1
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Cicolella A, De Rosa C, Sepe E, De Stefano F, Giordano A, Scoti M. The Impact of Regiodefects on the Melt-Memory of Isotactic Polypropylene. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400233. [PMID: 38777345 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The memory of crystalline phase in the melt of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in regiodefective samples of iPP characterized by different concentrations regiodefects, constituted by secondary 2,1 propene units, is studied. The self-nucleation (SN) experiments have demonstrated that the presence of 2,1 regiodefects produces a strong memory of the crystalline phase in the melt that persists up to temperatures much higher than the melting temperature. The extension of the heterogeneous melt (domain II) containing self-nuclei increases with increasing the concentration of regiodefects. The higher the concentration of regiodefects the higher the temperature at which the self-nuclei are dissolved and the homogeneous melt is achieved. This demonstrates that a strong memory of the crystalline phase of iPP in the melt exists not only in copolymers with noncrystallizable bulky comonomeric units rejected from the crystals but even when small defects are largely included in the crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cicolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino 10, Napoli, I-80138, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sepe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
| | - Angelo Giordano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
| | - Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126, Italy
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2
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De Stefano F, Villaccio R, D'Anania O, Talarico G, De Rosa C, Scoti M. Combining Cyclic Units and Unsaturated Pendant Groups by Propene/1,5-Hexadiene Copolymerization Toward Functional Isotactic Polypropylene. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:407-414. [PMID: 38526911 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The precise use of a widely available and inexpensive metallocene catalyst enabled the synthesis of isotactic polypropylene copolymers characterized by the copresence of randomly distributed cyclic units in the backbone and unsaturated pendant units employing 1,5-hexadiene as comonomer. Optimization of the polymerization conditions avoided the cross-linking phenomena that negatively affects the material processing and final properties, resulting in good yields of samples featuring high molecular masses and a precisely controlled microstructure. Such polypropylene-based copolymers exhibit a broad spectrum of properties ranging from thermoplastic to surprising elastomeric behavior, with the additional value of being functionalizable by post-polymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosa Villaccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Olga D'Anania
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino, I-80138 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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3
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Yang SG, Zhang LQ, Chen C, Cui J, Zeng XB, Liu L, Liu F, Ungar G. 3D Morphology of Different Crystal Forms in β-Nucleated and Fiber-Sheared Polypropylene: α-Teardrops, α-Teeth, and β-Fans. Macromolecules 2023; 56:5502-5511. [PMID: 37521250 PMCID: PMC10373525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphism of semicrystalline polymers has significant influence on their physical properties, with each form having its advantages and disadvantages. However, real-life polymer processing often results in different coexisting crystal polymorphs, and it remains a challenge to determine their shape, spatial distribution, and volume fraction. Here, i-polypropylene (i-PP) sheets containing both α- and β-forms were prepared either by adding β-nucleating agent or by fiber pulling-induced crystallization. By adding a compatible dye that is partially rejected from the growing crystalline aggregates (spherulites and cylindrites), we visualize the shape of these objects in 3D using two-photon fluorescence confocal microscopy. To distinguish between crystal forms, we take advantage of the difference in dye-retaining ability of the α- and β-aggregates. Even in 2D, fluorescence microscopy (FM) distinguishes the two crystal forms better than polarized microscopy. In 3D imaging, the volume fraction and spatial distribution of α- and β-forms in different morphological types could be determined quantitatively. Morphologies described as α-teeth, β-fans, and α-teardrops were visualized for the first time in 3D. Furthermore, internal and surface microcracks were seen to be associated predominantly with the β-form and around the fiber. Spatial distribution of α- and β-forms was also determined by scanning with a synchrotron X-ray beam. Good agreement was obtained with 3D microscopy, but XRD could not match the detail obtainable by the tomography. The work demonstrates the ability of the 3D imaging method to distinguish different crystal forms and their specific morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Gui Yang
- Shaanxi
International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory
for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Liang-Qing Zhang
- College
of Material Science and Engineering, Xi’an
University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Changlong Chen
- Shaanxi
International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory
for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Jiaming Cui
- Shaanxi
International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory
for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Xiang-bing Zeng
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - Liying Liu
- Biomedical
Experimental Center of Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science
Center, Xi’an 710116, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi
International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory
for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Goran Ungar
- Shaanxi
International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory
for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi’an
Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
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Scoti M, De Stefano F, Di Girolamo R, Malafronte A, Talarico G, De Rosa C. Crystallization Behavior and Properties of Propylene/4-Methyl-1-pentene Copolymers from a Metallocene Catalyst. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Propene-Octene Random Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194032. [PMID: 36235980 PMCID: PMC9572639 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystallization behavior of random propene-octene isotactic copolymers (iPPC8) prepared with a homogeneous metallocene catalyst has been studied. Samples of iPPC8 with low octene content up to about 7 mol% were isothermally crystallized from the melt at various crystallization temperatures. The samples crystallize in mixtures of the α and γ forms of isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The relative amount of γ form increases with increasing crystallization temperature, and a maximum amount of γ form (fγ(max)) is achieved for each sample. The crystallization behavior of iPPC8 copolymers is compared with the crystallization from the melt of propene–ethylene, propene–butene, propene–pentene, and propene–hexene copolymers. The results show that the behavior of iPPC8 copolymers is completely different from those described in the literature for the other copolymers of iPP. In fact, the maximum amount of γ form achieved in samples of different copolymers of iPP generally increases with increasing comonomer content, while in iPPC8 copolymers the maximum amount of γ form decreases with increasing octene content. The different behaviors are discussed based on the inclusion of co-monomeric units in the crystals of α and γ forms of iPP or their exclusion from the crystals. In iPPC8 copolymers, octene units are excluded from the crystals giving only the interruption effect that shortens the length of regular propene sequences, inducing crystallization of the γ form at low octene concentrations, lower than 2 mol%. At higher octene concentration, the crystallization of the kinetically favored α form prevails.
