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Domján J, Pantea E, Gyürkés M, Madarász L, Kozák D, Farkas A, Horváth B, Benkő Z, Nagy ZK, Marosi G, Hirsch E. Real-time amino acid and glucose monitoring system for the automatic control of nutrient feeding in CHO cell culture using raman spectroscopy. Biotechnol J 2022; 17:e2100395. [PMID: 35084785 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An innovative, Raman spectroscopy-based monitoring and control system is introduced in this paper for designing dynamic feeding strategies that allow the maintenance of key cellular nutrients at an ideal level in Chinese hamster ovary cell culture. The Partial Least Squares calibration models built for glucose, lactate and 16 (out of 20) individual amino acids had very good predictive power with low root mean square errors values and high square correlation coefficients. The developed models used for real-time measurement of nutrient and by-product concentrations allowed us to gain better insight into the metabolic behavior and nutritional consumption of cells. To establish a more beneficial nutritional environment for the cells, two types of dynamic feeding strategies were used to control the delivery of two-part multi-component feed media according to the prediction of Raman models (glucose or arginine). As a result, instead of high fluctuations, the nutrients (glucose together with amino acids) were maintained at the desired level providing a more balanced environment for the cells. Moreover, the use of amino acid-based feeding control enabled to prevent the excessive nutrient replenishment and was economically beneficial by significantly reducing the amount of supplied feed medium compared to the glucose-based dynamic fed culture. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Domján
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pantea
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Martin Gyürkés
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Lajos Madarász
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Dóra Kozák
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Balázs Horváth
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömröi út 19-21, Budapest, H-1103, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Benkő
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömröi út 19-21, Budapest, H-1103, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - György Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
| | - Edit Hirsch
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, Budapest, H-1111, Hungary
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Application of PAT-Based Feedback Control Approaches in Pharmaceutical Crystallization. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11030221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization is one of the important unit operations for the separation and purification of solid products in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and pesticide industries, especially for realizing high-end, high-value solid products. The precise control of the solution crystallization process determines the polymorph, crystal shape, size, and size distribution of the crystal product, which is of great significance to improve product quality and production efficiency. In order to develop the crystallization process in a scientific method that is based on process parameters and data, process analysis technology (PAT) has become an important enabling platform. In this paper, we review the development of PAT in the field of crystallization in recent years. Based on the current research status of drug crystallization process control, the monitoring methods and control strategies of feedback control in the crystallization process were systematically summarized. The focus is on the application of model-free feedback control strategies based on the solution and solid information collected by various online monitoring equipment in product engineering, including improving particle size distribution, achieving polymorphic control, and improving purity. In this paper, the challenges of feedback control strategy in the crystallization process are also discussed, and the development trend of the feedback control strategy has been prospected.
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Domján J, Fricska A, Madarász L, Gyürkés M, Köte Á, Farkas A, Vass P, Fehér C, Horváth B, Könczöl K, Pataki H, Nagy ZK, Marosi GJ, Hirsch E. Raman-based dynamic feeding strategies using real-time glucose concentration monitoring system during adalimumab producing CHO cell cultivation. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e3052. [PMID: 32692473 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of Process Analytical Technology tools coupled with chemometrics has been shown great potential for better understanding and control of mammalian cell cultivations through real-time process monitoring. In-line Raman spectroscopy was utilized to determine the glucose concentration of the complex bioreactor culture medium ensuring real-time information for our process control system. This work demonstrates a simple and fast method to achieve a robust partial least squares calibration model under laboratory conditions in an early phase of the development utilizing shake flask and bioreactor cultures. Two types of dynamic feeding strategies were accomplished where the multi-component feed medium additions were controlled manually and automatically based on the Raman monitored glucose concentration. The impact of these dynamic feedings was also investigated and compared to the traditional bolus feeding strategy on cellular metabolism, cell growth, productivity, and binding activity of the antibody product. Both manual and automated dynamic feeding strategies were successfully applied to maintain the glucose concentration within a narrower and lower concentration range. Thus, besides glucose, the glutamate was also limited at low level leading to reduced production of inhibitory metabolites, such as lactate and ammonia. Consequently, these feeding control strategies enabled to provide beneficial cultivation environment for the cells. In both experiments, higher cell growth and prolonged viable cell cultivation were achieved which in turn led to increased antibody product concentration compared to the reference bolus feeding cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Domján
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Annamária Fricska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lajos Madarász
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Martin Gyürkés
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Köte
- Department of Automation and Applied Informatics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Panna Vass
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csaba Fehér
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Horváth
- Department of Biotechnology, Gedeon Richter Plc, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Könczöl
- Department of Biotechnology, Gedeon Richter Plc, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Pataki
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György János Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edit Hirsch
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
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Jiang H, Xu W, Ding Y, Chen Q. Quantitative analysis of yeast fermentation process using Raman spectroscopy: Comparison of CARS and VCPA for variable selection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 228:117781. [PMID: 31740120 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Yeast is one of the most widely used microbial species in the field of microbiology, and it is crucial that rapid and accurate monitoring of its process. Therefore, this study presents a method using Raman spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of yeast fermentation process. First, a ProSP-Micro2000K Raman measuring system used to obtain the Raman spectra of eight batches of yeast samples during fermentation, and the spectra obtained were pretreated using Savitzky-Golay (SG) smoothing filter and standard normal variate (SNV). Then, two variable selection methods, which were competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and variable combination population analysis (VCPA), were compared to search the preprocessed Raman spectroscopy characteristic wavenumber. Finally, support vector machine (SVM) was employed to construct a quantitative monitoring model of yeast fermentation process based on variables from the selected characteristic wavenumbers. The results revealed that the VCPA-SVM model showed the best prediction result with 14 selected characteristic wavelength variables. The coefficient of determination (RP2) of the optimal model was 0.979, while the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 0.108 in the validation set. The overall results demonstrate that the Raman spectroscopy integrated with chemometric approaches could be utilized as a rapid method to monitor the process of yeast cultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
