure of the Zr(iv) bridged assembly, abbreviated as NiO|-DA-RuCP22+-Re(i), where DA is the dianiline-based electron donor (N,N,N′,N′-((CH2)3PO3H2)4-4,4′-dianiline), RuCP2+ is the light absorber [Ru((4,4′-(PO3H2CH2)2-2,2′-bipyridine)(2,2′-bipyridine))2]2+, and Re(i) is the CO2 reduction catalyst, ReI((4,4′-PO3H2CH2)2-2,2′-bipyridine)(CO)3Cl. Visible light excitation of the assembly in CO2 saturated solution resulted in CO2 reduction to CO. A steady-state photocurrent density of 65 μA cm–2 was achieved under one sun illumination and an IPCE value of 1.9% was obtained with 450 nm illumination. The importance of the DA aniline donor in the assembly as an initial site for reduction of the RuCP2+ excited state was demonstrated by an 8 times higher photocurrent generated with DA present in the surface film compared to a control without DA. Nanosecond transient absorption measurements showed that the expected reduced one-electron intermediate, RuCP+, was formed on a sub-nanosecond time scale with back electron transfer to the electrode on the microsecond timescale which competes with forward electron transfer to the Re(i) catalyst at t1/2 = 2.6 μs (kET = 2.7 × 105 s–1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Matthew D Brady
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Matthew V Sheridan
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Benjamin D Sherman
- Department of Chemistry , Texas Christian University , Fort Worth , Texas 76129 , USA
| | - Byron H Farnum
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Yanming Liu
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Seth L Marquard
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
| | - Christopher J Dares
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Florida International University , 11200 SW Eighth Street , Miami , Florida 33199 , USA
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Carolina Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill , North Carolina 27599 , USA .
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31
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Langmar O, Fazio E, Schol P, de la Torre G, Costa RD, Torres T, Guldi DM. Steuerung des Grenzflächen‐Ladungstransfers und des Fill‐Factors in CuO‐basierten Grätzel‐Tandemzellen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Langmar
- Department Chemie und PharmazieInterdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Ettore Fazio
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spanien
| | - Peter Schol
- Department Chemie und PharmazieInterdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spanien
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spanien
| | - Rubén D. Costa
- Department Chemie und PharmazieInterdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Materiales c/Eric Kandel, 2, Tecnogetafe 28906 Getafe Madrid Spanien
| | - Tomás Torres
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 28049 Madrid Spanien
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados (IMDEA)-Nanociencia c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spanien
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM) Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spanien
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department Chemie und PharmazieInterdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare MaterialienFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstraße 3 91058 Erlangen Deutschland
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32
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Liu Q, Wang D, Shan B, Sherman BD, Marquard SL, Eberhart MS, Liu M, Li C, Meyer TJ. Light-driven water oxidation by a dye-sensitized photoanode with a chromophore/catalyst assembly on a mesoporous double-shell electrode. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:041727. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5048780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Degao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Bing Shan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Benjamin D. Sherman
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, USA
| | - Seth L. Marquard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michael S. Eberhart
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Meichuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzou University, Henan 4500001, China
| | - Thomas J. Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
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33
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Wahyuono RA, Dellith A, Schmidt C, Dellith J, Ignaszak A, Seyring M, Rettenmayr M, Fize J, Artero V, Chavarot-Kerlidou M, Dietzek B. Structure of Ni(OH) 2 intermediates determines the efficiency of NiO-based photocathodes – a case study using novel mesoporous NiO nanostars. RSC Adv 2019; 9:39422-39433. [PMID: 35540634 PMCID: PMC9076120 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08785k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
NiO nanostructures prepared from β-Ni(OH)2 intermediates exhibit favorable electronic properties for functional photocathodes for solar energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruri Agung Wahyuono
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics
| | - Andrea Dellith
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
| | - Christa Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
| | - Jan Dellith
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
| | - Anna Ignaszak
- Department of Chemistry
- University of New Brunswick
- Fredericton
- E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Martin Seyring
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Markus Rettenmayr
- Otto Schott Institute of Materials Research (OSIM)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Jennifer Fize
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- CEA
- IRIG
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux
| | - Vincent Artero
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- CEA
- IRIG
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux
| | | | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT)
- Department Functional Interfaces
- 07745 Jena
- Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics
