1
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Munch M, Mair BA, Adi M, Rotstein BH. Photocatalyzed radiosynthesis of 11C-phenylacetic acids. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2024; 67:211-216. [PMID: 37941130 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Fast and straightforward incorporation of radionuclides into pharmaceutically relevant molecules is one of the main barriers to preclinical and clinical tracer research. Late-stage direct incorporation of cyclotron-produced [11C]CO2 to afford carbon-11-labeled radiopharmaceuticals has the potential to provide ready-to-inject positron emission tomography agents in less than an hour. The present work describes photocatalyzed carboxylation of alkylbenzene derivatives to afford 11C-phenylacetic acids. Reaction conditions and scope are investigated followed by application of this methodology to the preparative radiosynthesis of [11C]fenoprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Munch
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Braeden A Mair
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myriam Adi
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Rotstein
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Terada M, Yazaki R, Obayashi R, Iwasaki Z, Umemiya S, Kikuchi J. Consecutive π-Lewis acidic metal-catalysed cyclisation/photochemical radical addition promoted by in situ generated 2-benzopyrylium as the photoredox catalyst. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6115-6121. [PMID: 38665511 PMCID: PMC11041276 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00808a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A π-Lewis acidic metal-catalysed cyclisation/photochemical radical addition sequence was developed, which utilises in situ generated 2-benzopyrylium cation intermediates as photoredox catalysts and electrophilic substrates to form 1H-isochromene derivatives in good yields in most cases. The key 2-benzopyrylium intermediates were generated through the activation of the alkyne moiety of ortho-carbonyl alkynylbenzene derivatives by such π-Lewis acidic metal catalysts as AgNTf2 and Cu(NTf2)2, and the subsequent intramolecular cyclisation and proto-demetalation using trifluoroacetic acid. Further photo-excitation of the 2-benzopyrylium intermediates facilitated single-electron transfer from a benzyltrimethylsilane derivative as a donor molecule to promote the radical addition of arylmethyl radicals to the 2-benzopyrylium intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Ryohei Yazaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Ren Obayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Zen Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shigenobu Umemiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
| | - Jun Kikuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8578 Japan
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3
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Dutta S, Lee D, Ozols K, Daniliuc CG, Shintani R, Glorius F. Photoredox-Enabled Dearomative [2π + 2σ] Cycloaddition of Phenols. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2789-2797. [PMID: 38236061 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Dearomative photocycloaddition of monocyclic arenes is an appealing strategy for comprehending the concept of "escape from flatland". This brings the replacement of readily available planar aromatic hydrocarbon units with a 3D fused bicyclic core with sp3-enriched carbon units. Herein, we outline an intermolecular approach for the dearomative photocycloaddition of phenols. In order to circumvent the ground-state aromaticity and to construct conformationally restrained building blocks, bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes were chosen as coupling partners. This dearomative approach renders straightforward access to a bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane unit fused to a cyclic enone moiety, which further contributed as a synthetic linchpin for postmodifications. Mechanistic experiment advocates for a plausible onset from both the reactants, depending on the redox potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Dutta
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kristers Ozols
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Frank Glorius
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
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4
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Festersen L, Czekelius C. Photocatalytic Cascade Cyclization of Aryl Haloalkynyl Ketones Forming Cyclopenta[ b]naphthalene Derivatives. Org Lett 2023; 25:3553-3558. [PMID: 37154431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An efficient metal-free, photoredox-mediated cascade cyclization of aryl 1-haloalk-5-ynyl ketones has been developed. Using catalytic amounts of eosin Y (EY) and EtNMe2 as a reductive quencher, various aryl 1-haloalk-5-ynyl ketones have been transformed into the corresponding cyclization products in up to 98% yield. As a result, synthetic access to differently α-functionalized cyclopenta[b]naphthones and direct construction of cyclopenta[b]naphtholes has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Festersen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40255 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40255 Düsseldorf, Germany
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5
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Gavin JT, Belli RG, Roberts CC. Radical-Polar Crossover Catalysis with a d 0 Metal Enabled by a Redox-Active Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21431-21436. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua T. Gavin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Roman G. Belli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Courtney C. Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant St SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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6
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Nakagawa M, Matsuki Y, Nagao K, Ohmiya H. A Triple Photoredox/Cobalt/Brønsted Acid Catalysis Enabling Markovnikov Hydroalkoxylation of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:7953-7959. [PMID: 35476545 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate Markovnikov hydroalkoxylation of unactivated alkenes using alcohols through a triple catalysis consisting of photoredox, cobalt, and Brønsted acid catalysts under visible light irradiation. The triple catalysis realizes three key elementary steps in a single catalytic cycle: (1) Co(III) hydride generation by photochemical reduction of Co(II) followed by protonation, (2) metal hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) of alkenes by Co(III) hydride, and (3) oxidation of the alkyl Co(III) complex to alkyl Co(IV). The precise control of protons and electrons by the three catalysts allows the elimination of strong acids and external reductants/oxidants that are required in the conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Nakagawa
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsuki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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7
