1
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Wang Y, Lai J, Gao R, Gou Q, Li B, Zheng G, Zhang R, Yue Q, Song Z, Guo Z. Recent Advances in Nickel Catalysts with Industrial Exploitability for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1676. [PMID: 38932025 PMCID: PMC11207433 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers to produce functional polyolefins continues to be highly appealing due to its simple operation process and controllable product microstructure. Low-cost nickel catalysts have been extensively utilized in academia for the synthesis of polar polyethylenes. However, the development of high-temperature copolymerization catalysts suitable for industrial production conditions remains a significant challenge. Classified by the resultant copolymers, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress in nickel complex catalyzed ethylene-polar monomer copolymerization at elevated temperatures in the past five years. The polymerization results of ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-tert-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-other fundamental polar monomer copolymers, and ethylene-special polar monomer copolymers are thoroughly summarized. The involved nickel catalysts include the phosphine-phenolate type, bisphosphine-monoxide type, phosphine-carbonyl type, phosphine-benzenamine type, and the phosphine-enolate type. The effective modulation of catalytic activity, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, melting point, and polar monomer incorporation ratio by these catalysts is concluded and discussed. It reveals that the optimization of the catalyst system is mainly achieved through the methods of catalyst structure rational design, extra additive introduction, and single-site catalyst heterogenization. As a result, some outstanding catalysts are capable of producing polar polyethylenes that closely resemble commercial products. To achieve industrialization, it is essential to further emphasize the fundamental science of high-temperature copolymerization systems and the application performance of resultant polar polyethylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zifang Guo
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
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2
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Chang ASM, Kascoutas MA, Valentine QP, How KI, Thomas RM, Cook AK. Alkene Isomerization Using a Heterogeneous Nickel-Hydride Catalyst. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15596-15608. [PMID: 38771258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c04719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Transition metal-catalyzed alkene isomerization is an enabling technology used to install an alkene distal to its original site. Due to their well-defined structure, homogeneous catalysts can be fine-tuned to optimize reactivity, stereoselectivity, and positional selectivity, but they often suffer from instability and nonrecyclability. Heterogeneous catalysts are generally highly robust but continue to lack active-site specificity and are challenging to rationally improve through structural modification. Known single-site heterogeneous catalysts for alkene isomerization utilize precious metals and bespoke, expensive, and synthetically intense supports. Additionally, they generally have mediocre reactivity, inspiring us to develop a heterogeneous catalyst with an active site made from readily available compounds made of Earth-abundant elements. Previous work demonstrated that a very active homogeneous catalyst is formed upon protonation of Ni[P(OEt)3]4 by H2SO4, generating a [Ni-H]+ active site. This catalyst is incredibly active, but also decomposes readily, which severely limits its utility. Herein we show that by using a solid acid (sulfated zirconia, SZO300), not only is this decomposition prevented, but high activity is maintained, improved selectivity is achieved, and a broader scope of functional groups is tolerated. Preliminary mechanistic experiments suggest that the catalytic reaction likely goes through an intermolecular, two-electron pathway. A detailed kinetic study comparing the state-of-the-art Ni and Pd isomerization catalysts reveals that the highest activity and selectivity is seen with the Ni/SZO300 system. The reactivity of Ni/SZO300, is not limited to alkene isomerization; it is also a competent catalyst for hydroalkenylation, hydroboration, and hydrosilylation, demonstrating the broad application of this heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Sy-Min Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Melanie A Kascoutas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Quinn P Valentine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Kiera I How
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Rachel M Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
| | - Amanda K Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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3
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Zou C, Wang Q, Si G, Chen C. A co-anchoring strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1442. [PMID: 36922533 PMCID: PMC10017819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since polar groups can poison the metal centers in catalysts, the incorporation of polar comonomers usually comes at the expense of catalytic activity and polymer molecular weight. In this contribution, we demonstrate polar bimodal polyethylene as a potential solution to this trade-off. The more-polar/more-branched low-molecular-weight fraction provides polarity and processability, while the less-polar/less-branched high-molecular-weight fraction provides mechanical and melt properties. To achieve high miscibility between these two fractions, three synthetic routes are investigated: mixtures of homogeneous catalysts, separately supported heterogeneous catalysts, and a co-anchoring strategy (CAS) to heterogenize different homogeneous catalysts on one solid support. The CAS route is the only viable strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene with good molecular level entanglement and minimal phase separation. This produces polyolefin materials with excellent mechanical properties, surface/dyeing properties, gas barrier properties, as well as extrudability and 3D-printability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Guifu Si