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34
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Tuning optical and electronic properties in novel carbazole photosensitizers for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Biswas S, Husek J, Londo S, Baker LR. Ultrafast Electron Trapping and Defect-Mediated Recombination in NiO Probed by Femtosecond Extreme Ultraviolet Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5047-5054. [PMID: 30091928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the chemical nature of defect sites as well as the mechanism of defect-mediated recombination is critical for the rational design of energy conversion materials with improved efficiency. Using femtosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectroscopy in conjunction with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), we present results on the ultrafast electron dynamics in NiO prepared with varying concentrations of defect states. We find that oxygen vacancy defects do not serve as the primary recombination center, but rather the recombination rate scales linearly with the density of Ni metal defects. This suggests that grain boundaries between Ni metal and NiO are responsible for fast carrier recombination in partially reduced NiO. Our kinetic model shows that the photoexcited electrons self-trap via small polaron formation on the subpicosecond time scale. Additionally, we estimate an absolute measurement of small polaron formation rates, direct versus defect-mediated recombination rates, and the small polaron diffusion coefficient in NiO. This study provides important parameters for engineering NiO based materials for solar energy harvesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Biswas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Jakub Husek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Stephen Londo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - L Robert Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
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Kaeffer N, Windle CD, Brisse R, Gablin C, Leonard D, Jousselme B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M, Artero V. Insights into the mechanism and aging of a noble-metal free H 2-evolving dye-sensitized photocathode. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6721-6738. [PMID: 30310606 PMCID: PMC6115630 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00899j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-grafting of a cobalt diimine–dioxime catalyst and push–pull organic dye on NiO yields a photocathode evolving hydrogen from aqueous solution under sunlight, with equivalent performances compared to a dyad-based architecture using similar components.
Dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells (DS-PECs) form an emerging technology for the large-scale storage of solar energy in the form of (solar) fuels because of the low cost and ease of processing of their constitutive photoelectrode materials. Preparing such molecular photocathodes requires a well-controlled co-immobilization of molecular dyes and catalysts onto transparent semiconducting materials. Here we used a series of surface analysis techniques to describe the molecular assembly of a push–pull organic dye and a cobalt diimine–dioxime catalyst co-grafted on a p-type NiO electrode substrate. (Photo)electrochemical measurements allowed characterization of electron transfer processes within such an assembly and to demonstrate for the first time that a CoI species is formed as the entry into the light-driven H2 evolution mechanism of a dye-sensitized photocathode. This co-grafted noble-metal free H2-evolving photocathode architecture displays similar performances to its covalent dye–catalyst counterpart based on the same catalytic moiety. Post-operando time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis of these photoelectrodes after extensive photoelectrochemical operation suggested decomposition pathways of the dye and triazole linkage used to graft the catalyst onto NiO, providing grounds for the design of optimized molecular DS-PEC components with increased robustness upon turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kaeffer
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Christopher D Windle
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Romain Brisse
- Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN) , NIMBE , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , Cedex , France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Univ Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Didier Leonard
- Univ Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Bruno Jousselme
- Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN) , NIMBE , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , Cedex , France
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
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37
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Summers GH, Gibson EA. Bay Annulated Indigo as a New Chromophore for p-type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201700153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gareth H. Summers
- Chemistry: School of Natural and Environmental Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Chemistry: School of Natural and Environmental Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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38
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Tian L, Föhlinger J, Zhang Z, Pati PB, Lin J, Kubart T, Hua Y, Sun J, Kloo L, Boschloo G, Hammarström L, Tian H. Solid state p-type dye sensitized NiO-dye-TiO 2 core-shell solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3739-3742. [PMID: 29589009 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00505b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid state p-type dye sensitized NiO-dye-TiO2 core-shell solar cells with an organic dye PB6 were successfully fabricated for the first time. With Al2O3 as an inner barrier layer, the recombination process between injected holes in NiO and injected electrons in TiO2 was significantly suppressed and the charge transport time was also improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Lab., Uppsala University, Sweden.
