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Sadighi A, Leggio L, Akhlaghi F. Development of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Prediction of Ethanol Concentration-Time Profile in Different Organs. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:401-414. [PMID: 33316031 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach was used to simulate the concentration-time profile of ethanol (EtOH) in stomach, duodenum, plasma and other tissues upon consumption of beer and whiskey under fasted and fed conditions. METHODS A full PBPK model was developed for EtOH using the advanced dissolution, absorption and metabolism (ADAM) model fully integrated into the Simcyp Simulator® 15 (Simcyp Ltd., Sheffield, UK). The prediction performance of the developed model was verified and the EtOH concentration-time profile in different organs was predicted. RESULTS Simcyp simulation showed ≤ 2-fold difference in values of EtOH area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) in stomach and duodenum as compared to the observed values. Moreover, the simulated EtOH maximum concentration (Cmax), time to reach Cmax (Tmax) and AUC in plasma were comparable to the observed values. We showed that liver is exposed to the highest EtOH concentration, faster than other organs (Cmax = 839.50 mg/L and Tmax = 0.53 h), while brain exposure of EtOH (AUC = 1139.43 mg·h/L) is the highest among all other organs. Sensitivity analyses (SAs) showed direct proportion of EtOH rate and extent of absorption with administered EtOH dose and inverse relationship with gastric emptying time (GE) and steady-state volume of distribution (Vss). CONCLUSIONS The current PBPK model approach might help with designing in vitro experiments in the area of alcohol organ damage or alcohol-drug interaction studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Sadighi
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Lorenzo Leggio
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, 10 Center Drive (10CRC/15330), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Medication Development Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.,Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA.,Division of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Road, Washington D.C., DC 20007, USA
| | - Fatemeh Akhlaghi
- Clinical Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 7 Greenhouse Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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Honda M, Hori S, Kobayashi H, Hamada K, Kawamura H, Nakayama Y, Todate Y, Miyakawa T, Takano Y, Sato A, Konno S. Comparison of ethanol concentrations after drinking in patients who underwent total gastrectomy versus healthy controls. ANZ J Surg 2021; 91:E474-E478. [PMID: 33876538 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The safety of drinking in patients who have undergone total gastrectomy for gastric cancer has not been established. We conducted a clinical trial to investigate the trend in alcohol absorption in actual patients. METHODS Patients who received total gastrectomy with lymph-node dissection and Roux-en-Y reconstruction six or more months ago were enrolled. Participants drank 1 unit (20 g) of ethanol within 1 h starting at least 1 h after a meal. The blood alcohol concentration (BAC) was then estimated by a measurement of the breath alcohol concentration. The peak and trend in the BAC in patients was compared with that in healthy volunteers who were matched with patients for the alcohol-sensitive genotype. RESULTS Ten patients and 10 healthy people were enrolled in the BAC evaluation. The peak BAC (%) was 0.158 in patients after total gastrectomy versus 0.110 in control (P < 0.001). The mean half-life of BAC was 58.0 min in the patient group and 94.0 min in the control group, although the mean time to complete drinking was significantly longer in the patient group than in the control group at 40.8 versus 21.9 min (P = 0.009). CONCLUSION Drinking alcohol is likely to carry a risk of increasing the BAC in patients who have undergone total gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michitaka Honda
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Soshi Hori
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Hamada
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kawamura
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yujiro Nakayama
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Todate
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Teppei Miyakawa
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgical and Medical Oncology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Takano
- Department of Surgery, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Atai Sato
- Department of Surgery, Southern TOHOKU General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Shinichi Konno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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Six years of progress in the oral biopharmaceutics area – A summary from the IMI OrBiTo project. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 152:236-247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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