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Tiwari B, Pandey RP, Hussain N. Recent advances in the synthesis of SGLT2 Inhibitors and natural products from carbohydrates. Carbohydr Res 2025; 552:109477. [PMID: 40194327 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2025.109477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2025] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/09/2025]
Abstract
Gliflozins are an important class of drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, a serious and prevalent condition in modern times. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors represent a recent advancement in diabetes treatment, effectively lowering blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Many monosaccharides and their derivatives, such as glycals, play a key role as building blocks in the synthesis of glycosides, particularly C-glycosides, which possess unique structural stability and biological significance. These compounds are crucial in the total synthesis of natural drugs, branched sugars, and other biologically active molecules. This review highlights the recent advancement in the synthesis of SGLT-2 inhibitors and natural products synthesized from carbohydrates made between 2010 and 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Tiwari
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Ram Pratap Pandey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Nazar Hussain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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Hussain N, Rasool F, Khan S, Saleem M, Maheshwari M. Advances in the Synthesis of Natural Products and Medicinally Relevant Molecules from Glycals. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Hussain
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Banaras Hindu University India
| | - Faheem Rasool
- Department of Chemistry Govt. College for Women, Parade Ground Jammu 180001 India
| | - Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry Central University of Jammu 180001 Jammu India
| | - Mohd Saleem
- Department of Chemistry Govt.Postgraduate college Rajouri India
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Ferjancic Z, Saicic RN. Combining Organocatalyzed Aldolization and Reductive Amination: An Efficient Reaction Sequence for the Synthesis of Iminosugars. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zorana Ferjancic
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
| | - Radomir N. Saicic
- University of Belgrade – Faculty of Chemistry Studentski trg 16, POB 51 11158 Belgrade 118 Serbia
- Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts Kneza Mihaila 35 11 000 Belgrade Serbia
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Parmar K, Haghshenas P, Gravel M. Total Synthesis of (+)-Hyacinthacine A 1 Using a Chemoselective Cross-Benzoin Reaction and a Furan Photooxygenation-Amine Cyclization Strategy. Org Lett 2021; 23:1416-1421. [PMID: 33538602 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report the shortest synthesis of glycosidase inhibitor (+)-hyacinthacine A1 using a highly chemoselective N-heterocyclic carbene-catalyzed cross-benzoin reaction as well as a furan photooxygenation-amine cyclization strategy. This is the first such cyclization on a furylic alcohol, an unprecedented reaction due to the notorious instability of the formed intermediates. The photooxygenation strategy was eventually incorporated into a three-step one-pot process that formed the requisite pyrrolizidine framework of (+)-hyacinthacine A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karnjit Parmar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Pouyan Haghshenas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
| | - Michel Gravel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5C9
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Merieux G, Buchotte M, Muzard M, Plantier-Royon R. Synthesis of 2-Substituted Thioglycals from Carbohydrate-Derived Ketene Dithioacetals. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Merieux
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR); CNRS UMR 7312; UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles; BP 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
| | - Marie Buchotte
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR); CNRS UMR 7312; UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles; BP 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
| | - Murielle Muzard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR); CNRS UMR 7312; UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles; BP 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
| | - Richard Plantier-Royon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne; Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR); CNRS UMR 7312; UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles; BP 1039 51687 Reims Cedex 2 France
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Elías-Rodríguez P, Pingitore V, Carmona AT, Moreno-Vargas AJ, Ide D, Miyawaki S, Kato A, Álvarez E, Robina I. Discovery of a Potent α-Galactosidase Inhibitor by in Situ Analysis of a Library of Pyrrolizidine–(Thio)urea Hybrid Molecules Generated via Click Chemistry. J Org Chem 2018; 83:8863-8873. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Elías-Rodríguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Valeria Pingitore
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Ana T. Carmona
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Moreno-Vargas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Daisuke Ide
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shota Miyawaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Eleuterio Álvarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, C.S.I.C-Universidad de Sevilla, Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Robina
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Si CM, Liu YW, Mao ZY, Han P, Du ZT, Wei BG. Asymmetric synthesis of epohelmins A, B and 3-epi ent-epohelmin A. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Li JL, Li WZ, Wang YC, Ren Q, Wang HS, Pan YM. Palladium(ii)-catalyzed C-C and C-O bond formation for the synthesis of C1-benzoyl isoquinolines from isoquinoline N-oxides and nitroalkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10028-31. [PMID: 27443150 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc03530b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
C1-Benzoyl isoquinolines can be generated via a palladium(ii)-catalyzed C-C and C-O coupling of isoquinoline N-oxides with aromatic nitroalkenes. The reaction proceeds through remote C-H bond activation and subsequent intramolecular oxygen atom transfer (OAT). In this reaction, the N-O bond was designed as a directing group in the C-H bond activation as well as the source of an oxygen atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Chun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China. and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.
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