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39
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Li J, Zhang S, Shao D, Yang Z, Zhang W. Effect of auxiliary group for p-type organic dyes in NiO-based dye-sensitized solar cells: The first principal study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 193:192-196. [PMID: 29241054 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Auxiliary acceptor groups play a crucial role in D-A-π-A structured organic dyes. In this paper, we designed three D-A-π-A structured organic molecules based on the prototype dye QT-1, named ME18-ME20, and further investigated their electronic and optical properties with density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). The calculated results indicate that the scope and intensity of dyes' absorption spectra have some outstanding changes by inserting auxiliary groups. ME20 has not only 152nm redshifts to long wave orientation, but also 78% increased oscillator strength compared to QT-1, and its absorption spectrum broadens region even up to 1400nm. Then, we studied the reason that the effect of the introduced different auxiliary acceptor groups in these dyes through their ground states geometries and energy levels, electron transfer and recombination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Di Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China
| | - Zhenqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
| | - Wansong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, PR China.
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40
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Tian L, Föhlinger J, Pati PB, Zhang Z, Lin J, Yang W, Johansson M, Kubart T, Sun J, Boschloo G, Hammarström L, Tian H. Ultrafast dye regeneration in a core-shell NiO-dye-TiO 2 mesoporous film. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:36-40. [PMID: 29210392 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07088h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a core-shell NiO-dye-TiO2 mesoporous film was fabricated for the first time, utilizing atomic layer deposition technique and a newly designed triphenylamine dye. The structure of the film was confirmed by SEM, TEM, and EDX. Excitation of the dye led to efficient and fast charge separation, by hole injection into NiO, followed by an unprecedentedly fast dye regeneration (t1/2 ≤ 500 fs) by electron transfer to TiO2. The resulting charge separated state showed a pronounced transient absorption spectrum caused by the Stark effect, and no significant decay was found within 1.9 ns. This indicates that charge recombination between NiO and TiO2 is much slower than that between the NiO and the reduced dye in the absence of the TiO2 layer (t1/2 ≈ 100 ps).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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41
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Freund S, Hinaut A, Marinakis N, Constable EC, Meyer E, Housecroft CE, Glatzel T. Anchoring of a dye precursor on NiO(001) studied by non-contact atomic force microscopy. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 9:242-249. [PMID: 29441269 PMCID: PMC5789385 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.9.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The properties of metal oxides, such as charge-transport mechanisms or optoelectronic characteristics, can be modified by functionalization with organic molecules. This kind of organic/inorganic surface is nowadays highly regarded, in particular, for the design of hybrid devices such as dye-sensitized solar cells. However, a key parameter for optimized interfaces is not only the choice of the compounds but also the properties of adsorption. Here, we investigated the deposition of an organic dye precursor molecule on a NiO(001) single crystal surface by means of non-contact atomic force microscopy at room temperature. Depending on the coverage, single molecules, groups of adsorbates with random or recognizable shapes, or islands of closely packed molecules were identified. Single molecules and self assemblies are resolved with submolecular resolution showing that they are lying flat on the surface in a trans-conformation. Within the limits of our Kelvin probe microscopy setup a charge transfer from NiO to the molecular layer of 0.3 electrons per molecules was observed only in the areas where the molecules are closed packed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Freund
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antoine Hinaut
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Marinakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ernst Meyer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Catherine E Housecroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thilo Glatzel
