1
|
Shamsabadi AA, Fang H, Zhang D, Thakur A, Chen CY, Zhang A, Wang H, Anasori B, Soroush M, Gogotsi Y, Fakhraai Z. The Evolution of MXenes Conductivity and Optical Properties Upon Heating in Air. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2300568. [PMID: 37454348 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, a family of 2D transition-metal carbides and nitrides, have excellent electrical conductivity and unique optical properties. However, MXenes oxidize in ambient conditions, which is accelerated upon heating. Intercalation of water also causes hydrolysis accelerating oxidation. Developing new tools to readily characterize MXenes' thermal stability can enable deeper insights into their structure-property relationships. Here, in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is employed to characterize the optical properties of three types of MXenes (Ti3 C2 Tx , Mo2 TiC2 Tx , and Ti2 CTx ) with varied composition and atomistic structures to investigate their thermal degradation upon heating under ambient environment. It is demonstrated that changes in MXene extinction and optical conductivity in the visible and near-IR regions correlate well with the amount of intercalated water and hydroxyl termination groups and the degree of oxidation, measured using thermogravimetric analysis. Among the three MXenes, Ti3 C2 Tx and Ti2 CTx , respectively, have the highest and lowest thermal stability, indicating the role of transition-metal type, synthesis route, and the number of atomic layers in MXene flakes. These findings demonstrate the utility of SE as a powerful in situ technique for rapid structure-property relationship studies paving the way for the further design, fabrication, and property optimization of novel MXene materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A Shamsabadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Danzhen Zhang
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anupma Thakur
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Cindy Y Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aixi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Haonan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering and Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Masoud Soroush
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yury Gogotsi
- A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Material Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zahra Fakhraai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
West CA, Lee SA, Shooter J, Searles EK, Goldwyn HJ, Willets KA, Link S, Masiello DJ. Nonlinear effects in single-particle photothermal imaging. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:024202. [PMID: 36641380 DOI: 10.1063/5.0132167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although photothermal imaging was originally designed to detect individual molecules that do not emit or small nanoparticles that do not scatter, the technique is now being applied to image and spectroscopically characterize larger and more sophisticated nanoparticle structures that scatter light strongly. Extending photothermal measurements into this regime, however, requires revisiting fundamental assumptions made in the interpretation of the signal. Herein, we present a theoretical analysis of the wavelength-resolved photothermal image and its extension to the large particle scattering regime, where we find the photothermal signal to inherit a nonlinear dependence upon pump intensity, together with a contraction of the full-width-at-half-maximum of its point spread function. We further analyze theoretically the extent to which photothermal spectra can be interpreted as an absorption spectrum measure, with deviations between the two becoming more prominent with increasing pump intensities. Companion experiments on individual 10, 20, and 100 nm radius gold nanoparticles evidence the predicted nonlinear pump power dependence and image contraction, verifying the theory and demonstrating new aspects of photothermal imaging relevant to a broader class of targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire A West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Stephen A Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Jesse Shooter
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Emily K Searles
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - Harrison J Goldwyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
| | - David J Masiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kim WG, Devaraj V, Yang Y, Lee JM, Kim JT, Oh JW, Rho J. Three-dimensional plasmonic nanoclusters driven by co-assembly of thermo-plasmonic nanoparticles and colloidal quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16450-16457. [PMID: 36214195 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03737h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanoparticles that support localized surface plasmons have emerged as fundamental iconic building blocks for nanoscale photonics. Self-assembled clustering of plasmonic nanoparticles with controlled near-field interactions offers an interesting novel route to manipulate the electromagnetic fields at a subwavelength scale. Various bottom-up, self-assembly manners have been successfully devised to build plasmonic nanoparticle clusters displaying attractive optical properties. However, the incapability to configure on-demand architectures limits its practical reliability uses for scalable nanophotonic devices. Furthermore, a critical challenge has been addressing the accurate positioning of functional nanoparticles, including catalytic nanoparticles, dielectric nanoparticles, and quantum dots (QDs) in the clustered plasmonic hotspots. This work proposes a micropipette-based self-assembly method to fabricate three-dimensional architectures composed of colloidal clusters. The heterogeneous colloidal clusters comprising metallic nanoparticles and QDs are fabricated in one step by the micropipette-based self-assembly method. A plasmonic clustered pillar embedding QDs exhibited excellent photoluminescence characteristics compared to a collapsed pillar. The experimental and theoretical demonstration of the localized surface plasmon resonance and thermo-plasmonic properties of the colloidal clusters was performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won-Geun Kim
- BIT Fusion Technology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Vasanthan Devaraj
- BIT Fusion Technology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younghwan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Min Lee
- Center of Nano Convergence Technology and School of Nanoconvergence Technology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Ji Tae Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jin-Woo Oh
- BIT Fusion Technology Center, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nano Fusion Technology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanoenergy Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsuk Rho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- POSCO-POSTECH-RIST Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reinhardt PA, Crawford AP, West CA, DeLong G, Link S, Masiello DJ, Willets KA. Toward Quantitative Nanothermometry Using Single-Molecule Counting. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12197-12205. [PMID: 34723520 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Photothermal heating of nanoparticles has applications in nanomedicine, photocatalysis, photoelectrochemistry, and data storage, but accurate measurements of temperature at the nanoparticle surface are lacking. Here we demonstrate progress toward a super-resolution DNA nanothermometry technique capable of reporting the surface temperature on single plasmonic nanoparticles. Gold nanoparticles are functionalized with double-stranded DNA, and the extent of DNA denaturation under heating conditions serves as a reporter of temperature. Fluorescently labeled DNA oligomers are used to probe the denatured DNA through transient binding interactions. By counting the number of fluorescent binding events as a function of temperature, we reconstruct DNA melting curves that reproduce trends seen for solution-phase DNA. In addition, we demonstrate our ability to control the temperature of denaturation by changing the Na+ concentration and the base pair length of the double-stranded DNA on the nanoparticle surface. This degree of control allows us to select narrow temperature windows to probe, providing quantitative measurements of temperature at nanoscale surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip A Reinhardt
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Abigail P Crawford
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Claire A West
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Gabe DeLong
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - David J Masiello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Katherine A Willets
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| |
Collapse
|