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Guo Y, Kamara S, Zhang J, Wen H, Zheng M, Liu Y, Zhou L, Chen J, Zhu S, Zhang L. EBV LMP1-C terminal binding affibody molecule downregulates MEK/ERK/p90RSK pathway and inhibits the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in mouse tumor xenograft models. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1078504. [PMID: 36683690 PMCID: PMC9850235 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1078504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated malignancy most common in Southern China and Southeast Asia. In southern China, it is one of the major causes of cancer-related death. Despite improvement in radiotherapy and chemotherapy techniques, locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis remains the major causes for failure of treatment in NPC patients. Therefore, finding new specific drug targets for treatment interventions are urgently needed. Here, we report three potential ZLMP1-C affibody molecules (ZLMP1-C15, ZLMP1-C114 and ZLMP1-C277) that showed specific binding interactions for recombinant and native EBV LMP1 as determined by epitope mapping, co-localization and co-immunoprecipitation assays. The ZLMP1-C affibody molecules exhibited high antitumor effects on EBV-positive NPC cell lines and displayed minimal cytotoxicity towards EBV-negative NPC cell line. Moreover, ZLMP1-C277 showed higher antitumor efficacy than ZLMP1-C15 and ZLMP1-C114 affibody molecules. The ability of ZLMP1-C277 decrease the phosphorylation levels of up-stream activator phospho-Raf-1(Ser338), phospho-MEK1/2(Ser217/Ser221), phospho-ERK1/2(Thr202/Thr204), thereby leading to downstream suppression of phospho-p90RSK(Ser380) and transcription factor c-Fos. Importantly, tumor growth was reduced in tumor-bearing mice treated with ZLMP1-C277 and caused no apparent toxicity. Taken together, our findings provide evidence that ZLMP1-C277 as a promising therapeutic agent in EBV-associated NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Guo
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Saidu Kamara
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - He Wen
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maolin Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luqi Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanli Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Co-Targeting ErbB Receptors and the PI3K/AKT Axis in Androgen-Independent Taxane-Sensitive and Taxane-Resistant Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194626. [PMID: 36230550 PMCID: PMC9561990 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Advanced prostate cancer that has progressed after standard therapies such as hormone therapy and taxane-based chemotherapies is an invariably lethal disease state with limited treatment options. There remains an important need to continue to identify new treatment approaches for such patients. We used two cell culture models of prostate cancer that are resistant to hormonal therapy and chemotherapy, and which also manifest some characteristics that are often associated with advanced prostate cancer, such as neuroendocrine differentiation, to evaluate the potential anti-cancer effects of targeting the key molecules, ErbB receptors and AKT. Using several complementary approaches, we found that the concurrent targeting of ErbB receptors and AKT with specific inhibitors was more effective than targeting each of them individually, independent of the underlying molecular characteristics or relative degrees of resistance to the taxanes that defined the prostate cancer models that were studied. Enhanced anti-tumor responses occurred both in vitro and in vivo with dual targeting, with the consistent inhibition particularly of AKT occurring in both settings. These studies provide a framework to evaluate the role of signal pathway modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy in treatment-refractory prostate cancer. Abstract Using two representative models of androgen-independent prostate cancer (PCa), PC3 and DU145, and their respective paclitaxel- and docetaxel-resistant derivatives, we explored the anti-tumor activity of targeting the ErbB receptors and AKT using small-molecule kinase inhibitors. These cells manifest varying degrees of neuroendocrine differentiation characteristics and differ in their expression of functional PTEN. Although the specific downstream signaling events post the ErbB receptor and AKT co-targeting varied between the PC3- and DU145-lineage cells, synergistic anti-proliferative and enhanced pro-apoptotic responses occurred across the wild-type and the taxane-resistant cells, independent of their basal AKT activation state, their degree of paclitaxel- or docetaxel-resistance, or whether this resistance was mediated by the ATP Binding Cassette transport proteins. Dual targeting also led to enhanced anti-tumor responses in vivo, although there was pharmacodynamic discordance between the PCa cells in culture versus the tumor xenografts in terms of the relative activation and inhibition states of AKT and ERK under basal conditions and upon AKT and/or ErbB targeting. The consistent inhibition, particularly of AKT, occurred both in vitro and in vivo, independent of the underlying PTEN status. Thus, co-targeting AKT with ErbB, and possibly other partners, may be a useful strategy to explore further for potential therapeutic effect in advanced PCa.