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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D'Amario L, Föhlinger J, Boschloo G, Hammarström L. Unveiling hole trapping and surface dynamics of NiO nanoparticles. Chem Sci 2018; 9:223-230. [PMID: 29629091 PMCID: PMC5869301 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03442c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The research effort in mesoporous p-type semiconductors is increasing due to their potential application in photoelectrochemical energy conversion devices. In this paper an electron-hole pair is created by band-gap excitation of NiO nanoparticles and the dynamics of the electron and the hole is followed until their recombination. By spectroscopic characterization it was found that surface Ni3+ states work as traps for both electrons and holes. The trapped electron was assigned to a Ni2+ state and the trapped hole to a "Ni4+" state positioned close to the valence band edge. The recombination kinetics of these traps was studied and related with the concept of hole relaxation suggested before. The time scale of the hole relaxation was found to be in the order of tens of ns. Finally the spectroscopic evidence of this relaxation is presented in a sensitized film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca D'Amario
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523 , 751 20 Uppsala , Sweden . ; ; Tel: +46 18 471 3648
| | - Jens Föhlinger
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523 , 751 20 Uppsala , Sweden . ; ; Tel: +46 18 471 3648
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523 , 751 20 Uppsala , Sweden . ; ; Tel: +46 18 471 3648
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström Laboratory , Uppsala University , Box 523 , 751 20 Uppsala , Sweden . ; ; Tel: +46 18 471 3648
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43
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Nikolaou V, Plass F, Planchat A, Charisiadis A, Charalambidis G, Angaridis PA, Kahnt A, Odobel F, Coutsolelos AG. Effect of the triazole ring in zinc porphyrin-fullerene dyads on the charge transfer processes in NiO-based devices. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:24477-24489. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04060e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three covalently linked donor–acceptor zinc porphyrin–fullerene (ZnP–C60) dyads were tested as sensitizers in NiO-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilis Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- 70013 Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Fabian Plass
- Chair of Physical Chemistry I
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Aurélien Planchat
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- UMR 6230
| | - Asterios Charisiadis
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- 70013 Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Georgios Charalambidis
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Crete
- 70013 Heraklion
- Greece
| | - Panagiotis A. Angaridis
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Thessaloniki 54124
- Greece
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Chair of Physical Chemistry I
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- Université LUNAM
- Université de Nantes
- CNRS
- Chimie et Interdisciplinarité: Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM)
- UMR 6230
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44
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Raissi M, Sajjad MT, Pellegrin Y, Roland TJ, Jobic S, Boujtita M, Ruseckas A, Samuel IDW, Odobel F. Size dependence of efficiency of PbS quantum dots in NiO-based dye sensitised solar cells and mechanistic charge transfer investigation. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15566-15575. [PMID: 28984887 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03698a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are very attractive materials for solar cells due to their high absorption coefficients, size dependence and easy tunability of their optical and electronic properties due to quantum confinement. Particularly interesting are PbS QDs owing to their broad spectral absorption until long wavelengths, their easy processability and low cost. Here, we used control of the PbS QD size to understand charge transfer processes at the interfaces of a NiO semiconductor and explain the optimal QD size in photovoltaic devices. Towards this goal, we have synthesized a series of PbS QDs with different diameters (2.8 nm to 4 nm) and investigated charge transfer dynamics by time resolved spectroscopy and their ability to act as sensitizers in nanocrystalline NiO based solar cells using the cobalt tris(4,4'-ditert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine) complex as a redox mediator. We found that PbS QDs with an average diameter of 3.0 nm show the highest performance in terms of efficient charge transfer and light harvesting efficiency. Our study showed that hole injection from the PbS QDs to the NiO valence band (VB) is an efficient process even with low injection driving force (-0.3 eV) and occurs in 6-10 ns. Furthermore we found that direct electrolyte reduction (photoinduced electron transfer to the cobalt redox mediator) also occurs in parallel to the hole injection with a rate constant of similar magnitude (10-20 ns). In spite of its large driving force, the rate constant of the oxidative quenching of PbS by Co(iii) diminishes more steeply than hole injection on NiO when the diameter of PbS increases. This is understood as the consequence of increasing the trap states that limit electron shift. We believe that our detailed findings will advance the future design of QD sensitized photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahfoudh Raissi
- CEISAM, Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité, Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation, CNRS, UMR CNRS 6230, UFR des Sciences et des Techniques, 2, rue de la Houssinière - BP 92208, 44322 NANTES Cedex 3, France.
