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Babar J, Ahmad S, Parveen B, Ali KG, Mushtaq A, Zahoor AF, Ahmad R, Mansha A, Irfan A. Exploring the Synthetic Potential of Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons Reaction Toward the Synthesis of Polyketide Based Natural Products: A Review. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2025; 383:20. [PMID: 40286003 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-025-00504-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) reaction is a commonly used and reliable phenomenon for carbon-carbon olefination in organic chemistry, carried out by treating aldehyde or ketones with phosphonate esters to afford the substituted alkenes. HWE reaction has also been observed to be involved in the stereo-controlled syntheses of naturally occurring compounds that acquire pharmaceutical profiles against various diseases. In this article, recent implementations of Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction towards the notable total syntheses of naturally occurring compounds such as polyketides have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Babar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghulam Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Raheel Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Carroll AR, Copp BR, Grkovic T, Keyzers RA, Prinsep MR. Marine natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2025; 42:257-297. [PMID: 39911015 DOI: 10.1039/d4np00067f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2025]
Abstract
Covering: January to the end of December 2023This review covers the literature published in 2023 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 582 citations (541 for the period January to December 2023) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, the submerged parts of mangroves and other intertidal plants. The emphasis is on new compounds (1220 in 340 papers for 2023), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. An analysis of the progress in the study of prokaryote involvement in macro-invertebrate MNP production is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tanja Grkovic
- Natural Products Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Molecular Targets Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Munir R, Zahoor AF, Anjum MN, Mansha A, Irfan A, Chaudhry AR, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Glowacka M, Mojzych M. Yamaguchi esterification: a key step toward the synthesis of natural products and their analogs-a review. Front Chem 2024; 12:1477764. [PMID: 39464384 PMCID: PMC11503016 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1477764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The Yamaguchi reagent, based on 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoyl chloride (TCBC) and 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), is an efficient tool for conducting the intermolecular (esterification) reaction between an acid and an alcohol in the presence of a suitable base (Et3N or i Pr2NEt) and solvent (THF, DCM, or toluene). The Yamaguchi protocol is renowned for its ability to efficiently produce a diverse array of functionalized esters, promoting high yields, regioselectivity, and easy handling under mild conditions with short reaction times. Here, the recent utilization of the Yamaguchi reagent was reviewed in the synthesis of various natural products such as macrolides, terpenoids, polyketides, peptides, and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Munir
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anjum
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Department of Basic Sciences, Department of Histology, Embriology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariola Glowacka
- Faculty of Health Sciences Collegium Medicum, The Mazovian Academy in Plock, Płock, Poland
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Faculty of Health Sciences Collegium Medicum, The Mazovian Academy in Plock, Płock, Poland
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Lin B, Liu T, Luo T. Gold-catalyzed cyclization and cycloaddition in natural product synthesis. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:1091-1112. [PMID: 38456472 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00056g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 2016 to mid 2023Transition metal catalysis, known for its remarkable capacity to expedite the assembly of molecular complexity from readily available starting materials in a single operation, occupies a central position in contemporary chemical synthesis. Within this landscape, gold-catalyzed reactions present a novel and versatile paradigm, offering robust frameworks for accessing diverse structural motifs. In this review, we highlighted a curated selection of publications in the past 8 years, focusing on the deployment of homogeneous gold catalysis in the ring-forming step for the total synthesis of natural products. These investigations are categorized based on the specific ring formations they engender, accentuating the prevailing gold-catalyzed methodologies applied to surmount intricate challenges in natural products synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Tianran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Masuda T, Ohyama K, Yoshimura A, Fuwa H. Total Synthesis of (-)-Enigmazole A by the Macrocyclization/Transannular Pyran Cyclization Strategy. Org Lett 2024; 26:2045-2050. [PMID: 38421804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
An 18-step synthesis of (-)-enigmazole A is herein disclosed. The present synthesis is based on a modular assembly of three building blocks of similar complexity, a macrocyclic ring-closing metathesis to forge the 18-membered macrocyclic skeleton, and a desilylative transannular oxa-Michael addition for stereoselective construction of the 2,6-cis-substituted tetrahydropyran ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisei Masuda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Kyoya Ohyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Fuwa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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