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Tanaka T. Recent Advances in Polymers Bearing Activated Esters for the Synthesis of Glycopolymers by Postpolymerization Modification. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1100. [PMID: 38675019 PMCID: PMC11053895 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycopolymers are functional polymers with saccharide moieties on their side chains and are attractive candidates for biomaterials. Postpolymerization modification can be employed for the synthesis of glycopolymers. Activated esters are useful in various fields, including polymer chemistry and biochemistry, because of their high reactivity and ease of reaction. In particular, the formation of amide bonds caused by the reaction of activated esters with amino groups is of high synthetic chemical value owing to its high selectivity. It has been employed in the synthesis of various functional polymers, including glycopolymers. This paper reviews the recent advances in polymers bearing activated esters for the synthesis of glycopolymers by postpolymerization modification. The development of polymers bearing hydrophobic and hydrophilic activated esters is described. Although water-soluble activated esters are generally unstable and hydrolyzed in water, novel polymer backbones bearing water-soluble activated esters are stable and useful for postpolymerization modification for synthesizing glycopolymers in water. Dual postpolymerization modification can be employed to modify polymer side chains using two different molecules. Thiolactone and glycine propargyl esters on the polymer backbone are described as activated esters for dual postpolymerization modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonari Tanaka
- Department of Biobased Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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Mommer S, Warner N, Lienert C. γ-Functional Iminiumthiolactones for the Single and Double Modification of Peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:2302-2310. [PMID: 37994876 PMCID: PMC10739594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Thiolactones (TL) can be readily incorporated into polymeric materials and have been extensively used as a ligation strategy despite their limited reactivity toward amine-containing substrates. Comparatively, iminiumthiolactones (ITL) are much more reactive, yet to this day, only the nonsubstituted ITL known as Traut's reagent is commercially available and used. In this work, we advance current TL/ITL chemistry by introducing reactive side groups to the ITL heterocycle in the γ-position, which can be orthogonally modified without affecting the ITL heterocycle itself. To study the reactivity of γ-functional ITLs, we subject one of our derivatives (γ-allyl-functional ITL 3b) to model reactions with several peptides and a chosen protein (lysozyme C). Using mild reaction conditions, we successfully demonstrate that the γ-functional ITL exhibits orthogonal and enhanced reactivity in a single or double modification while introducing a new functional handle to the biological substrate. We believe that γ-functional ITLs will advance the original Traut chemistry and open promising opportunities for the bioconjugation of biological building blocks to existing functional molecules, polymers, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Warner
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K.
| | - Caroline Lienert
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer
Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K.
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Zhang G, Li C, Tan J, Wang M, Liu Z, Ren Y, Xue Y, Zhang Q. Double Modification of Poly(urethane-urea): Toward Healable, Tear-Resistant, and Mechanically Robust Elastomers for Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:2134-2146. [PMID: 36571454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polyurethane elastomers with mechanical robustness, tear resistance, and healing efficiency hold great potential in wearable sensors and soft robots. However, achieving excellent mechanical properties and healable capability simultaneously remains highly desirable but exclusive. Herein, we propose a straightforward procedure for double modification of poly(urethane-urea) (PUU) via thiolactone chemistry, and two different dynamic cross-linking bonds (disulfide linkages and Zn2+/imidazole coordination) are successively incorporated into the side chain of PUU, producing double cross-linking elastomers (PUU-I/Zn-S). The synergy between disulfide linkages and Zn2+/imidazole coordination forms a robust and dynamic network, endowing PUU-I/Zn-S with excellent mechanical and healing properties. The tensile stress, elongation at break, and toughness of the resultant elastomer can reach 44.06 MPa, 1000%, and 181.93 MJ m-3, respectively. Meanwhile, PUU-I/Zn-S exhibits outstanding tearing resistance with a tearing energy of 42.1 kJ m-2. The PUU-I/Zn-S can restore its mechanical robustness after self-healing at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) or 60 °C and even maintain 91% of its original tensile strength after reprocessing two times. Additionally, PUU-I/Zn-S-based strain sensors are fabricated by introducing conductive nanofillers and demonstrate remarkable sensing capability to diverse human body motions. This work demonstrates a simple and feasible method for the postfunctionalization and enhancement of polyurethane and provides some insights into reconciling the traditional contradictory properties of mechanical robustness and healing efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - JiaoJun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Light Chemistry Engineering Education, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Mingqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Zongxu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Yafeng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Ying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Qiuyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
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Wang D, Li X, Ge M, Lei L, Yang Y, Liu S, Zou M. Synthesis and research of basalt microfiber‐reinforced polyurethane elastomer composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danhui Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Mengchen Ge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Lisha Lei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
| | - Meishuai Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China
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Monie F, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Divergent Aminolysis Approach for Constructing Recyclable Self-Blown Nonisocyanate Polyurethane Foams. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:236-242. [PMID: 35574775 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We report an approach to fabricate self-blown nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) foams by capitalizing on the divergent chemistries of amines with cyclic carbonates─creating the polymer network─and thiolactone─delivering in situ a thiol that generates the blowing agent (CO2) by reaction with a cyclic carbonate. Multiple linkages (hydroxyurethanes, thioethers, and amides) are created within the polymer network by this domino process. This one-pot methodology furnishes flexible to rigid foams with open-cell morphology at moderate temperature. The foams are easily repurposed into films or structural composites by thermal treatment, showing the first example of recyclable NIPU foams. Remarkably, both the formation and the recycling of the thermoset foams do not necessarily require the use of a catalyst. This facile and robust process is opening new avenues for designing more sustainable PU foams and offers new end-of-life options by facile material repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Monie
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6A, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Illy N, Mongkhoun E. Thiolactone chemistry, a versatile platform for macromolecular engineering. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00731b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the extensive use of γ-thiolactone chemistry as a versatile and powerful tool for macromolecular engineering and the preparation of various polymer architectures, such as functional, alternating, or sequence-controlled (co)polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Illy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Emma Mongkhoun
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France
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