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Liu H, Liang J, Ye X, Huang M, Ma L, Xie X, Liu D, Cao H, Simal-Gandara J, Rengasamy KRR, Wang Q, Xiao G, Xiao J. The potential role of extracellular vesicles in bioactive compound-based therapy: A review of recent developments. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10959-10973. [PMID: 35648042 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have explored the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs), driving an increasing interest in their application to human health. EVs have unique physicochemical traits to participate in intercellular communication, thus fostering the idea of using EVs to yield synergistic, preventive, and therapeutic effects. Many reports have shown that EVs contain natural bioactive compounds, such as lipids, proteins, RNA, and other active components that regulate biological processes, thereby contributing to human health. Therefore, in this review, we comprehensively elucidate various facets of the relationship between EVs and bioactive compounds that modulate EVs contents, including RNAs and proteins, discussing different forms of biological regulation. The use of EVs for cargo-loading bioactive compounds to exert biological functions and methods to load bioactive compounds into EVs are also discussed. This review highlighted the effect of EV-delivered bioactive compounds on several therapeutic mechanisms and applications, providing new insight into nutrition and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifan Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxi Liang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Ye
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaoru Huang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lukai Ma
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Xie
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongjie Liu
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense, Spain
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Qin Wang
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ourense, Spain
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Lv J, Xie M, Zhao S, Qiu W, Wang S, Cao M. Synergetic fabrication of hybrid drug formulation using biodegradable tri-block copolymeric liquid nanoparticle delivery for gastric cancer chemotherapy. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Generation of a novel affibody molecule targeting Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:1477-1487. [PMID: 33521848 PMCID: PMC7880956 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide and the most prevalent cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases. At present, there is no available vaccine, and recurrences after antibiotics treatment are substantial problems. Major outer membrane protein (MOMP) accounts for 60% of the outer mass of C. trachomatis, functioning as trimeric porin, and it is highly antigenic. Therefore, MOMP is the most promising candidate for vaccine developing and target therapy of Chlamydia. Affibody, a new class of affinity ligands derived from the Z-domain in the binding region of Staphylococcus aureus protein A, has been the focus of researchers as a viable alternative to antibodies. In this study, the MOMP-targeted affibody molecule (ZMOMP:461) was screened by phage-displayed peptide library. Further, the affinity and specificity were characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and Western blot. Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) indicated that the MOMP-binding affibody could recognize native MOMP in HeLa229 cells infected C. trachomatis. Immunoprecipitation assay confirmed further that ZMOMP:461 molecule specifically recognizes the epitope on relaxed trimer MOMP. Our findings provide strong evidence that affibody molecule (ZMOMP:461) serves as substitute for MOMP antibody for biological applications and has a great potential for delivering drugs for target therapy. Key points • We screened a novel affibody molecule ZMOMP:461 targeting Chlamydia trachomatis MOMP. • ZMOMP:461 recognizes the recombinant and native MOMP with high affinity and specificity. • ZMOMP:461 could be internalized into live target cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-021-11128-x.
