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Huang MG, Tan YY, Ai MT, Chen XH, Xu HB, Liu YJ. Salicylaldehyde-Cobalt(II)-Catalyzed C-H Alkoxylation of Indoles with Secondary Alcohols. J Org Chem 2024; 89:4438-4443. [PMID: 38471105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
A straight and efficient protocol for the synthesis of hindered indole-ethers via C-H alkoxylation of indoles was developed by a cobalt-catalyzed cross-dehydrogenative coupling reaction with secondary alcohols. The selection of the salicylaldehyde-Co(II) catalyst enables the reaction to proceed under conditions without acid or base addition in the presence of limited alcohols. The protocol has broad substrate scope for both indole and secondary alcohols and exhibits good functional tolerance. The synthetic applications are proven by gram-scale reaction and further diversification of the product. Preliminary mechanistic investigations indicate that the activation of C-H bonds is not the rate-determining step of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Gui Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yan Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Ting Ai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bing Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Jin Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China
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Liu X, Gao FF, Xue Y, Luo J, Jiang C. Palladium-Catalyzed C(sp 3)-H Nitrooxylation of Aliphatic Carboxamides with Practical Oxidants. J Org Chem 2024; 89:1417-1424. [PMID: 38235669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Here we report the palladium-catalyzed β-C(sp3)-H nitrooxylation of aliphatic carboxamides using a modified quinoline auxiliary. Notably, Al(NO3)3·9H2O was used as a nitrate source as well as a practical oxidant. The 5-chloro-8-aminoquinoline auxiliary was nitrated in situ during the reaction, which may enhance its directing ability and help its removal. The reaction has a broad substrate scope with a variety of aliphatic carboxamides. The multiple substituted auxiliary can be easily removed and recovered. Two C-H-insertion palladacycle intermediates were isolated and characterized to elucidate the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Fang-Fang Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Yuan Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Jun Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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Kumar J, Singh AK, Gupta A, Bhadra S. Enhancing the Extent of Enolization for α-C-H Bonds of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acid Equivalents via Ion Pair Catalysis: Application toward α-Chalcogenation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:6330-6335. [PMID: 35412824 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In general, the α-functionalization of carboxylic acid derivatives requires either a transition metal catalyst or a stoichiometric activating agent/strong base/external additive. A transition metal free α-chalcogenation of aliphatic carboxylic acid equivalents is reported herein via ion pair formation using K3PO4 as a catalyst. Mild conditions, broad scope, scalability of the process, attaining bioactive glucokinase activators, and some synthetic intermediates establish merits of the strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jogendra Kumar
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anupam Kumar Singh
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Aniket Gupta
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sukalyan Bhadra
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR─Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G.B. Marg, Bhavnagar, 364002 Gujarat, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Buono F, Nguyen T, Qu B, Wu H, Haddad N. Recent Advances in Nonprecious Metal Catalysis. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Buono
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Thach Nguyen
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Bo Qu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Hao Wu
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Chemical Development US, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
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Wu X, Song S, Zhang X, Fu Y, Zhu C, Li Y. Copper‐Catalyzed Direct Oxidative α‐Alkoxylation of 4‐Isochromanones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
| | - Shuang‐Gui Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
| | - Yan‐Ming Fu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
| | - Cheng‐Feng Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
| | - You‐Gui Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 193 Tunxi Road Hefei 230009 China
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Punji B, Vijaykumar M. Advances in Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Bond Oxygenation of Amides. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1481-2584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AbstractC–O bond formation represents a fundamental chemical transformation in organic synthesis to develop valuably oxygenated (hetero)arenes. Particularly, the direct and regioselective C–H bond oxygenation of privileged amides, using a transition metal catalyst and a mild oxygenating source, is a step-economy and attractive approach. During the last decade, considerable progress has been realized in the direct C–H oxygenation of primary, secondary, and tertiary amides. This Short Review compiles the advances in transition-metal-catalyzed oxygenation of C(sp2)–H and C(sp3)–H bonds on various amides with diverse oxygenation sources. The review is categorized into two different major sections: (i) C(sp2)–H oxygenation and (ii) C(sp3)–H oxygenation. Each section is discussed based on the directing group (monodentate and bidentate) attached to the amide derivatives.1 Introduction2 C(sp2)–H Oxygenation2.1 Monodentate Directed2.2 Bidentate Directed3 C(sp3)–H Oxygenation3.1 Monodentate Directed3.2 Bidentate Directed4 Conclusion and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Benudhar Punji
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR–National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR–NCL)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
| | - Muniyappa Vijaykumar
- Organometallic Synthesis and Catalysis Lab, Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR–National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR–NCL)
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
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Yang C, Liu Z, Hu X, Xie H, Jiang H, Zeng W. Rh( iii)-Catalyzed Csp 2–Csp 3 bond alkoxylation of α-indolyl alcohols via C–C σ bond cleavage. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00194a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(iii)-catalyzed direct Csp2–Csp3 bond alkoxylation of α-(2-indolyl)alcohols with alcohols has been achieved via C–C sigma bond/C–O single bond switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Zhipeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Xinwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Haisheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
| | - Wei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641
- China
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