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Kawamura A, Takahashi R, Miyata T. UCST-Type Thermoresponsive Sol-Gel Transition Triblock Copolymer Containing Zwitterionic Polymer Blocks. Gels 2024; 10:288. [PMID: 38786206 PMCID: PMC11121674 DOI: 10.3390/gels10050288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive sol-gel transition polymers are of significant interest because of their fascinating biomedical applications, including as drug reservoirs for drug delivery systems and scaffolds for tissue engineering. Although extensive research has been conducted on lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type sol-gel transition polymers, there have been few reports on upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type sol-gel transition polymers. In this study, we designed an ABA-type triblock copolymer composed of a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) block and zwitterionic polymer blocks that exhibit UCST-type thermoresponsive phase transitions. A sulfobetaine (SB) monomer with both ammonium and sulfonate (-SO3) groups in its side chain or a sulfabetaine (SaB) monomer with both ammonium and sulfate (-OSO3) groups in its side chain was polymerized from both ends of the PEG block via reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization to obtain PSB-PEG-PSB and PSaB-PEG-PSaB triblock copolymers, respectively. Although an aqueous solution containing the PSB-PEG-PSB triblock copolymer showed an increase in viscosity upon cooling, it did not undergo a sol-to-gel transition. In contrast, a sol-to-gel transition was observed when a phosphate-buffered saline containing PSaB-PEG-PSaB was cooled from 80 °C to 25 °C. The PSaB blocks with -OSO3 groups exhibited a stronger dipole-dipole interaction than conventional SB with -SO3 groups, leading to intermolecular association and the formation of a gel network composed of PSaB assemblies bridged with PEG. The fascinating UCST-type thermoresponsive sol-gel transition properties of the PSaB-PEG-PSaB triblock copolymer suggest that it can provide a useful platform for designing smart biomaterials, such as drug delivery reservoirs and cell culture scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Kawamura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryogo Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Miyata
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
- Organization for Research and Development of Innovative Science and Technology, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Osaka, Japan
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2
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Morimoto N, Murata A, Yamamoto Y, Narita F, Yamamoto M. Adhesive Sulfabetaine Polymer Hydrogels for the Sandwich Cell Culture. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:11942-11949. [PMID: 38496950 PMCID: PMC10938316 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Sandwich culture systems are techniques that cultivate cells by sandwiching them between the top and bottom substrates. Since the substrates can be separated, the system is expected to be applied to the construct layering of patterned cells and to the isolation of stacked cells. In this study, we prepared hydrogels composed of zwitterionic sulfabetaine polymers, poly[2-(2-(methacryloyloxyethyl)dimethylammonio)ethyl-1-sulfate] (PZBMA). The ZBMA homopolymers have been shown to form aggregates in aqueous solutions due to their intermolecular interactions. The water content of the PZBMA hydrogels in water was ∼70% regardless of N,N'-methylenebis(acrylamide), BIS, content as the cross-linker. The results indicated that the intermolecular interaction contributed more to the swelling behaviors than the chemical cross-linker. However, PZBMA hydrogels with 0.1 mol % BIS showed not only high elongation (∼850%) properties but also high adhesiveness and self-healing properties. When this PZBMA hydrogel was impregnated with collagen and subjected to sandwich culture using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, a three-dimensional morphology of MDCK cell aggregates was constructed. Such a sulfabetaine hydrogel is expected to be developed for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department
of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Department
of Materials for Energy, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Atsuki Murata
- Department
of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamoto
- Department
of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Fumio Narita
- Department
of Frontier Sciences for Advanced Environment, Graduate School of
Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department
of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02, Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- Graduate
School of Biomedical Engineering,Tohoku
University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Nan Y, Zhao C, Beaudoin G, Zhu XX. Synergistic Approaches in the Design and Applications of UCST Polymers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300261. [PMID: 37477638 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent progress in the synergistic design strategy for thermoresponsive polymers possessing an upper critical solution temperature (UCST) in aqueous systems. To achieve precise control of the responsive behavior of the UCST polymers, their molecular design can benefit from a synergistic effect of hydrogen bonding with other interactions or modification of the chemical structures. The combination of UCST behavior with other stimuli-responsive properties of the polymers may yield new functional materials with potential applications such as sensors, actuators, and controlled release devices. The advances in this area provide insight or inspiration into the understanding and design of functional UCST polymers for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Nan