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McCullough D, Atofanei C, Knight E, Trim SA, Trim CM. Kinome scale profiling of venom effects on cancer cells reveals potential new venom activities. Toxicon 2020; 185:129-146. [PMID: 32682827 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The search for novel and relevant cancer therapeutics is continuous and ongoing. Cancer adaptations, resulting in therapeutic treatment failures, fuel this continuous necessity for new drugs to novel targets. Recently, researchers have started to investigate the effect of venoms and venom components on different types of cancer, investigating their mechanisms of action. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) comprise a family of highly conserved and functionally important druggable targets for cancer therapy. This research exploits the novelty of complex venom mixtures to affect phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and related RTK family members, dually identifying new activities and unexplored avenues for future cancer and venom research. Six whole venoms from diverse species taxa, were evaluated for their ability to illicit changes in the phosphorylated expression of a panel of 49 commonly expressed RTKs. The triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468 was treated with optimised venom doses, pre-determined by SDS PAGE and Western blot analysis. The phosphorylated expression levels of 49 RTKs in response to the venoms were assessed with the use of Human Phospho-RTK Arrays and analysed using ImageLab 5.2.1 analysis software (BioRad). Inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation occurred with treatment of venom from Acanthoscurria geniculata (Theraphosidae), Heterometrus swammerdami (Scorpionidae), Crotalus durissus vegrandis (Crotalidae) and Naja naja (Elapidae). Western green mamba Dendroaspis viridis venom increased EGFR phosphorylation. Eph, HGFR and HER were the most affected receptor families by venoms. Whilst the importance of these changes in terms of effect on MDA-MB-468 cells' long-term viability and functionality are still unclear, the findings present exciting opportunities for further investigation as potential drug targets in cancer and as tools to understand better how these pathways interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle McCullough
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Cristina Atofanei
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK
| | - Emily Knight
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK; Life Sciences Industry Liaison laboratory, Canterbury Christ Church University, Discovery Park, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9FF, UK
| | - Steven A Trim
- Venomtech Ltd., Discovery Park, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9FF, UK
| | - Carol M Trim
- School of Human and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, CT1 1QU, UK.
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Johnson SN, Griffin JD, Hulbert C, DeKosky BJ, Thomas JW, Berkland CJ. Multimeric Insulin Desensitizes Insulin-Specific B Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6319-6330. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N. Johnson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - J. Daniel Griffin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Chrys Hulbert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Brandon J. DeKosky
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - James W. Thomas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Cory J. Berkland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Dahlsson Leitao C, S. Rinne S, Altai M, Vorontsova O, Dunås F, Jonasson P, Tolmachev V, Löfblom J, Ståhl S, Orlova A. Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Mono- and Bivalent Affibody-Based Fusion Proteins Targeting HER3 in a Pancreatic Cancer Xenograft Model. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060551. [PMID: 32545760 PMCID: PMC7356278 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) has been increasingly scrutinized as a potential drug target since the elucidation of its role in mediating tumor growth and acquired therapy resistance. Affibody molecules are so-called scaffold proteins with favorable biophysical properties, such as a small size for improved tissue penetration and extravasation, thermal and chemical stability, and a high tolerance to modifications. Additionally, affibody molecules are efficiently produced in prokaryotic hosts or by chemical peptide synthesis. We have previously evaluated the biodistribution profiles of five mono- and bivalent anti-HER3 affibody molecules (designated as 3) fused to an albumin-binding domain (designated as A), 3A, 33A, 3A3, A33, and A3, that inhibit ligand-dependent phosphorylation. In the present study, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of the three most promising variants, 3A, 33A, and 3A3, in a direct comparison with the HER3-targeting monoclonal antibody seribantumab (MM-121) in a preclinical BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer model. Xenografted mice were treated with either an affibody construct or MM-121 and the tumor growth was compared to a vehicle group. Receptor occupancy was estimated by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging using a HER3-targeting affibody imaging agent [68Ga]Ga-(HE)3-Z08698-NODAGA. The affibody molecules could inhibit ligand-dependent phosphorylation and cell proliferation in vitro and demonstrated tumor growth inhibition in vivo comparable to that of MM-121. PET/CT imaging showed full receptor occupancy for all tested drug candidates. Treatment with 3A and 3A3 affibody constructs was more efficient than with 33A and similar to the anti-HER3 antibody seribantumab, showing that the molecular design of affibody-based therapeutics targeting HER3 in terms of the relative position of functional domains and valency has an impact on therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Dahlsson Leitao
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.D.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Sara S. Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); or (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Altai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); or (M.A.)
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (O.V.); (V.T.)
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Olga Vorontsova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (O.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Finn Dunås
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (F.D.); (P.J.)
| | - Per Jonasson
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden; (F.D.); (P.J.)
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; (O.V.); (V.T.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.D.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Stefan Ståhl
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; (C.D.L.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (S.S.R.); or (M.A.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (A.O.)