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
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4
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Samudrala KK, Conley MP. Effects of surface acidity on the structure of organometallics supported on oxide surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4115-4127. [PMID: 36912586 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined organometallics supported on high surface area oxides are promising heterogeneous catalysts. An important design factor in these materials is how the metal interacts with the functionalities on an oxide support, commonly anionic X-type ligands derived from the reaction of an organometallic M-R with an -OH site on the oxide. The metal can either form a covalent M-O bond or form an electrostatic M+⋯-O ion-pair, which impacts how well-defined organometallics will interact with substrates in catalytic reactions. A less common reaction pathway involves the reaction of a Lewis site on the oxide with the organometallic, resulting in abstraction to form an ion-pair, which is relevant to industrial olefin polymerization catalysts. This Feature Article views the spectrum of reactivity between an organometallic and an oxide through the prism of Brønsted and/or Lewis acidity of surface sites and draws analogies to the molecular frame where Lewis and Brønsted acids are known to form reactive ion-pairs. Applications of the well-defined sites developed in this article are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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5
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Rodriguez J, Boudjelel M, Schrock RR, Conley MP. A Tungsten Oxo Alkylidene Supported on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide for Olefin Metathesis. Organometallics 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Maxime Boudjelel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Richard R. Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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6
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‘Catalyst + X’ strategies for transition metal-catalyzed olefin-polar monomer copolymerization. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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7
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Developments in late transition metal catalysts with high thermal stability for ethylene polymerization: A crucial aspect from laboratory to industrialization. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Ethylene Polymerization through Neutral Nickel Complexes Bearing Cyclic Imides. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8788585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The catalyst synthesis of salicylaldimine Ni(II) complexes with bulky imide moieties, ethylene polymerization, and characterization of synthesized polyethylenes are described in this paper. These Ni(II) complexes are designed to bear 2-aminobiphenyl and 4-tritylaniline. Results confirmed relatively high activity (up to
g PE mol Ni-1 h-1) of these catalysts in ethylene polymerization. Moreover, Ni(II) complexes demonstrated enhanced thermal stability, maintaining activity level up to 80°C. The generated polyethylenes possess moderate branching density and high melting temperatures. Less bulky 2-aminobiphenyl group resulted in higher branch content, while in Ni(II) complexes bearing 4-tritylaniline, more linear structure was observed. These semicrystalline polyethylenes showed mechanical properties similar to thermoplastics.
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9
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Eagan JM, Padilla-Vélez O, O’Connor KS, MacMillan SN, LaPointe AM, Coates GW. Chain-Straightening Polymerization of Olefins to Form Polar Functionalized Semicrystalline Polyethylene. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Eagan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Omar Padilla-Vélez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Kyle S. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Anne M. LaPointe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Geoffrey W. Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
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10
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Syed ZH, Mian MR, Patel R, Xie H, Pengmei Z, Chen Z, Son FA, Goetjen TA, Chapovetsky A, Fahy KM, Sha F, Wang X, Alayoglu S, Kaphan DM, Chapman KW, Neurock M, Gagliardi L, Delferro M, Farha OK. Sulfated Zirconium Metal–Organic Frameworks as Well-Defined Supports for Enhancing Organometallic Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16883-16897. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoha H. Syed
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Mohammad Rasel Mian
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Roshan Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Haomiao Xie
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zihan Pengmei
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhihengyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Florencia A. Son
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Timothy A. Goetjen
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alon Chapovetsky
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kira M. Fahy
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Fanrui Sha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Selim Alayoglu
- Center for Catalysis and Surface Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - David M. Kaphan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karena W. Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Matthew Neurock
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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11
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Sun Y, Wang Q, Pan Y, Pang W, Zou C, Chen M.
