1
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Müller V, Matthes R, Wagner M, Bros M, Dreier P, Frey H. Tailoring thermoresponsiveness of biocompatible polyethers: copolymers of linear glycerol and ethyl glycidyl ether. Polym Chem 2023; 14:2599-2609. [PMID: 37261292 PMCID: PMC10228176 DOI: 10.1039/d3py00064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Linear polyglycerol is known as a highly hydrophilic and biocompatible polymer that is currently considered for numerous medical applications. Derived from this well-known structure, the synthesis of highly biocompatible, thermoresponsive polyether copolymers via statistical anionic ring-opening copolymerization of ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE) and ethoxy ethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE) is described. Subsequent deprotection of the acetal groups of EEGE yields copolymers of linear glycerol (linG) and EGE, P(linG-co-EGE). These copolymers showed monomodal and narrow molecular weight distributions with dispersities Đ ≤ 1.07. The microstructure was investigated via in situ1H NMR kinetics experiments, revealing reactivity ratios of rEEGE = 1.787 ± 0.007 and rEGE = 0.560 ± 0.002, showing a slightly favored incorporation of EEGE over EGE. Due to the deliberate incorporation of rather hydrophobic EGE units into the water soluble linPG, tunable thermoresponsive behavior is achieved with cloud point temperatures Tcp between 9.0-71.4 °C. Besides the commonly utilized method turbidimetry, temperature-dependent 1H NMR measurements were used for more accurate and reproducible results. The change of the hydrodynamic radii rH of the copolymers and their aggregates upon reaching Tcp was investigated via DOSY NMR spectroscopy. To explore possible biomedical applications, as an example, the cell viability and immunology of an exemplary P(linG-co-EGE) copolymer sample was investigated. Since both, cell viability and immunology are comparable to the gold standard PEG, the herein presented copolymers show high potential as biocompatible and thermoresponsive alternatives to PEG for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Chemistry Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Langenbeckstraße 1 D-55101 Mainz Germany
| | - Philip Dreier
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
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2
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Kandelhard F, Georgopanos P. A Kinetic and Heat Balance Model for Anionic Batch Block Copolymerization of Styrene and Isoprene. CHEM-ING-TECH 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kandelhard
- Helmoltz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Membrane Research Max-Planck-Straße 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
| | - Prokopios Georgopanos
- Helmoltz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Membrane Research Max-Planck-Straße 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany
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3
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Gavrilov AA, Potemkin II. Copolymers with Nonblocky Sequences as Novel Materials with Finely Tuned Properties. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1479-1489. [PMID: 36790352 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The copolymer sequence can be considered as a new tool to shape the resulting system properties on demand. This perspective is devoted to copolymers with "partially segregated" (or nonblocky) sequences. Such copolymers include gradient copolymers and copolymers with random sequences as well as copolymers with precisely controlled sequences. We overview recent developments in the synthesis of these systems as well as new findings regarding their properties, in particular, self-assembly in solutions and in melts. An emphasis is put on how the microscopic behavior of polymer chains is influenced by the chain sequences. In addition to that, a novel class of approaches allowing one to efficiently tackle the problem of copolymer chain sequence design─data driven methods (artificial intelligence and machine learning)─is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A Gavrilov
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I Potemkin
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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4
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Plank M, Frieß FV, Bitsch CV, Pieschel J, Reitenbach J, Gallei M. Modular Synthesis of Functional Block Copolymers by Thiol–Maleimide “Click” Chemistry for Porous Membrane Formation. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Plank
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Volker Frieß
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carina Vera Bitsch
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jens Pieschel
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Julija Reitenbach
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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5
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Hartmann F, Niebuur BJ, Koch M, Kraus T, Gallei M. Synthesis and Microphase Separation of Dendrimer-like Block Copolymers by Anionic Polymerization Strategies. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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6
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Wadgaonkar SP, Wagner M, Baptista LA, Cortes-Huerto R, Frey H, Müller AHE. Anionic Polymerization of the Terpene-Based Diene β-Ocimene: Complex Mechanism Due to Stereoisomer Reactivities. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani P. Wadgaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128Mainz, Germany
| | - Luis Andre Baptista
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128Mainz, Germany
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7