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6
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Melt-Crystallizations of α and γ Forms of Isotactic Polypropylene in Propene-Butene Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183873. [PMID: 36146019 PMCID: PMC9500696 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Random isotactic propene-butene copolymers (iPPC4) of different stereoregularity have been synthesized with three different homogeneous single center metallocene catalysts having different stereoselectivity. All samples crystallize from the polymerization solution in mixtures of α and γ forms, and the relative amount of γ form increases with increasing concentrations of butene and of rr stereodefects. All samples crystallize from the melt in mixtures of α and γ forms and the fraction of γ form increases with decreasing cooling rate. At high cooling rates, the crystallization of the α form is always favored, even for samples that contain high total concentration of defects that should crystallize in the γ form. The results demonstrate that in iPPs containing significant concentrations of defects, such as stereodefects and comonomeric units, the γ form is the thermodynamically stable form of iPP and crystallizes in selective conditions of very slow crystallization, whereas the α form is the kinetically favored form and crystallizes in conditions of fast crystallization.
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7
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Hu C, Li C, Feng L, Gu X, Duan J, Zhang C. Modification of the Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene by Grafting Styrene Segments. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
| | - Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
| | - LianFang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - XuePing Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - Jintang Duan
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
| | - CaiLiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P.R. China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, 78 Jiuhua Boulevard North, Quzhou 324000, P.R. China
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8
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Di Girolamo R, Cicolella A, Talarico G, Scoti M, De Stefano F, Giordano A, Malafronte A, De Rosa C. Structure and Morphology of Crystalline Syndiotactic Polypropylene-Polyethylene Block Copolymers. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081534. [PMID: 35458284 PMCID: PMC9031856 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A study of the structure and morphology of diblock copolymers composed of crystallizable blocks of polyethylene (PE) and syndiotactic polypropylene (sPP) having different lengths is reported. In both analyzed samples, the PE block crystallizes first by cooling from the melt (at 130 °C) and the sPP block crystallizes after at a lower temperature. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) recorded during cooling showed three correlation peaks at values of the scattering vector, q1 = 0.12 nm−1, q2 = 0.24 nm−1 and q3 = 0.4 nm−1, indicating development of a lamellar morphology, where lamellar domains of PE and sPP alternate, each domain containing stacks of crystalline lamellae of PE or sPP sandwiched by their own amorphous phase of PE or sPP. At temperatures higher than 120 °C, when only PE crystals are formed, the morphology is defined by the formation of stacks of PE lamellae (17 nm thick) alternating with amorphous layers and with a long period of nearly 52 nm. At lower temperatures, when crystals of sPP are also well-formed, the morphology is more complex. A model of the morphology at room temperature is proposed based on the correlation distances determined from the self-correlation functions extracted from the SAXS data. Lamellar domains of PE (41.5 nm thick) and sPP (8.2 nm thick) alternate, each domain containing stacks of crystalline lamellae sandwiched by their own amorphous phase, forming a global morphology having a total lamellar periodicity of 49.7 nm, characterized by alternating amorphous and crystalline layers, where the crystalline layers are alternatively made of stacks of PE lamellae (22 nm thick) and thinner sPP lamellae (only 3.5 nm thick).