SiO
2
‐supported Ni(
II
) and Fe(
II
) Catalysts bearing Sodium ‐Sulfonate Group for Olefin Polymerization. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Quan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Yao Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Wenmin Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Min Chen
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
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12
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Cai Z, Li M, Liu Z. Influence of Silica-Supported Alkylaluminum on Heterogeneous Zwitterionic Anilinonaphthoquinone Nickel and Palladium-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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13
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Gao J, Dorn RW, Laurent GP, Perras FA, Rossini AJ, Conley MP. A Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst for the Polymerization of Olefins Prepared by Halide Abstraction Using Surface R
3
Si
+
Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117279. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Rick W. Dorn
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guillaume P. Laurent
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris Sorbonne Université, LCMCP 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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14
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Du W, Zheng H, Li Y, Cheung CS, Li D, Gao H, Deng H, Gao H. Neutral Tridentate α-Sulfonato-β-diimine Nickel Catalyst for (Co)polymerizations of Ethylene and Acrylates. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Handou Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yinwu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Chi Shing Cheung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Donghui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Heng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Huiyun Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haiyang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, PCFM Lab, GD HPPC Lab, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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15
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Zou C, Si G, Chen C. A general strategy for heterogenizing olefin polymerization catalysts and the synthesis of polyolefins and composites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1954. [PMID: 35414067 PMCID: PMC9005542 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29533-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogenization of homogeneous metal complexes on solid supports presents an efficient strategy for bridging homogeneous catalysts with industrially-preferred heterogeneous catalysts; however, a series of drawbacks restrict their implementation in olefin polymerization, particularly for copolymerization with polar comonomers. In this contribution, we report an ionic anchoring strategy that is highly versatile, generally applicable to different systems, and enables strong catalyst-support interactions while tolerating various polar functional groups. In addition to greatly enhanced polymerization properties, the supported catalysts achieved higher comonomer incorporation than their unsupported counterparts. This strategy enabled efficient polymerization at high temperatures at large scale and great control over product morphology, and the facile synthesis of polyolefin composites. More importantly, the dispersion of different fillers in the polyolefin matrix produced great material properties even at low composite loadings. It is expected that this strategy will find applications in different catalytic systems and the synthesis of advanced engineering materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Guifu Si
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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16
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Gao J, Dorn RW, Laurent GP, Perras FA, Rossini AJ, Conley MP. A Heterogeneous Palladium Catalyst for the Polymerization of Olefins Prepared by Halide Abstraction Using Surface R
3
Si
+
Species. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Gao
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Rick W. Dorn
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Guillaume P. Laurent
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
- CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris Sorbonne Université, LCMCP 75005 Paris France
| | | | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Department of Chemistry Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- U.S. Department of Energy Ames Laboratory Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry University of California, Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
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17
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Multivariate Linear Regression Models to Predict Monomer Poisoning Effect in Ethylene/Polar Monomer Copolymerization Catalyzed by Late Transition Metals. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study combined density functional theory (DFT) calculations and multivariate linear regression (MLR) to analyze the monomer poisoning effect in ethylene/polar monomer copolymerization catalyzed by the Brookhart-type catalysts. The calculation results showed that the poisoning effect of polar monomers with relatively electron-deficient functional groups is weaker, such as ethers, and halogens. On the contrary, polar monomers with electron-rich functional groups (carbonyl, carboxyl, and acyl groups) exert a stronger poisoning effect. In addition, three descriptors that significantly affect the poisoning effect have been proposed on the basis of the multiple linear regression model, viz., the chemical shift of the vinyl carbon atom and heteroatom of polar monomer as well as the metal-X distance in the σ-coordination structure. It is expected that these models could guide the development of efficient catalytic copolymerization system in this field.
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18
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Tan C, Zou C, Chen C. An Ionic Cluster Strategy for Performance Improvements and Product Morphology Control in Metal-Catalyzed Olefin–Polar Monomer Copolymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:2245-2254. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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19
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Yu F, Li P, Xu M, Xu G, Na Y, Zhang S, Wang F, Tan C. Iminopyridyl ligands bearing polyethylene glycol unit for nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen-Bonding-Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17446-17451. [PMID: 34036725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The practical synthesis of polar-functionalized polyolefins using transition-metal-catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers is a challenge; the use of heterogeneous catalysts is little explored. Herein, we report the synthesis of heterogeneous naphthoquinone-based nickel (Ni/SiO2 ) and palladium (Pd/SiO2 ) catalysts through hydrogen bonding interactions of the ligands with the silica surface. Ni/SiO2 exhibits high activities (up to 2.65×106 g mol-1 h-1 ) during the copolymerization of ethylene with 5-hexene-1-yl-acetate, affording high-molecular-weight (Mn up to 630 000) polar-functionalized semicrystalline polyethylene (comonomer incorporation up to 2.8 mol %), along with great morphology control. The resulting copolymers possess improved surface properties and great mechanical properties. Pd/SiO2 can mediate ethylene copolymerization with polar monomers with moderate activity to produce high-molecular-weight copolymers with tunable comonomer incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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21