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Ntetsikas K, Ladelta V, Bhaumik S, Hadjichristidis N. Quo Vadis Carbanionic Polymerization? ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 3:158-181. [PMID: 37065716 PMCID: PMC10103213 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Living anionic polymerization will soon celebrate 70 years of existence. This living polymerization is considered the mother of all living and controlled/living polymerizations since it paved the way for their discovery. It provides methodologies for synthesizing polymers with absolute control of the essential parameters that affect polymer properties, including molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, composition and microstructure, chain-end/in-chain functionality, and architecture. This precise control of living anionic polymerization generated tremendous fundamental and industrial research activities, developing numerous important commodity and specialty polymers. In this Perspective, we present the high importance of living anionic polymerization of vinyl monomers by providing some examples of its significant achievements, presenting its current status, giving several insights into where it is going (Quo Vadis) and what the future holds for this powerful synthetic method. Furthermore, we attempt to explore its advantages and disadvantages compared to controlled/living radical polymerizations, the main competitors of living carbanionic polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ntetsikas
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Viko Ladelta
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Saibal Bhaumik
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikos Hadjichristidis
- Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, KAUST Catalysis Center, Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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Dreier P, Matthes R, Barent RD, Schüttner S, Müller AHE, Frey H. In Situ Kinetics Reveal the Influence of Solvents and Monomer Structure on the Anionic Ring‐Opening Copolymerization of Epoxides. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Dreier
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Ramona D. Barent
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Sandra Schüttner
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg‐University Duesbergweg 10–14 D‐55128 Mainz Germany
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9
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Wadgaonkar SP, Schüttner S, Berger-Nicoletti E, Müller AHE, Frey H. Anionic Copolymerization of 4-Trimethylsilylstyrene: From Kinetics to Gradient and Block Copolymers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani P. Wadgaonkar
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandra Schüttner
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Elena Berger-Nicoletti
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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10
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Matthes R, Frey H. Polyethers Based on Short-Chain Alkyl Glycidyl Ethers: Thermoresponsive and Highly Biocompatible Materials. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2219-2235. [PMID: 35622963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization of short-chain alkyl glycidyl ethers (SCAGEs) enables the synthesis of biocompatible polyethers with finely tunable hydrophilicity. Aliphatic polyethers, most prominently poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), are utilized in manifold biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and aqueous solubility. By incorporation of short hydrophobic side-chains at linear polyglycerol, control of aqueous solubility and the respective lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution is feasible. Concurrently, the chemically inert character in analogy to PEG is maintained, as no further functional groups are introduced at the polyether structure. Adjustment of the hydrophilicity and the thermoresponsive behavior of the resulting poly(glycidyl ether)s in a broad temperature range is achieved either by the combination of the different SCAGEs or with PEG as a hydrophilic block. Homopolymers of methyl and ethyl glycidyl ether (PGME, PEGE) are soluble in aqueous solution at room temperature. In contrast, n-propyl glycidyl ether and iso-propyl glycidyl ether lead to hydrophobic polyethers. The use of a variety of ring-opening polymerization techniques allows for controlled polymerization, while simultaneously determining the resulting microstructures. Atactic as well as isotactic polymers are accessible by utilization of the respective racemic or enantiomerically pure monomers. Polymer architectures varying from statistical copolymers, di- and triblock structures to star-shaped architectures, in combination with PEG, have been applied in various thermoresponsive hydrogel formulations or polymeric surface coatings for cell sheet engineering. Materials responding to stimuli are of increasing importance for "smart" biomedical systems, making thermoresponsive polyethers with short-alkyl ether side chains promising candidates for future biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
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11
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Galanos E, Wahlen C, Butt H, Frey H, Floudas G. Phase Diagram of Tapered Copolymers Based on Isoprene and Styrene. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eftyxis Galanos
- Department of Physics University of Ioannina P.O. Box 1186 Ioannina 451 10 Greece
| | - Christian Wahlen
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Mainz 55099 Germany
| | | | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Mainz 55099 Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics University of Ioannina P.O. Box 1186 Ioannina 451 10 Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz 55128 Germany
- University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI) – Institute of Materials Science and Computing Ioannina 45110 Greece
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12
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Barent R, Wagner M, Frey H. Geometric Requirements for Living Anionic Polymerization: Polymerization of rotationally constrained 1,3-Dienes. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00999d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The living anionic copolymerization of 1,3-dienes such as isoprene (I) or butadiene (B) can afford a variety of different polymer microstructures which determine the material’s properties. One decisive factor for...