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45
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Dillon RJ, Alibabaei L, Meyer TJ, Papanikolas JM. Enabling Efficient Creation of Long-Lived Charge-Separation on Dye-Sensitized NiO Photocathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:26786-26796. [PMID: 28731676 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b05856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The hole-injection and recombination photophysics for NiO sensitized with RuP ([RuII(bpy)2(4,4'-(PO3H2)2-bpy)]2+) are explored. Ultrafast transient absorption (TA) measurements performed with an external electrochemical bias reveal the efficiency for productive hole-injection, that is, quenching of the dye excited state that results in a detectable charge-separated electron-hole pair, is linearly dependent on the electronic occupation of intragap states in the NiO film. Population of these states via a negative applied potential increases the efficiency from 0% to 100%. The results indicate the primary loss mechanism for dye-sensitized NiO is rapid nongeminate recombination enabled by the presence of latent holes in the surface of the NiO film. Our findings suggest a new design paradigm for NiO photocathodes and devices centered on the avoidance of this recombination pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
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46
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Dhital B, Rao VG, Lu HP. Probing single-molecule electron-hole transfer dynamics at a molecule-NiO semiconductor nanocrystalline interface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017. [PMID: 28639652 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01476g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial charge transfer dynamics in dye-sensitized NiO nanoparticles are being investigated for photocathodes in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. In the photoreaction, after fast electron transfer from NiO to a molecule, the recombination of the hole in the nanoparticles with the electron in a reduced molecule plays an important role in the charge separation process and solar energy harvesting. Nevertheless, knowledge of the interfacial charge recombination (CR) rate and its mechanism is still limited due to the complex photoinduced electron and hole dynamics and lack of characterization of the inhomogeneity of the dynamics. Here, we report our work on probing interfacial charge recombination dynamics in Zn(ii)-5,10,15,20-tetra(3-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (m-ZnTCPP) dye-sensitized NiO nanoparticles by correlating single-molecule fluorescence blinking dynamics with charge transfer dynamics using single-molecule photon-stamping spectroscopy. The correlated analyses of single-molecule fluorescence intensity, lifetime, and blinking reveal the intrinsic distribution and temporal fluctuation of interfacial charge transfer reactivity, which are closely related to site-specific molecular interactions and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Dhital
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Photochemical Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43403, USA.
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47
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Langmar O, Saccone D, Amat A, Fantacci S, Viscardi G, Barolo C, Costa RD, Guldi DM. Designing Squaraines to Control Charge Injection and Recombination Processes in NiO-based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:2385-2393. [PMID: 28318143 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of a new family of squaraines (SQs) and their application in p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is presented. In particular, two sets of SQs were designed featuring either two or four anchoring carboxylic groups combined with either oxygen or dicyanovinyl central groups. The SQs were characterized by using a joint theoretical, photophysical, and electrochemical approach. Importantly, the presence of different central groups forces a frozen cis (dicyanovinyl group) or a trans (oxygen group) SQ conformation. Based on the latter, the current work enables a direct comparison between cis and trans isomers as well as the impact of a different number of anchors. Considering their electron-accepting and light-harvesting character, they were tested in NiO-based DSSCs. Photocurrent-voltage, incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed. By virtue of their different symmetry, stereochemistry, and number of carboxylic groups, altered adsorption behavior onto NiO electrodes as well as diverse charge injection and charge recombination dynamics were noted under operation conditions. SQs with four linkers in a frozen cis isomerism show the best charge collection properties among the investigated SQs, providing a valuable guideline for the molecular design of future SQs for p-type DSSCs. In addition, we assembled tandem DSSCs featuring SQ/NiO photocathodes and N719/TiO2 photoanodes. The IPCE of the resulting tandem DSSCs implies light harvesting throughout most of the visible part of the solar spectrum owing to the complementary absorption features of SQ and N719.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Langmar
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Davide Saccone
- NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Anna Amat
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics, CLHYO, CNR-ISTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Simona Fantacci
- Computational Laboratory for Hybrid/Organic Photovoltaics, CLHYO, CNR-ISTM, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Guido Viscardi
- NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudia Barolo
