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Kundu K, Musso JV, Benedikter MJ, Frey W, Gugeler K, Kästner J, Buchmeiser MR. Neutral and Cationic Molybdenum Imido Alkylidene Cyclic Alkyl Amino Carbene (CAAC) Complexes for Olefin Metathesis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301818. [PMID: 37366606 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The first neutral and cationic Mo imido alkylidene cyclic alkyl amino carbene (CAAC) complexes of the general formulae [Mo(N-Ar)(CHCMe2 Ph)(X)2 (CAAC)] and [Mo(N-Ar)(CHCMe2 Ph)(X)(CAAC)][B(ArF )4 ] (X=Br, Cl, OTf, OC6 F5 ; CAAC=1-(2,6-iPr2 -C6 H3 )-3,3,5,5-tetramethyltetrahydropyrrol-2-ylidene) have been synthesized from molybdenum imido bishalide alkylidene DME precursors. Different combinations of the imido and "X" ligands have been employed to understand synthetic peculiarities. Selected complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. Due to the pronounced σ-donor/π-acceptor characteristics of CAACs, the corresponding neutral and cationic molybdenum imido alkylidene CAAC complexes do not require the presence of stabilizing donor ligands such as nitriles. Calculations on the PBE0-D3BJ/def2-TZVP level for PBE0-D3BJ/def2-SVP optimized geometries revealed partial charges at molybdenum similar to the corresponding molybdenum imido alkylidene N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes with a slightly higher polarization of the molybdenum alkylidene bond in the CAAC complexes. All cationic complexes have been tested in olefin metathesis reactions and showed improved activity compared to the analogous NHC complexes for hydrocarbon-based substrates, allowing for turnover numbers (TONs) up to 9500 even at room temperature. Some Mo imido alkylidene CAAC complexes are tolerant towards functional groups like thioethers and sulfonamides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushani Kundu
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Janis V Musso
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathis J Benedikter
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Katrin Gugeler
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Kästner
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael R Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- German Institutes of Textile and Fiber Research (DITF), Körschtalstr. 26, 73770, Denkendorf, Germany
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Land MA, Bačić G, Robertson KN, Barry ST. Origin of Decomposition in a Family of Molybdenum Precursor Compounds. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16607-16621. [PMID: 36223133 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The bis(tert-butylimido)-molybdenum(VI) framework has been used successfully in the design of vapor-phase precursors for molybdenum-containing thin films, so understanding its thermal behavior is important for such applications. Here, we report the thermal decomposition mechanism for a series of volatile bis(alkylimido)-dichloromolybdenum(VI) adducts with neutral N,N'-chelating ligands, to probe the stability and decomposition pathways for these molecules. The alkyl groups explored were tert-butyl, tert-pentyl, 1-adamantyl, and a cyclic imido (from 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diamine). We also report the synthesis of the new tert-octyl imido adducts, (tOctN)2MoCl2·L (L = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine or 2,2'-bipyridine), which have been fully characterized by spectroscopic techniques as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. We found that the decomposition of all compounds follows the same general pathway, proceeding first by the dissociation of the chelating ligand to give the coordinatively unsaturated species (RN)2MoCl2. Subsequent dimerization results in either an imido bridged adduct, [(RN)Mo(μ-NR)Cl2]2, or a chloride bridged adduct, [(RN)2Mo(μ-Cl)Cl]2, depending on the size of the R group. The dimeric species then likely undergoes an intramolecular γ-hydrogen transfer to yield a nitrido-amido adduct, (RHN)MoNCl2, and an alkene. Ultimately, the resulting molybdenum species appears to decompose into free tert-alkylamine and Mo2N or Mo2C. The thermolysis reactions have been monitored using 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the volatile decomposition products were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A key intermediate has also been detected using electron ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. Finally, a detailed computational investigation supports the mechanism outlined above and helps explain the relative stabilities of different N,N'-chelated bis(alkylimido)-dichloromolybdenum(VI) adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Land
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Goran Bačić
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Katherine N Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Seán T Barry
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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Belov DS, Tejeda G, Tsay C, Bukhryakov KV. Ring‐Closing Olefin Metathesis Catalyzed by Well‐Defined Vanadium Alkylidene Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:4578-4582. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Belov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Gabriela Tejeda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
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Belov DS, Mathivathanan L, Beazley MJ, Martin WB, Bukhryakov KV. Stereospecific Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene Catalyzed by Iron Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2934-2938. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Belov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Logesh Mathivathanan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Melanie J. Beazley
- Department of Chemistry University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Dr. Orlando FL 32816 USA
| | - William Blake Martin