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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22
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Zhang J, Mason AH, Wang Y, Motta A, Kobayashi T, Pruski M, Gao Y, Marks TJ. Beyond the Active Site. Cp*ZrMe
3
/Sulfated Alumina‐Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization Tacticity via Catalyst⋅⋅⋅Surface Ion‐Pairing. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alexander H. Mason
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM UdR Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 I-00185 Roma Italy
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
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23
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Rodriguez J, Conley MP. Ethylene Polymerization Activity of (R 3P)Ni(codH) + (cod = 1,5-cylcooctadiene) Sites Supported on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6946-6949. [PMID: 33844523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PAr3 containing o-OMe, o-Me, or o-Et substituents reacts with Brønsted sites on sulfated zirconium oxide (SZO) to form [HPAr3][SZO]. The phosphonium sites on this material react with bis(cyclooctadiene)nickel [Ni(cod)2] to form [Ni(PAr3)(codH)][SZO] that are active in ethylene polymerization reactions. Selective poisoning studies with pyridine show that ∼90% of the Ni(PAr3)(codH)+ sites in this material are active in polymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside (UCR), Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Riverside (UCR), Riverside, California 92521, United States
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24
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Zhang J, Mason AH, Motta A, Cesar LG, Kratish Y, Lohr TL, Miller JT, Gao Y, Marks TJ. Surface vs Homogeneous Organo-Hafnium Catalyst Ion-Pairing and Ligand Effects on Ethylene Homo- and Copolymerizations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexander H. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Laryssa G. Cesar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yosi Kratish
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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25
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Li Y, Wang F, Cao Y. Late Transition Metal Complexes for Olefin Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202009008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Ashuiev A, Allouche F, Wili N, Searles K, Klose D, Copéret C, Jeschke G. Molecular and supported Ti(iii)-alkyls: efficient ethylene polymerization driven by the π-character of metal-carbon bonds and back donation from a singly occupied molecular orbital. Chem Sci 2020; 12:780-792. [PMID: 34163812 PMCID: PMC8178971 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While Ti(iii) alkyl species are the proposed active sites in Ziegler–Natta ethylene polymerization catalysts, the corresponding well-defined homogeneous catalysts are not known. We report that well-defined neutral β-diiminato Ti(iii) alkyl species, namely [Ti(nacnac)(CH2tBu)2] and its alumina-grafted derivative [(AlsO)Ti(nacnac)(CH2tBu)], are active towards ethylene polymerization at moderate pressures and temperatures and possess an electron configuration well-adapted to insertion of ethylene. Advanced EPR spectroscopy showed that ethylene insertion into a Ti(iii)–C bond takes place during polymerization from Ti(nacnac)(CH2tBu)2. A combination of pulsed EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, based on a crystal structure of [Ti(nacnac)(CH2tBu)2], enabled us to reveal details about the structure and electronic configurations of both molecular and surface-grafted species. For both compounds, the α-agostic C–H interaction, which involves the singly occupied molecular orbital, indicates a π character of the metal–carbon bond; this π character is enhanced upon ethylene coordination, leading to a nearly barrier-less C2H4 insertion into Ti(iii)–C bonds after this first step. During coordination, back donation from the SOMO to the π*(C2H4) occurs, leading to stabilization of π-ethylene complexes and to a significant lowering of the overall energy of the C2H4 insertion transition state. In d1 alkyl complexes, ethylene insertion follows an original “augmented” Cossee–Arlman mechanism that involves the delocalization of unpaired electrons between the SOMO, π*(C2H4) and σ*(Ti–C) in the transition state, which further favors ethylene insertion. All these factors facilitate ethylene polymerization on Ti(iii) neutral alkyl species and make d1 alkyl complexes potentially more effective polymerization catalysts than their d0 analogues. Ti(iii) alkyl species polymerize ethylene via an original mechanism, which involves back donation to the π*(C2H4) and a delocalization of the unpaired electron in the transition state of C2H4 insertion into the partially alkylidenic Ti(iii)–C bond.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Ashuiev
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Florian Allouche
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Nino Wili
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Daniel Klose
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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27
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Witzke RJ, Chapovetsky A, Conley MP, Kaphan DM, Delferro M. Nontraditional Catalyst Supports in Surface Organometallic Chemistry. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Witzke
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Alon Chapovetsky
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - David M. Kaphan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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28
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Xu M, Yu F, Li P, Xu G, Zhang S, Wang F. Enhancing Chain Initiation Efficiency in the Cationic Allyl-Nickel Catalyzed (Co)Polymerization of Ethylene and Methyl Acrylate. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:4475-4482. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengli Xu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Pei Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Guoyong Xu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Fuzhou Wang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
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29
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Culver DB, Huynh W, Tafazolian H, Conley MP. Solid-State 45Sc NMR Studies of Cp* 2Sc–OR (R = CMe 2CF 3, CMe(CF 3) 2, C(CF 3) 3, SiPh 3) and Relationship to the Structure of Cp* 2Sc-Sites Supported on Partially Dehydroxylated Silica. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien B. Culver