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Zhu S, Chen J, Xiong Y, Kamara S, Gu M, Tang W, Chen S, Dong H, Xue X, Zheng ZM, Zhang L. Novel EBV LMP-2-affibody and affitoxin in molecular imaging and targeted therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008223. [PMID: 31905218 PMCID: PMC6964910 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is closely linked to several human malignancies including endemic Burkitt’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC). Latent membrane protein 2 (LMP-2) of EBV plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of EBV-related tumors and thus, is a potential target for diagnosis and targeted therapy of EBV LMP-2+ malignant cancers. Affibody molecules are developing as imaging probes and tumor-targeted delivery of small molecules. In this study, four EBV LMP-2-binding affibodies (ZEBV LMP-212, ZEBV LMP-2132, ZEBV LMP-2137, and ZEBV LMP-2142) were identified by screening a phage-displayed LMP-2 peptide library for molecular imaging and targeted therapy in EBV xenograft mice model. ZEBV LMP-2 affibody has high binding affinity for EBV LMP-2 and accumulates in mouse tumor derived from EBV LMP-2+ xenografts for 24 h after intravenous (IV) injection. Subsequent fusion of Pseudomonas exotoxin PE38KDEL to the ZEBV LMP-2 142 affibody led to production of Z142X affitoxin. This fused Z142X affitoxin exhibits high cytotoxicity specific for EBV+ cells in vitro and significant antitumor effect in mice bearing EBV+ tumor xenografts by IV injection. The data provide the proof of principle that EBV LMP-2-speicifc affibody molecules are useful for molecular imaging diagnosis and have potentials for targeted therapy of LMP-2-expressing EBV malignancies. Molecular imaging diagnosis and targeted therapy have been successfully used for several types of tumors, but not yet applied to diagnose or treat EBV-associated NPC. Affibody molecules are small proteins engineered to bind to a large number of target proteins with high affinity, and therefore, can be developed as potential biopharmaceutical drugs for molecular diagnosis and therapeutic applications. In the present study, we screened and characterized EBV LMP-2-specific affibodies and evaluated their usage in molecular imaging of LMP-2 expressing cells and EBV LMP-2 tumor-bearing mice. Subsequently, we engineered and obtained an EBV LMP-2 affitoxin based on EBV LMP-2-binding affibodies and demonstrated its targeted cytotoxicity for EBV+ cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Our data indicate that the EBV LMP-2-specific affibody and its derived affitoxin are useful for diagnosis of LMP-2 expressing cells and targeted therapy of EBV-derived, LMP-2+ malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanli Zhu
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yirong Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Saidu Kamara
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Meiping Gu
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Wanlin Tang
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shao Chen
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Haiyan Dong
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ming Zheng
- Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, RNA Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ZMZ); (LZ)
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
- * E-mail: (ZMZ); (LZ)
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Gebauer M, Skerra A. Engineering of binding functions into proteins. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:230-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Schardt JS, Noonan-Shueh M, Oubaid JM, Pottash AE, Williams SC, Hussain A, Lapidus RG, Lipkowitz S, Jay SM. HER3-Targeted Affibodies with Optimized Formats Reduce Ovarian Cancer Progression in a Mouse Xenograft Model. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:48. [PMID: 30949858 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase HER3 is negatively correlated with survival in ovarian cancer, and HER3 overexpression is associated with cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Thus, improvements in HER3-targeted therapy could lead to significant clinical impact for ovarian cancer patients. Previous work from our group established multivalency as a potential strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of HER3-targeted ligands, including affibodies. Others have established HER3 affibodies as viable and potentially superior alternatives to monoclonal antibodies for cancer therapy. Here, bivalent HER3 affibodies were engineered for optimized production, specificity, and function as evaluated in an ovarian cancer xenograft model. Enhanced inhibition of HER3-mediated signaling and increased HER3 downregulation associated with multivalency could be achieved with a simplified construct, potentially increasing translational potential. Additionally, functional effects of affibodies due to multivalency were found to be specific to HER3 targeting, suggesting a unique molecular mechanism. Further, HER3 affibodies demonstrated efficacy in ovarian cancer xenograft mouse models, both as single agents and in combination with carboplatin. Overall, these results reinforce the potential of HER3-targeted affibodies for cancer therapy and establish treatment of ovarian cancer as an application where multivalent HER3 ligands may be useful. Further, this work introduces the potential of HER3 affibodies to be utilized as part of clinically relevant combination therapies (e.g., with carboplatin).