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9
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Di Girolamo R, Santillo C, Malafronte A, Scoti M, De Stefano F, Talarico G, Coates GW, De Rosa C. Structure and morphology of isotactic polypropylene–polyethylene block copolymers prepared with living and stereoselective catalyst. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00197g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Isotactic polypropylene–polyethylene block copolymers prepared with living and stereoselective catalyst allow linking incompatible crystalline polymers giving a lamellar morphology defined by competition between phase separation and crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Chiara Santillo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Geoffrey W. Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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10
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López-Barrón CR, Lambic NS, Throckmorton JA, Schaefer JJ, Smith A, Raushel FN, Lin TP. One-Pot Synthesis of High-Melt-Strength Isotactic Polypropylene Ionomers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikola S. Lambic
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | | | | | - Avery Smith
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Frank N. Raushel
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Tzu-Pin Lin
- ExxonMobil Chemical Company, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
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11
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Scoti M, De Stefano F, Di Girolamo R, Talarico G, Malafronte A, De Rosa C. Crystallization of Propene–Pentene Isotactic Copolymers as an Indicator of the General View of the Crystallization Behavior of Isotactic Polypropylene. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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12
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Liu R, Nie Y, Ming Y, Hao T, Zhou Z. Simulations on polymer nanocomposite crystallization. POLYMER CRYSTALLIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pcr2.10214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongjuan Liu
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Yijing Nie
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Yongqiang Ming
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Tongfan Hao
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
| | - Zhiping Zhou
- Research School of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China
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13
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Scoti M, Di Girolamo R, Giusto G, De Stefano F, Auriemma F, Malafronte A, Talarico G, De Rosa C. Mechanical Properties and Elastic Behavior of Copolymers of Syndiotactic Polypropylene with 1-Hexene and 1-Octene. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovangiuseppe Giusto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Finizia Auriemma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S.Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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14
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Zheng Y, Yu C, Bao Y, Shan G, Pan P. Temperature-dependent crystal structure and structural evolution of poly(glycolide-co-lactide) induced by comonomeric defect inclusion/exclusion. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Li Y, Li T, Li W, Lou Y, Liu L, Ma Z. The II-I Phase Transition Behavior of Butene-1 Copolymers with Hydroxyl Groups. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13081315. [PMID: 33923827 PMCID: PMC8074023 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystallization and II–I phase transition of functionalized polybutene-1 with hydroxyl groups were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that the incorporated hydroxyl groups increase the nucleation density but decrease the growth rate in melt crystallization. Interestingly, for the generated tetragonal form II, the presence of polar hydroxyl groups can effectively accelerate the phase transition into the thermodynamically stable modification of trigonal form I, especially with stepwise annealing and high incorporation. Using stepwise annealing, II–I phase transition was enhanced by an additional nucleation step performed at a relatively low temperature, and the optimal nucleation temperature to obtain the maximum transition degree was ‒10 °C, which is independent from the content of hydroxyl groups. Furthermore, the accelerating effect of hydroxyl groups on the II–I transition kinetics can be increased by reducing the crystallization temperature when preparing form II crystallites. These results provide a potential molecular design approach for developing polybutene-1 materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tao Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wei Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yahui Lou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Center for Terahertz Waves and College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhe Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (Y.L.); (T.L.); (W.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (Z.M.)
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17
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Scoti M, Di Girolamo R, De Stefano F, Giordano A, Malafronte A, Talarico G, Cipullo R, De Rosa C. Synthesis, structure and properties of copolymers of syndiotactic polypropylene with 1-hexene and 1-octene. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00975c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Incorporation of long branches, such as 1-hexene or 1-octene, in syndiotactic polypropylene gives novel elastomeric materials, whose crystallization behavior and elastic properties can be easily tailored through tuning of the branches concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Scoti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Angelo Giordano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Malafronte
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Cipullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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Thermo-responsive shape memory effect in isotactic propylene/1-butene copolymers. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Chen D, Tiwari SK, Ma Z, Wen J, Liu S, Li J, Wei F, Thummavichai K, Yang Z, Zhu Y, Wang N. Phase Behavior and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of IF-WS 2 Reinforced PP-PET Blend-Based Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102342. [PMID: 33066184 PMCID: PMC7602003 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The industrial advancement of high-performance technologies directly depends on the thermo-mechanical properties of materials. Here we give an account of a facile approach for the bulk production of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/polypropylene (PP)-based nanocomposite blend with Inorganic Fullerene Tungsten Sulfide (IF-WS2) nanofiller using a single extruder. Nanofiller IF-WS2 was produced by the rotary chemical vapor deposition (RCVD) method. Subsequently, IF-WS2 nanoparticles were dispersed in PET and PP in different loadings to access impact and their dispersion behavior in polymer matrices. As-prepared blend nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic differential scanning (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In this work, the tensile strength of the PP/PET matrix with 1% IF-WS2 increased by 31.8%, and the thermal stability of the sample PP/PET matrix with 2% increased by 18 °C. There was an extraordinary decrease in weight loss at elevated temperature for the nanocomposites in TGA analysis, which confirms the role of IF-WS2 on thermal stability versus plain nanocomposites. In addition, this method can also be used for the large-scale production of such materials used in high-temperature environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Santosh K. Tiwari
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Jiahao Wen
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Song Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Jiewei Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
| | - Feng Wei
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
| | - Kunyapat Thummavichai
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK; (K.T.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhuxian Yang
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK; (K.T.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK; (K.T.); (Z.Y.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Nannan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (D.C.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials, Ministry of Education, Guangxi Institute Fullerene Technology (GIFT), School of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.K.T.); (Z.M.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (F.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Z.); (N.W.)
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