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Chuanzhuang Zhao
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Guillaume Beaudoin
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ, Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - X X Zhu
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ, Centre-ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Lai J, Sun J, Li C, Lu J, Tian Y, Liu Y, Zhao C, Zhang M. H-bond-type thermo-responsive schizophrenic copolymers: The phase transition correlation with their parent polymers and the improved protein co-assembly ability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1881-1892. [PMID: 37517188 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenic copolymers are one type of the popular smart polymers that show invertible colloidal structures in response to temperature stimulus. However, the lack of principles to predict the phase transition temperature of a schizophrenic copolymer from its corresponding parent thermo-responsive polymers limits their development. Additionally, studies on their applications remain scarce. Herein, a series of schizophrenic copolymers were synthesized by polymerization of a RAFT-made polymer precursor poly(acrylamide-co-N-acryloxysuccinimide-co-acrylic acid) (P(AAm-co-NAS-co-AAc)) with the mixture of N-isopropylmethacrylamide (NIPAm) and acrylamide (AAm) in varying molar ratios. In aqueous solution, the block P(AAm-co-NAS-co-AAc) and the block poly(NIPAm-co-AAm) exhibited upper and lower critical solution temperature (UCST and LCST) behavior, respectively. The schizophrenic copolymers featured either UCST-LCST, LCST-UCST, or only LCST thermo-responsive transition. A preliminary correlation of phase transition between the schizophrenic copolymers and their parent polymers was summarized. Furthermore, the co-assembly of the schizophrenic copolymers and proteins were conducted and the kinetics of protein loading and protein activity were investigated, which showed that the schizophrenic copolymers were efficient platforms for protein co-assembly with ultra-high protein loading while preserving the protein bioactivities. Additionally, all the materials were non-toxic towards NIH 3T3 and MCF-7 cells. This work offers the prospects of the schizophrenic polymers in soft colloidal and assembly systems, particularly in guiding the design of new materials and their use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Lai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jialin Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Jianlei Lu
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yueyi Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Chuanzhuang Zhao
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Rathod S. Interpenetrating polymeric network (IPNs) in ophthalmic drug delivery: Breaking the barriers. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 43:1063-1074. [PMID: 36053474 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02482-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
To maintain the therapeutic drug concentration for a prolonged period of time in aqueous and vitreous humor is primary challenge for ophthalmic drug delivery. Majority of the locally administered drug into the eye is lost as to natural reflexes like blinking and lacrimation resulting in the short span of drug residence. Consequently, less than 5% of the applied drug penetrate through the cornea and reaches the intraocular tissues. The major targets for optimal ophthalmic drug delivery are increasing drug residence time in cul-de-sac of the eye, prolonging intraocular exposure, modulating drug release from the delivery system, and minimizing pre-corneal drug loss. Development of in situ gel, contact lens, intraocular lens, inserts, artificial cornea, scaffold, etc., for ophthalmic drug delivery are few approaches to achieve these major targeted objectives for delivering the drug optimally. Interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) or smart hydrogels or stimuli sensitive hydrogels are the class of polymers that can help to achieve the targets in ophthalmic drug delivery due to their versatility, biocompatibility and biodegradability. These novel ''smart" materials can alter their molecular configuration and result in volume phase transition in response to environmental stimuli, such as temperature, pH, ionic strength, electric and magnetic field. Hydrogel and tissue interaction, mechanical/tensile properties, pore size and surface chemistry of IPNs can also be modulated for tuning the drug release kinetics. Stimuli sensitive IPNs has been widely exploited to prepare in situ gelling formulations for ophthalmic drug delivery. Low refractive index hydrogel biomaterials with high water content, soft tissue-like physical properties, wettability, oxygen, glucose permeability and desired biocompatibility makes IPNs versatile candidate for contact lenses and corneal implants. This review article focuses on the exploration of these smart polymeric networks/IPNs for therapeutically improved ophthalmic drug delivery that has unfastened novel arenas in ophthalmic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Rathod
- Maliba Pharmacy College, UKA Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus, Surat, 394350, India. .,Parul Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara, 391760, India.