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Hu J, Kuang C, Ni C, Gu Y. Photoredox-Catalyzed Ring-Opening Addition Reaction between Benzyl Bromides and Cyclic Ethers. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1671-6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA novel nucleophilic reaction between cyclic ethers and benzyl bromides is achieved under photoredox catalysis. The reaction proceeds through a single-electron-transfer (SET) pathway rather than a common SN2 mechanism. By two steps of reduction and oxidation, a benzyl bromide heterolyzes to give a carbocation and bromide ion under mild conditions, and then a cyclic ether captures both the carbocation and bromide ion to afford the addition product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Cuiwen Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Chuanfa Ni
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
| | - Yucheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre
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8
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Das S, Mandal T, De Sarkar S. Acridine Orange Hemi(Zinc Chloride) Salt as a Lewis Acid‐Photoredox Hybrid Catalyst for the Generation of
α
‐Carbonyl Radicals. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanju Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Tanumoy Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 West Bengal India
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9
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Candish L, Collins KD, Cook GC, Douglas JJ, Gómez-Suárez A, Jolit A, Keess S. Photocatalysis in the Life Science Industry. Chem Rev 2021; 122:2907-2980. [PMID: 34558888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the pursuit of new pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists in the life science industry require access to mild and robust synthetic methodologies to systematically modify chemical structures, explore novel chemical space, and enable efficient synthesis. In this context, photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful technology for the synthesis of complex and often highly functionalized molecules. This Review aims to summarize the published contributions to the field from the life science industry, including research from industrial-academic partnerships. An overview of the synthetic methodologies developed and strategic applications in chemical synthesis, including peptide functionalization, isotope labeling, and both DNA-encoded and traditional library synthesis, is provided, along with a summary of the state-of-the-art in photoreactor technology and the effective upscaling of photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Candish
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Karl D Collins
- Bayer Foundation, Public Affairs, Science and Sustainability, Bayer AG, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Gemma C Cook
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Science and Technology, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, U.K
| | - Adrián Gómez-Suárez
- Organic Chemistry, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Anais Jolit
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Neuroscience Discovery Research, AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, 67061 Ludwigshafen, Germany
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10
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Nakagawa M, Nagao K, Ikeda Z, Reynolds M, Ibáñez I, Wang J, Tokunaga N, Sasaki Y, Ohmiya H. Organophotoredox‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative N‐Alkylation of Sulfonamides. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanari Nakagawa
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Zenichi Ikeda
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Ignacio Ibáñez
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Junsi Wang
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Norihito Tokunaga
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasaki
- Research Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555 Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kanazawa University Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- JST PRESTO Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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11
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Kobayashi R, Shibutani S, Nagao K, Ikeda Z, Wang J, Ibáñez I, Reynolds M, Sasaki Y, Ohmiya H. Decarboxylative N-Alkylation of Azoles through Visible-Light-Mediated Organophotoredox Catalysis. Org Lett 2021; 23:5415-5419. [PMID: 34139122 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An organophotoredox-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling between azole nucleophiles and aliphatic carboxylic acid-derived redox-active esters is demonstrated. This protocol efficiently installs various tertiary or secondary alkyl fragments onto the nitrogen atom of azole nucleophiles under mild and transition-metal-free conditions. The pyridinium additive successfully inhibits the formation of elimination byproducts from the carbocation intermediate. This reaction is applicable to the synthesis of a protein-degrader-like molecule containing an azole and a thalidomide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rino Kobayashi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shotaro Shibutani
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagao
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Zenichi Ikeda
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Junsi Wang
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Ignacio Ibáñez
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Matthew Reynolds
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sasaki
- Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, 2-26-1 Muraoka-Higashi, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohmiya
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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12
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Yamamoto Y, Takase T, Kuroyanagi E, Yasui T. Synthesis of difluoromethylated diarylmethanes via Fe(OTf) 3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of 2,2-difluoro-1-arylethyl phosphates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3877-3880. [PMID: 33871534 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00765c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Fe(OTf)3-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts reaction of 2,2-difluoro-1-arylethyl phosphates with electron-rich (hetero)arenes afforded difluoromethylated diarylmethanes. Control experiments showed that Fe(OTf)3 behaves as the Lewis acid, and that the phosphate leaving group and o- or p-alkoxy substituents on the substrates are necessary for the Fe(OTf)3-catalyzed reaction to proceed under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Yamamoto
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Takase
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Eisuke Kuroyanagi
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yasui
- Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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