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Winn Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hosein Tafazolian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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30
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Tan C, Qasim M, Pang W, Chen C. Ligand–metal secondary interactions in phosphine–sulfonate palladium and nickel catalyzed ethylene (co)polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00904c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ligand secondary interactions and Lewis acid modulation are simultaneously achieved in palladium and nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization and copolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Wenmin Pang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
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31
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Lin W, Zhang L, Suo H, Vignesh A, Yousuf N, Hao X, Sun WH. Synthesis of characteristic polyisoprenes using rationally designed iminopyridyl metal (Fe and Co) precatalysts: investigation of co-catalysts and steric influence on their catalytic activity. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00942c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of iminopyridyl ligand-based iron and cobalt complexes are utilized as catalysts in isoprene polymerization, in which the microstructure of resultant polyisoprenes was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Lin
- School of Textiles and Clothing
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
| | - Liping Zhang
- School of Textiles and Clothing
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi
- China
| | - Hongyi Suo
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Arumugam Vignesh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Nighat Yousuf
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
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32
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Huynh W, Conley MP. Origin of the 29Si NMR chemical shift in R3Si–X and relationship to the formation of silylium (R3Si+) ions. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16453-16463. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02099k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The origin in deshielding of 29Si NMR chemical shifts in R3Si–X, where X = H, OMe, Cl, OTf, [CH6B11X6], toluene, and OX (OX = surface oxygen), as well as iPr3Si+ and Mes3Si+ were studied using DFT methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winn Huynh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of California
- Riverside
- USA
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33
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Culver DB, Venkatesh A, Huynh W, Rossini AJ, Conley MP. Al(OR F) 3 (R F = C(CF 3) 3) activated silica: a well-defined weakly coordinating surface anion. Chem Sci 2019; 11:1510-1517. [PMID: 34084380 PMCID: PMC8148071 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05904k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Weakly Coordinating Anions (WCAs) containing electron deficient delocalized anionic fragments that are reasonably inert allow for the isolation of strong electrophiles. Perfluorinated borates, perfluorinated aluminum alkoxides, and halogenated carborane anions are a few families of WCAs that are commonly used in synthesis. Application of similar design strategies to oxide surfaces is challenging. This paper describes the reaction of Al(ORF)3*PhF (RF = C(CF3)3) with silica partially dehydroxylated at 700 °C (SiO2-700) to form the bridging silanol [triple bond, length as m-dash]Si-OH⋯Al(ORF)3 (1). DFT calculations using small clusters to model 1 show that the gas phase acidity (GPA) of the bridging silanol is 43.2 kcal mol-1 lower than the GPA of H2SO4, but higher than the strongest carborane acids, suggesting that deprotonated 1 would be a WCA. Reactions of 1 with NOct3 show that 1 forms weaker ion-pairs than classical WCAs, but stronger ion-pairs than carborane or borate anions. Though 1 forms stronger ion-pairs than these state-of-the-art WCAs, 1 reacts with alkylsilanes to form silylium type surface species. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a silylium supported on derivatized silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien B Culver
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside California 92521 USA
| | - Amrit Venkatesh
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Winn Huynh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside California 92521 USA
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside California 92521 USA
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34
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Chen M, Chen C. Direct and Tandem Routes for the Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Functionalized Internal Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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35
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Chen M, Chen C. Direct and Tandem Routes for the Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Functionalized Internal Olefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1206-1210. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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36
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Lassalle S, Jabbour R, Schiltz P, Berruyer P, Todorova TK, Veyre L, Gajan D, Lesage A, Thieuleux C, Camp C. Metal–Metal Synergy in Well-Defined Surface Tantalum–Iridium Heterobimetallic Catalysts for H/D Exchange Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19321-19335. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Lassalle
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes, C2P2 UMR 5265, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ribal Jabbour
- Centre de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon CRMN, FRE 2034, CNRS, Université de Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pauline Schiltz
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes, C2P2 UMR 5265, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierrick Berruyer
- Centre de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon CRMN, FRE 2034, CNRS, Université de Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Tanya K. Todorova
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR 8229 CNRS, Collège de France, Université Paris 6, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Laurent Veyre
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes, C2P2 UMR 5265, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Gajan
- Centre de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon CRMN, FRE 2034, CNRS, Université de Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon CRMN, FRE 2034, CNRS, Université de Lyon, ENS Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Chloé Thieuleux
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes, C2P2 UMR 5265, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Clément Camp
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Catalysis, Polymers and Processes, C2P2 UMR 5265, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, CNRS, UCB Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69616 Villeurbanne, France
