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Farhid H, Khodkari V, Nazeri MT, Javanbakht S, Shaabani A. Multicomponent reactions as a potent tool for the synthesis of benzodiazepines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3318-3358. [PMID: 33899847 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02600j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZDs), a diverse class of benzofused seven-membered N-heterocycles, display essential pharmacological properties and play vital roles in some biochemical processes. They have mainly been prescribed as potential therapeutic agents, which interestingly represent various biological activities such as anticancer, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, anticonvulsant, antituberculosis, muscle relaxant, and antimicrobial activities. The extensive biological activities of BZDs in various fields have encouraged medicinal chemists to discover and design novel BZD-based scaffolds as potential therapeutic candidates with the favorite biological activity through an efficient protocol. Although certainly valuable and important, conventional synthetic routes to these bicyclic benzene compounds contain methodologies often requiring multistep procedures, which suffer from waste materials generation and lack of sustainability. By contrast, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have recently advanced as a green synthetic strategy for synthesizing BZDs with the desired scope. In this regard, MCRs, especially Ugi and Ugi-type reactions, efficiently and conveniently supply various complex synthons, which can easily be converted to the BZDs via suitable post-transformations. Also, MCRs, especially Mannich-type reactions, provide speedy and economic approaches for the one-pot and one-step synthesis of BZDs. As a result, various functionalized-BZDs have been achieved by developing mild, efficient, and high-yielding MCR protocols. This review covers all aspects of the synthesis of BZDs with a particular focus on the MCRs as well as the mechanism chemistry of synthetic protocols. The present manuscript opens a new avenue for organic, medicinal, and industrial chemists to design safe, environmentally benign, and economical methods for the synthesis of new and known BZDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Farhid
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vida Khodkari
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taghi Nazeri
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Siamak Javanbakht
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Shaabani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, G. C., P. O. Box 19396-4716, Tehran, Iran. and Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
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Vetrichelvan M, Rakshit S, Chandrasekaran S, Chinnakalai K, Darne CP, Doddalingappa D, Gopikumar I, Gupta A, Gupta AK, Karmakar A, Lakshminarasimhan T, Leahy DK, Palani S, Radhakrishnan V, Rampulla R, Savarimuthu A, Subramanian V, Velaparthi U, Warrier J, Eastgate MD, Borzilleri RM, Mathur A, Vaidyanathan R. Development of a Scalable Synthesis of the Small Molecule TGFβR1 Inhibitor BMS-986260. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muthalagu Vetrichelvan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Souvik Rakshit
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Sathishkumar Chandrasekaran
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Karthikeyan Chinnakalai
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Chetan Padmakar Darne
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O.
Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Dyamanna Doddalingappa
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Indasi Gopikumar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Anuradha Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Arun Kumar Gupta
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Ananta Karmakar
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Thirumalai Lakshminarasimhan
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - David K. Leahy
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Senthil Palani
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Vignesh Radhakrishnan
- Department of Discovery Synthesis, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Richard Rampulla
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O.
Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Antony Savarimuthu
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Varadharajan Subramanian
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Upender Velaparthi
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O.
Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Jayakumar Warrier
- Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
| | - Martin D. Eastgate
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Robert M. Borzilleri
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O.
Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, P.O.
Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-4000, United States
| | - Rajappa Vaidyanathan
- Chemical Development and API Supply, Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research and Development Center, Biocon Park, Jigani Link Road, Bommasandra IV, Bangalore 560099, India
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