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Morimoto N, Ota K, Miura Y, Shin H, Yamamoto M. Sulfobetaine polymers for effective permeability into multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs). J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:2649-2660. [PMID: 35024722 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02337c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) are attractive for drug screening before animal tests because they emulate an in vivo microenvironment. The permeability of the MCTSs and tumor tissues towards the candidate drugs is not sufficient even though the drugs can penetrate monolayer cultured cells; therefore, nanocarriers are required to enhance permeability and deliver drugs. In this study, we prepared zwitterionic polymers of sulfobetaine methacrylates and (meth)acrylamides with or without hydroxy groups between the zwitterions to serve as highly permeable nanocarriers. In the sulfobetaine polymers, poly(2-hydroxy-3-((3-methacrylamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)propane-1-sulfonate), P(OH-MAAmSB), the hydroxy group containing methacrylamide polymer exhibited little cytotoxicity and membrane translocation ability against monolayer cultured cells. Moreover, the excellent permeability of the hepatocyte MCTS enabled P(OH-MAAmSB) to permeate it and reach the center region (∼325 μm in diameter) at approximately 150 s, although poly(trimethyl-2-methacroyloxyethylammonium), a cationic polymer, penetrated just 1 to 2 layers from the periphery. The superior permeability of P(OH-MAAmSB) might be due to its good solubility and side chain conformation. P(OH-MAAmSB) is a promising nanocarrier with membrane translocation and permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Morimoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Ota
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Yuki Miura
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Heungsoo Shin
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR, Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Masaya Yamamoto
- Department of Materials Processing, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-02 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan. .,Graduate School of Medical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-12 Aramaki-aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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7
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Dey S, Roy A, Manna K, Pal S. The UCST phase transition of a dextran based copolymer in aqueous media with tunable thermoresponsive behavior. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A hydrogen bonded UCST polymer has been developed by grafting of methacrylamide and acrylic acid on dextran via free radical polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaon Dey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - Kalipada Manna
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad-826004, India
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Zhang J, Li S, Wang Z, Liu P, Zhao Y. Multitunable Thermoresponsive and Aggregation Behaviors of Linear and Cyclic Polyacrylamide Copolymers Comprising Heterofunctional Y Junctions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Siyu Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Youliang Zhao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Wang X, Bowman J, Tu S, Nykypanchuk D, Kuksenok O, Minko S. Polyethylene Glycol Crowder's Effect on Enzyme Aggregation, Thermal Stability, and Residual Catalytic Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:8474-8485. [PMID: 34236863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Protein stability and performance in various natural and artificial systems incorporating many other macromolecules for therapeutic, diagnostic, sensor, and biotechnological applications attract increasing interest with the expansion of these technologies. Here we address the catalytic activity of lysozyme protein (LYZ) in the presence of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) crowder in a broad range of concentrations and temperatures in aqueous solutions of two different molecular mass PEG samples (Mw = 3350 and 10000 g/mol). The phase behavior of PEG-protein solutions is examined by using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), while the enzyme denaturing is monitored by using an activity assay (AS) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulations are used to illustrate the effect of PEG concentration on protein stability at high temperatures. The results demonstrate that LYZ residual activity after 1 h incubation at 80 °C is improved from 15% up to 55% with the addition of PEG. The improvement is attributed to two underlying mechanisms. (i) Primarily, the stabilizing effect is due to the suppression of the enzyme aggregation because of the stronger PEG-protein interactions caused by the increased hydrophobicity of PEG and lysozyme at elevated temperatures. (ii) The MD simulations showed that the addition of PEG to some degree stabilizes the secondary structures of the enzyme by delaying unfolding at elevated temperatures. The more pronounced effect is observed with an increase in PEG concentration. This trend is consistent with CD and AS experimental results, where the thermal stability is strengthened with increasing of PEG concentration and molecular mass. The results show that the highest stabilizing effect is approached at the critical overlap concentration of PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Jeremy Bowman
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Sidong Tu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Dmytro Nykypanchuk
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Olga Kuksenok
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Sergiy Minko
- Nanostructured Materials Lab, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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