| | - Weidong Xu
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yuhan Ding
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Quansheng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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Yan X, Li W, Zhang X, Liu S, Qu H. Development of an on-line Raman spectral analytical method for monitoring and endpoint determination of the Cornu Caprae Hircus hydrolysis process. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 72:132-148. [PMID: 31713245 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cornu Caprae Hircus (goat horn, GH), a medicinal animal horn, is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine, and hydrolysis is one of the most important processes for GH pretreatment in pharmaceutical manufacturing. In this study, on-line Raman spectroscopy was applied to monitor the GH hydrolysis process by the development of partial least squares (PLS) calibration models for different groups of amino acids. METHODS Three steps were considered in model development. In the first step, design of experiments (DOE)-based preprocessing method selection was conducted. In the second step, the optimal spectral co-addition number was determined. In the third step, sample selection or reconstruction methods based on hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to extract or reconstruct representative calibration sets from the pool of hydrolysis process samples and investigated for their ability to improve model performance. KEY FINDINGS This study has shown the feasibility of using on-line Raman spectral analysis for monitoring the GH hydrolysis process based on the designed measurement system and appropriate model development steps. CONCLUSIONS The proposed Raman-based calibration models are expected to be used in GH hydrolysis process monitoring, leading to more rapid material information acquisition, deeper process understanding, more accurate endpoint determination and thus better product quality consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenlong Li
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyong Liu
- Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Hirsch E, Pataki H, Domján J, Farkas A, Vass P, Fehér C, Barta Z, Nagy ZK, Marosi GJ, Csontos I. Inline noninvasive Raman monitoring and feedback control of glucose concentration during ethanol fermentation. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2848. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edit Hirsch
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Pataki
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Júlia Domján
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Panna Vass
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Csaba Fehér
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food ScienceBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - Zsolt Barta
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food ScienceBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
- Viresol Ltd. Visonta Hungary
| | - Zsombor K. Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - György J. Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
| | - István Csontos
- Department of Organic Chemistry and TechnologyBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest Hungary
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Nagy B, Farkas A, Borbás E, Vass P, Nagy ZK, Marosi G. Raman Spectroscopy for Process Analytical Technologies of Pharmaceutical Secondary Manufacturing. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 20:1. [PMID: 30560395 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As the process analytical technology (PAT) mindset is progressively introduced and adopted by the pharmaceutical companies, there is an increasing demand for effective and versatile real-time analyzers to address the quality assurance challenges of drug manufacturing. In the last decades, Raman spectroscopy has emerged as one of the most promising tools for non-destructive and fast characterization of the pharmaceutical processes. This review summarizes the achieved results of the real-time application of Raman spectroscopy in the field of the secondary manufacturing of pharmaceutical solid dosage forms, covering the most common secondary process steps of a tablet production line. In addition, the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy for real-time control is critically reviewed, and challenges and possible approaches to moving from real-time monitoring to process analytically controlled technologies (PACT) are discussed.
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Kozma B, Hirsch E, Gergely S, Párta L, Pataki H, Salgó A. On-line prediction of the glucose concentration of CHO cell cultivations by NIR and Raman spectroscopy: Comparative scalability test with a shake flask model system. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:346-355. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Nagy B, Farkas A, Gyürkés M, Komaromy-Hiller S, Démuth B, Szabó B, Nusser D, Borbás E, Marosi G, Nagy ZK. In-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring and feedback control of a continuous twin-screw pharmaceutical powder blending and tableting process. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:21-29. [PMID: 28723408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The integration of Process Analytical Technology (PAT) initiative into the continuous production of pharmaceuticals is indispensable for reliable production. The present paper reports the implementation of in-line Raman spectroscopy in a continuous blending and tableting process of a three-component model pharmaceutical system, containing caffeine as model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), glucose as model excipient and magnesium stearate as lubricant. The real-time analysis of API content, blend homogeneity, and tablet content uniformity was performed using a Partial Least Squares (PLS) quantitative method. The in-line Raman spectroscopic monitoring showed that the continuous blender was capable of producing blends with high homogeneity, and technological malfunctions can be detected by the proposed PAT method. The Raman spectroscopy-based feedback control of the API feeder was also established, creating a 'Process Analytically Controlled Technology' (PACT), which guarantees the required API content in the produced blend. This is, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the first ever application of Raman-spectroscopy in continuous blending and the first Raman-based feedback control in the formulation technology of solid pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitta Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Attila Farkas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Martin Gyürkés
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | | | - Balázs Démuth
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Bence Szabó
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Dávid Nusser
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Enikő Borbás
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - György Marosi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary
| | - Zsombor Kristóf Nagy
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Műegyetem rakpart 3, Hungary.
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Šahnić D, Meštrović E, Jednačak T, Habinovec I, Parlov Vuković J, Novak P. Monitoring and Quantification of Omeprazole Synthesis Reaction by In-Line Raman Spectroscopy and Characterization of the Reaction Components. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Damir Šahnić
- PLIVA Croatia Ltd. (member of TEVA Group), Prilaz baruna Filipovića 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ernest Meštrović
- PLIVA Croatia Ltd. (member of TEVA Group), Prilaz baruna Filipovića 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Jednačak
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Iva Habinovec
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jelena Parlov Vuković
- Refining
and Marketing Business Division, INA-Industrija Nafte d.d., Lovinčićeva
bb, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Predrag Novak
- Faculty
of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac
102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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