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Schardt
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA.,Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Madeleine Noonan-Shueh
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Jinan M Oubaid
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Alex Eli Pottash
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Sonya C Williams
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - Arif Hussain
- Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.,Translational Laboratory Shared Service, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stanley Lipkowitz
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Steven M Jay
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3116 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA. .,Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America. .,Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America.
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12
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Hober S, Lindbo S, Nilvebrant J. Bispecific applications of non-immunoglobulin scaffold binders. Methods 2019; 154:143-152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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13
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Influence of Molecular Design on the Targeting Properties of ABD-Fused Mono- and Bi-Valent Anti-HER3 Affibody Therapeutic Constructs. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100164. [PMID: 30314301 PMCID: PMC6210767 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) is associated with tumour cell resistance to HER-targeted therapies. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting HER3 are currently being investigated for treatment of various types of cancers. Cumulative evidence suggests that affibody molecules may be appropriate alternatives to mAbs. We previously reported a fusion construct (3A3) containing two HER3-targeting affibody molecules flanking an engineered albumin-binding domain (ABD035) included for the extension of half-life in circulation. The 3A3 fusion protein (19.7 kDa) was shown to delay tumour growth in mice bearing HER3-expressing xenografts and was equipotent to the mAb seribantumab. Here, we have designed and explored a series of novel formats of anti-HER3 affibody molecules fused to the ABD in different orientations. All constructs inhibited heregulin-induced phosphorylation in HER3-expressing BxPC-3 and DU-145 cell lines. Biodistribution studies demonstrated extended the half-life of all ABD-fused constructs, although at different levels. The capacity of our ABD-fused proteins to accumulate in HER3-expressing tumours was demonstrated in nude mice bearing BxPC-3 xenografts. Formats where the ABD was located on the C-terminus of affibody binding domains (3A, 33A, and 3A3) provided the best tumour targeting properties in vivo. Further development of these promising candidates for treatment of HER3-overexpressing tumours is therefore justified.
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14
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Valcourt DM, Harris J, Riley RS, Dang M, Wang J, Day ES. Advances in targeted nanotherapeutics: From bioconjugation to biomimicry. NANO RESEARCH 2018; 11:4999-5016. [PMID: 31772723 PMCID: PMC6879063 DOI: 10.1007/s12274-018-2083-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Since the emergence of cancer nanomedicine, researchers have had intense interest in developing nanoparticles (NPs) that can specifically target diseased sites while avoiding healthy tissue to mitigate the off-target effects seen with conventional treatments like chemotherapy. Initial endeavors focused on the bioconjugation of targeting agents to NPs, and more recently, researchers have begun to develop biomimetic NP platforms that can avoid immune recognition to maximally accumulate in tumors. In this review, we describe the advantages and limitations of each of these targeting strategies. First, we review developments in bioconjugation strategies, where NPs are coated with biomolecules such as antibodies, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules to enable cell-specific binding. While bioconjugated NPs offer many exciting features and have improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution relative to unmodified NPs, they are still recognized by the body as "foreign", resulting in their clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). To overcome this limitation, researchers have recently begun to investigate biomimetic approaches that can hide NPs from immune recognition and reduce clearance by the MPS. These biomimetic NPs fall into two distinct categories: synthetic NPs that present naturally occurring structures, and NPs that are completely disguised by natural structures. Overall, bioconjugated and biomimetic NPs have substantial potential to improve upon conventional treatments by reducing off-target effects through site-specific delivery, and they show great promise for future standards of care. Here, we provide a summary of each strategy, discuss considerations for their design moving forward, and highlight their potential clinical impact on cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Valcourt