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13
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Steube M, Johann T, Barent RD, Müller AH, Frey H. Rational design of tapered multiblock copolymers for thermoplastic elastomers. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Kandelhard F, Georgopanos P. Predici as a Polymer Engineers’ Tool for the Synthesis of Polymers via Anionic Polymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Kandelhard
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht 21502, Germany
| | - Prokopios Georgopanos
- Institute of Membrane Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht 21502, Germany
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15
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Wahlen C, Frey H. Anionic Polymerization of Terpene Monomers: New Options for Bio-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wahlen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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16
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Hervio V, Bresson B, Brûlet A, Paredes IJ, Sahu A, Briand V, Creton C, Sanoja GE. Evolution of the Nanostructure and Viscoelastic Properties of Nitrile Rubber upon Mechanical Rejuvenation and Physical Aging. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Hervio
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR 7615, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Bruno Bresson
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR 7615, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, UMR 12 CEA-CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Ingrid J. Paredes
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Ayaskanta Sahu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | | | - Costantino Creton
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR 7615, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
| | - Gabriel E. Sanoja
- Laboratoire Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matiére Molle, ESPCI Paris, Université PSL, CNRS UMR 7615, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75005, France
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17
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Steube M, Plank M, Gallei M, Frey H, Floudas G. Building Bridges by Blending: Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Binary Tapered Diblock/Multiblock Copolymer Blends. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Steube
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Mainz 55099 Germany
| | - Martina Plank
- Macromolecular Chemistry Department Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich‐Weiss Str. 4 Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry Saarland University Saarbrücken 66123 Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz Mainz 55099 Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics University of Ioannina Ioannina 45110 Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Mainz 55128 Germany
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18
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Fuchs DAH, Hübner H, Kraus T, Niebuur BJ, Gallei M, Frey H, Müller AHE. The effect of THF and the chelating modifier DTHFP on the copolymerisation of β-myrcene and styrene: kinetics, microstructures, morphologies, and mechanical properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00791b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Polar modifiers strongly affect the statistical anionic copolymerization of biobased β-myrcene with styrene, leading to a variety of morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik A. H. Fuchs
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hanna Hübner
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM-Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM-Leibniz-Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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19
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Wahlen C, Blankenburg J, von Tiedemann P, Ewald J, Sajkiewicz P, Müller AHE, Floudas G, Frey H. Tapered Multiblock Copolymers Based on Farnesene and Styrene: Impact of Biobased Polydiene Architectures on Material Properties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wahlen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Blankenburg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp von Tiedemann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Ewald
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paweł Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawińskiego 5b, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55125 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Steube M, Johann T, Hübner H, Koch M, Dinh T, Gallei M, Floudas G, Frey H, Müller AHE. Tetrahydrofuran: More than a “Randomizer” in the Living Anionic Copolymerization of Styrene and Isoprene: Kinetics, Microstructures, Morphologies, and Mechanical Properties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Steube
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Johann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hanna Hübner
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Marcus Koch
- INM—Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Thi Dinh
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P. O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg Universität Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Livitsanou C, Steube M, Johann T, Frey H, Floudas G. Local and Subchain Relaxation of Polyisoprene in Multiblock Copolymers with a Tapered Interface. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Livitsanou
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marvin Steube
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Johann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg—University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina (URCI), Institute of Materials Science and Computing, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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22
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Shaw L, Hutchings LR. Tales of the unexpected. The non-random statistical copolymerisation of myrcene and styrene in the presence of a polar modifier. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01099e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Terpene monomers such as myrcene are considered sustainable replacements for oil-based dienes in the production of sSBR. We present unexpected data for the anionic copolymerisation of myrcene and styrene in the presence of TMEDA, a polar modifier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd Shaw
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Doctoral Training in Soft Matter and Functional Interfaces (SOFI CDT)
- Durham University
- Durham
- UK
| | - Lian R. Hutchings
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Doctoral Training in Soft Matter and Functional Interfaces (SOFI CDT)
- Durham University
- Durham
- UK
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