Synthesis Toward and Stereochemical Assignment of Clathsterol: Exploring Diverse Strategies to Polyoxygenated Sterols

Synthesis and application of steroidal 22,16β-carbolactones: A review

In the plant kingdom, steroidal lactones occur as glycosides, compounds consisting of a sugar moiety linked to a steroid aglycone. Steroidal lactones consist of five fused rings, with a total of 22 carbon atoms. Numerous methods for the preparation of steroidal lactones take advantage of the fact that steroid spirostanes may be degraded from six- to a five-rings structure. One of the most striking features common to reactions of steroid sapogenins is the C₂₂-lactone formation. In the review, different methods for the preparation of steroidal lactones are presented with consideration of the structure of starting material. In addition, examples of lactones used in the synthesis of biologically active compounds and their analogues are described.

Marine natural products

Covering: 2016. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2017, 34, 235-294This review covers the literature published in 2016 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 757 citations (643 for the period January to December 2016) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1277 in 432 papers for 2016), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.