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37
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Hong C, Wang X, Chen C. Palladium-Catalyzed Dimerization of Vinyl Ethers: Mechanism, Catalyst Optimization, and Polymerization Applications. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changwen Hong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xingbao Wang
- Training Base of State Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology Jointly Constructed by Shanxi Province and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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Correa SA, Daniliuc CG, Stark HS, Rojas RS. Nickel Catalysts Activated by rGO Modified with a Boron Lewis Acid To Produce rGO-Hyperbranched PE Nanocomposites. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián A. Correa
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelm-Universität, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - H. Sophia Stark
- Department of Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraβe 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - René S. Rojas
- Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 306, Santiago-22 6094411, Chile
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Zou C, Tan C, Pang W, Chen C. Amidine/Phosphine‐Oxide‐Based Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Chen Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Wenmin Pang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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41
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Tan C, Chen C. Emerging Palladium and Nickel Catalysts for Copolymerization of Olefins with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201814634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleCAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter ChemistryDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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42
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Syed ZH, Kaphan DM, Perras FA, Pruski M, Ferrandon MS, Wegener EC, Celik G, Wen J, Liu C, Dogan F, Goldberg KI, Delferro M. Electrophilic Organoiridium(III) Pincer Complexes on Sulfated Zirconia for Hydrocarbon Activation and Functionalization. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:6325-6337. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoha H. Syed
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - David M. Kaphan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | | | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Magali S. Ferrandon
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Evan C. Wegener
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Gokhan Celik
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Jianguo Wen
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Cong Liu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Fulya Dogan
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Karen I. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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43
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Tan C, Chen C. Emerging Palladium and Nickel Catalysts for Copolymerization of Olefins with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:7192-7200. [PMID: 30719812 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201814634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition-metal-catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers represents a challenge because of the large variety of substrate-induced side reactions. However, this approach also holds the potential for the direct synthesis of polar functionalized polyolefins with unique properties. After decades of research, only a few catalyst systems have been found to be suitable for this reaction. Some major advances in catalyst development have been made in the past five years. This Minireview summarizes some of the recent progress in the extensively studied Brookhart and Drent catalyst systems, as well as emerging alternative palladium and nickel catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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44
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Rodriguez J, Culver DB, Conley MP. Generation of Phosphonium Sites on Sulfated Zirconium Oxide: Relationship to Brønsted Acid Strength of Surface −OH Sites. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1484-1488. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Damien B. Culver
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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45
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Wang F, Chen C. A continuing legend: the Brookhart-type α-diimine nickel and palladium catalysts. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00226j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Here we will summarize some of the recent advances in α-diimine ligand developments, as well as some new and challenging monomers that this class of catalysts can address through these ligand improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuzhou Wang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Anhui University
- Hefei 230601
- Anhui
- China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei 230026
- China
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46
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Jing C, Wang L, Mahmood Q, Zhao M, Zhu G, Zhang X, Wang X, Wang Q. Synthesis and characterization of aminopyridine iron(ii) chloride catalysts for isoprene polymerization: sterically controlled monomer enchainment. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7862-7874. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00452a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aminopyridine iron(ii) chloride complexes coordinating a type of flexible ligand are reported as precursors for controlled polymerization of isoprenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qaiser Mahmood
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Guangqian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xianhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Xiaowu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Qingdao
- China
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47
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Culver DB, Conley MP. Activation of C−F Bonds by Electrophilic Organosilicon Sites Supported on Sulfated Zirconia. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien B. Culver
- Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Rd. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Rd. Riverside CA 92521 USA
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48
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Culver DB, Conley MP. Activation of C−F Bonds by Electrophilic Organosilicon Sites Supported on Sulfated Zirconia. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14902-14905. [PMID: 30265766 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien B. Culver
- Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Rd. Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Matthew P. Conley
- Chemistry University of California, Riverside 501 Big Springs Rd. Riverside CA 92521 USA
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