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve University 2100 Adelbert Road Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
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Belov DS, Mathivathanan L, Beazley MJ, Martin WB, Bukhryakov KV. Stereospecific Ring‐Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Norbornene Catalyzed by Iron Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry S. Belov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Logesh Mathivathanan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
| | - Melanie J. Beazley
- Department of Chemistry University of Central Florida 4111 Libra Dr. Orlando FL 32816 USA
| | - William Blake Martin
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve University 2100 Adelbert Road Cleveland OH 44106 USA
| | - Konstantin V. Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University 11200 SW 8th St. Miami FL 33199 USA
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Benedikter MJ, Ziegler F, Groos J, Hauser PM, Schowner R, Buchmeiser MR. Group 6 metal alkylidene and alkylidyne N-heterocyclic carbene complexes for olefin and alkyne metathesis. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Tafazolian H, VenkatRamani S, Tsay C, Schrock RR, Müller P. Syntheses of Molybdenum and Tungsten Imido Alkylidene Complexes that Contain a Bidentate Oxo/Thiolato Ligand. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Tafazolian
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside Riverside, California 92507 USA
| | - Sudarsan VenkatRamani
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside Riverside, California 92507 USA
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside Riverside, California 92507 USA
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Schowner R, Frey W, Buchmeiser MR. Understanding Synthetic Peculiarities of Cationic Molybdenum(VI) Imido Alkylidene N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roman Schowner
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry; University of Stuttgart; Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2017. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tafazolian H, Tsay C, Schrock RR, Müller P. Syntheses of Molybdenum(VI) Imido Alkylidene Complexes That Contain a Bidentate Dithiolate Ligand. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hosein Tafazolian
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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VenkatRamami S, Schrock RR, Hoveyda A, Müller P, Tsay C. Synthesis of High-Oxidation-State Mo═CHX Complexes, Where X = Cl, CF 3, Phosphonium, CN. Organometallics 2018; 37:1641-1644. [PMID: 30655653 PMCID: PMC6332497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactions between Z-XCH=CHX where X = Cl, CF3, or CN and Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) (OHIPT = O-2,6-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3) produce Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) complexes. Addition of 2,2'-bipyridyl (Bipy) yields Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(Bipy) complexes, which could be isolated and structurally characterized. The reaction between Mo(N-t-Bu)(CH-t-Bu)(OHMT)Cl(PPh2Me) (OHMT = O-2,6-(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)2C6H3) and Z-ClCH=CHCl in the presence of Bipy produces a mixture that contains both Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHCl)(OHMT)Cl(PPh2Me) and Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHCl)(OHMT)Cl(Bipy), but the relatively insoluble product that crystallizes from toluene-d 8 is the phosphoniomethylidene complex, [Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHPPh2Me)(OHMT)(Cl)(Bipy)]Cl. The Mo(N-t-Bu)(CHX)(OHIPT)Cl(PPh2Me) complexes (X = Cl or CF3) were confirmed to initiate the stereoselective cross-metathesis between Z-5-decene and Z-XCH=CHX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudarsan VenkatRamami
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Amir Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center,
Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry 6-331, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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Bukhryakov KV, Schrock RR, Hoveyda AH, Tsay C, Müller P. Syntheses of Molybdenum Oxo Alkylidene Complexes through Addition of Water to an Alkylidyne Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2797-2800. [PMID: 29432003 PMCID: PMC6293189 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Addition of one equiv of water to Mo(CAr)[OCMe(CF3)2]3(1,2-dimethoxyethane) (2, Ar = o-(OMe)C6H4) in the presence of PPhMe2 leads to formation of Mo(O)(CHAr)[OCMe(CF3)2]2(PPhMe2) (3(PPhMe2)) in 34% yield. Addition of one equiv of water alone to 2 produces the dimeric alkylidyne hydroxide complex, {Mo(CAr)[OCMe(CF3)2]2(μ-OH)}2(dme) (4(dme)) in which each bridging hydroxide proton points toward an oxygen atom in an arylmethoxy group. Addition of PMe3 to 4(dme) gives the alkylidene oxo complex, (3(PMe3)), an analogue of 3(PPhMe2) (95% conversion, 66% isolated). Treatment of 3(PMe3) with two equiv of HCl gave Mo(O)(CHAr)Cl2(PMe3) (5), which upon addition of LiO-2,6-(2,4,6-i-Pr3C6H2)2C6H3 (LiOHIPT) gave Mo(O)(CHAr)(OHIPT)Cl(PMe3) (6). Compound 6 in the presence of B(C6F5)3 will initiate the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclooctene, 5,6-dicarbomethoxynorbornadiene (DCMNBD), and rac-5,6-dicarbomethoxynorbornene (DCMNBE), and the homocoupling of 1-decene to 9-octadecene. The poly(DCMNBD) has a cis,syndiotactic structure, whereas poly(DCMNBE) has a cis,syndiotactic,alt structure. X-ray structures were obtained for 3(PPhMe2), 4(dme), and 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Bukhryakov
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Richard R Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Amir H Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Charlene Tsay
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Peter Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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