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Dang M, Jia R, Tan K, Hao D, Yang W, Zhou CY, Guo Z. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Ring Expansion of Cyclic Ketones for the Construction of Medium-Sized Lactams. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4031-4036. [PMID: 38447165 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Construction of medium-sized ring compounds remains challenging in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we describe the synthesis of medium-sized lactams via a photoinduced ring expansion of benzo-fused cyclic ketones using graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) as a photocatalyst. The ring expansion protocol provided an efficient access to 8-10-membered lactams in good yields and displayed good tolerance to a range of functional groups. The mechanism studies revealed that the photochemical reaction proceeds via an intermediary of a nitrogen radical, which is generated through an oxidative hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Dang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruizhi Jia
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Tan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Danyang Hao
- College of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Guo
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, People's Republic of China
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