- NIS Interdepartmental Centre and INSTM Reference Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 7, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Rubén D Costa
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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48
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Queyriaux N, Wahyuono RA, Fize J, Gablin C, Wächtler M, Martinez E, Léonard D, Dietzek B, Artero V, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Aqueous Photocurrent Measurements Correlated to Ultrafast Electron Transfer Dynamics at Ruthenium Tris Diimine-Sensitized NiO Photocathodes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:5891-5904. [PMID: 28676835 PMCID: PMC5493983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the structural and electronic factors governing the efficiency of dye-sensitized NiO photocathodes is essential to optimize solar fuel production in photoelectrochemical cells (PECs). For these purpose, three different ruthenium dyes, bearing either two or four methylphosphonate anchoring groups and either a bipyridine or a dipyridophenazine ancillary ligand, were synthesized and grafted onto NiO films. These photoelectrodes were fully characterized by XPS, ToF-SIMS, UV-vis absorption, time-resolved emission and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopies. Increasing the number of anchoring groups from two to four proved beneficial for the grafting efficiency. No significant modification of the electronic properties compared to the parent photosensitizer was observed, in accordance with the non-conjugated nature of the grafted linker. The photoelectrochemical activity of the dye-sensitized NiO electrodes was assessed in fully aqueous medium in the presence of an irreversible electron acceptor and photocurrents reaching 190 μA.cm-2 were recorded. The transient absorption study revealed the presence of two charge recombination pathways for each of the sensitizers and evidenced a stabilized charge separated state in the dppz derivative, supporting its superior photoelectrochemical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Queyriaux
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ruri A. Wahyuono
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Jennifer Fize
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Eugénie Martinez
- CEA, Leti, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Didier Léonard
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280 (Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 /CNRS / ENS de Lyon), 5 rue de la Doua, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V., Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, Jena 07745, Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR 5249 University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
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49
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Bonomo M, Sabuzi F, Di Carlo A, Conte V, Dini D, Galloni P. KuQuinones as sensitizers for NiO based p-type dye-sensitized solar cells. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03466g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
KuQuinones have been used for the first time as dyes in NiO-based p-type DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Bonomo
- Dept. of Chemistry
- University of Rome Sapienza
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Federica Sabuzi
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Rome Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy (CHOSE)
- Dept. of Electronic Engineering
- University of Rome Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Valeria Conte
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Rome Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
| | - Danilo Dini
- Dept. of Chemistry
- University of Rome Sapienza
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Pierluca Galloni
- Dept. of Chemical Sciences and Technologies
- University of Rome Tor Vergata
- 00133 Rome
- Italy
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50
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Brennaman MK, Dillon RJ, Alibabaei L, Gish MK, Dares CJ, Ashford DL, House RL, Meyer GJ, Papanikolas JM, Meyer TJ. Finding the Way to Solar Fuels with Dye-Sensitized Photoelectrosynthesis Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13085-13102. [PMID: 27654634 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b06466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dye-sensitized photoelectrosynthesis cell (DSPEC) integrates high bandgap, nanoparticle oxide semiconductors with the light-absorbing and catalytic properties of designed chromophore-catalyst assemblies. The goals are photoelectrochemical water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen and reduction of CO2 by water to give oxygen and carbon-based fuels. Solar-driven water oxidation occurs at a photoanode and water or CO2 reduction at a cathode or photocathode initiated by molecular-level light absorption. Light absorption is followed by electron or hole injection, catalyst activation, and catalytic water oxidation or water/CO2 reduction. The DSPEC is of recent origin but significant progress has been made. It has the potential to play an important role in our energy future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kyle Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Melissa K Gish
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Christopher J Dares
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Dennis L Ashford
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ralph L House
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - John M Papanikolas
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , CB#3290, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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