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jenna Harris
- 201 DuPont Hall, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Rachel S Riley
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Megan Dang
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Jianxin Wang
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Emily S Day
- 161 Colburn Lab, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- 201 DuPont Hall, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- 4701 Ogletown Stanton Road, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute, Newark, DE 19713, USA
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15
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Orlova A, Bass TZ, Rinne SS, Leitao CD, Rosestedt M, Atterby C, Gudmundsdotter L, Frejd FY, Löfblom J, Tolmachev V, Ståhl S. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of a HER3-Binding Affibody Construct TAM-HER3 in Comparison with a Monoclonal Antibody, Seribantumab. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3394-3403. [PMID: 29995421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 3 (HER3) is recognized to be involved in resistance to HER-targeting therapies. A number of HER3-targeting monoclonal antibodies are under clinical investigation as potential cancer therapeutics. Smaller high-affinity scaffold proteins are attractive non-Fc containing alternatives to antibodies. A previous study indicated that anti-HER3 affibody molecules could delay the growth of xenografted HER3-positive tumors. Here, we designed a second-generation HER3-targeting construct (TAM-HER3), containing two HER3-specific affibody molecules bridged by an albumin-binding domain (ABD) for extension of blood circulation. Receptor blocking activity was demonstrated in vitro. In mice bearing BxPC-3 xenografts, the therapeutic efficacy of TAM-HER3 was compared to the HER3-specific monoclonal antibody seribantumab (MM-121). TAM-HER3 inhibited heregulin-induced phosphorylation in a panel of HER3-expressing cancer cells and was found to be equally as potent as seribantumab in terms of therapeutic efficacy in vivo and with a similar safety profile. Median survival times were 60 days for TAM-HER3, 54 days for seribantumab, and 41 days for the control group. No pathological changes were observed in cytopathological examination. The multimeric HER3-binding affibody molecule in fusion to ABD seems promising for further evaluation as candidate therapeutics for treatment of HER3-overexpressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.,Science for Life Laboratory , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Tarek Z Bass
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Sara S Rinne
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Charles Dahlsson Leitao
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Maria Rosestedt
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Christina Atterby
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.,Affibody AB , Solna , Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Stefan Ståhl
- Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Stockholm , Sweden
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16
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Merino M, Zalba S, Garrido MJ. Immunoliposomes in clinical oncology: State of the art and future perspectives. J Control Release 2018; 275:162-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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17
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Tumor target amplification: Implications for nano drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2018; 275:142-161. [PMID: 29454742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells overexpress surface markers which are absent from normal cells. These tumor-restricted antigenic signatures are a fundamental basis for distinguishing on-target from off-target cells for ligand-directed targeting of cancer cells. Unfortunately, tumor heterogeneity impedes the establishment of a solid expression pattern for a given target marker, leading to drastic changes in quality (availability) and quantity (number) of the target. Consequently, a subset of cancer cells remains untargeted during the course of treatment, which subsequently promotes drug-resistance and cancer relapse. Since target inefficiency is only problematic for cancer treatment and not for treatment of other pathological conditions such as viral/bacterial infections, target amplification or the generation of novel targets is key to providing eligible antigenic markers for effective targeted therapy. This review summarizes the limitations of current ligand-directed targeting strategies and provides a comprehensive overview of tumor target amplification strategies, including self-amplifying systems, dual targeting, artificial markers and peptide modification. We also discuss the therapeutic and diagnostic potential of these approaches, the underlying mechanism(s) and established methodologies, mostly in the context of different nanodelivery systems, to facilitate more effective ligand-directed cancer cell monitoring and targeting.
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18
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Liu J, Chen H, Fu Y, Li X, Chen Y, Zhang H, Wang Z. Fabrication of multifunctional ferric oxide nanoparticles for tumor-targeted magnetic resonance imaging and precise photothermal therapy with magnetic field enhancement. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8554-8562. [PMID: 32264523 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01959a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a biocompatible nanotheranostic platform (termed as Fe2O3@PDA-affibody) has been constructed on the basis of coating a near-infrared light (NIR)-absorbing polydopamine (PDA) shell on oleic acid-capped superparamagnetic ferric oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) using the water-in-oil microemulsion method and then conjugated with affibody ZIGF1R:4551, a peptide with high affinity to tumor and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) stabilizer. The Fe2O3@PDA-affibody integrates T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), tumor-targeting, and magnetic field (MF)-enhanced photothermal therapy (PTT) functionalities into an all-in-one system. The Fe2O3@PDA-affibody shows high negative contrast in the MRI of an SW620 tumor bearing mouse with a decrease of 68% MRI signal, indicating that the Fe2O3@PDA-affibody can recognize tumor with high efficacy and specificity. Furthermore, a high accumulation ratio (>13.5% ID g-1) and enhanced inhibition of tumor growth are achieved under near-infrared (NIR) (808 nm) laser irradiation with the aid of an external MF focused on the targeted tumor, resulting in complete eradication of mouse-borne SW620 tumors without regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China.
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19
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Fusion of gelonin and anti-insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) affibody for enhanced brain cancer therapy. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1094-1104. [PMID: 28900896 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the extraordinary potency in inhibiting protein translation that could eventually lead to apoptosis of tumor cells, ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) such as gelonin have been considered attractive drug candidates for cancer therapy. However, due to several critical obstacles (e.g., severe toxicity issues caused by a lack of selectivity in their mode of action and the low cytotoxicity via poor cellular uptake, etc.), clinical application of RIPs is yet far from being accomplished. To overcome these challenges, in the present study, we engineered gelonin fusion proteins with anti-insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) affibody ("IAFF") via the genetic recombinant method and the SpyCatcher/SpyTag-mediated conjugation method. To this end, recombinant gelonin-anti-IGF-1R affibody (rGel-IAFF), gelonin-SpyCatcher (Gel-SpyCatcher) and SpyTag-IAFF fusion proteins were produced from the E. coli expression system, and gelonin-IAFF conjugate was synthesized by mixing Gel-SpyCatcher and SpyTag-IAFF. After preparation of both rGel-IAFF and Gel-IAFF conjugate, their components' functionality was characterized in vitro. Our assay results confirmed that, while both Gel-IAFF and Gel-SpyCatcher retained equipotent N-glycosidase activity to that of gelonin, IAFF was able to selectively bind to IGF-1R overexpressed U87 MG brain cancer cells over low expression LNCaP cells. The results of cellular analyses showed that rGel-IAFF and Gel-IAFF conjugate both exhibited a greater cell uptake in the U87 MG cells than gelonin, but not in the LNCaP cells, yielding a significantly augmented cytotoxicity only in the U87 MG cells. Remarkably, rGel-IAFF and Gel-IAFF conjugate displayed 22- and 5.6-fold lower IC50 values (avg. IC50: 180 and 720 nM, respectively) than gelonin (avg. IC50: 4000 nM) in the U87 MG cells. Overall, the results of the present research demonstrated that fusion of gelonin with IAFF could provide an effective way to enhance the anti-tumor activity, while reducing the associated toxicity of gelonin.
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20
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Ståhl S, Gräslund T, Eriksson Karlström A, Frejd FY, Nygren PÅ, Löfblom J. Affibody Molecules in Biotechnological and Medical Applications. Trends Biotechnol 2017; 35:691-712. [PMID: 28514998 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Affibody molecules are small (6.5-kDa) affinity proteins based on a three-helix bundle domain framework. Since their introduction 20 years ago as an alternative to antibodies for biotechnological applications, the first therapeutic affibody molecules have now entered clinical development and more than 400 studies have been published in which affibody molecules have been developed and used in a variety of contexts. In this review, we focus primarily on efforts over the past 5 years to explore the potential of affibody molecules for medical applications in oncology, neurodegenerative, and inflammation disorders, including molecular imaging, receptor signal blocking, and delivery of toxic payloads. In addition, we describe recent examples of biotechnological applications, in which affibody molecules have been exploited as modular affinity fusion partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ståhl
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Torbjörn Gräslund
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Fredrik Y Frejd
- Unit of Biomedical Radiation Sciences, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Affibody AB, Gunnar Asplunds Allé 24, SE-171 69 Solna, Sweden
| | - Per-Åke Nygren
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John Löfblom
- Division of Protein Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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