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Dai L, Zhao L, Xu D, Yang C, Zhang XK. Enhancing the Efficacy of Chiral Ligands and Catalysts: Siloxane-Substituted Oxazoline Ferrocenes as Next-Generation Candidates. Molecules 2024; 29:968. [PMID: 38474480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of classical chiral oxazoline ferrocene ligands in 1995, they have become pivotal in transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric transformations. Over the past decade, a notable evolution has been observed with the emergence of siloxane-substituted oxazoline ferrocenes, demonstrating significant potential as chiral ligands and catalysts. These compounds have consistently delivered exceptional results in diverse and mechanistically distinct transformations, surpassing the capabilities of classical oxazoline ferrocene ligands. This review meticulously delineates the research progress on siloxane-substituted oxazoline ferrocene compounds. It encompasses the synthesis of crucial precursors and desired products, highlights their achievements in asymmetric catalysis reactions, and delves into the exploration of the derivatization of these compounds, emphasizing the introduction of ionophilic groups and their impact on the recovery of transition metal catalysts. In addition to presenting the current state of knowledge, this review propels future research directions by identifying potential topics for further investigation concerning the siloxane-tagged derivatives. These derivatives are poised to be promising candidates for the next generation of highly efficient ligands and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Li Zhao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Di Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xin-Kuan Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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2
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Preparation of planar chiral oxazolinyl hydroxyl ferrocene silyl ethers and their desilylation derivatives. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Truong PT, Miller SG, McLaughlin Sta Maria EJ, Bowring MA. Large Isotope Effects in Organometallic Chemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:14800-14815. [PMID: 34347912 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) is key to understanding reaction mechanisms in many areas of chemistry and chemical biology, including organometallic chemistry. This ratio of rate constants, kH /kD , typically falls between 1-7. However, KIEs up to 105 have been reported, and can even be so large that reactivity with deuterium is unobserved. We collect here examples of large KIEs across organometallic chemistry, in catalytic and stoichiometric reactions, along with their mechanistic interpretations. Large KIEs occur in proton transfer reactions such as protonation of organometallic complexes and clusters, protonolysis of metal-carbon bonds, and dihydrogen reactivity. C-H activation reactions with large KIEs occur with late and early transition metals, photogenerated intermediates, and abstraction by metal-oxo complexes. We categorize the mechanistic interpretations of large KIEs into the following three types: (a) proton tunneling, (b) compound effects from multiple steps, and (c) semi-classical effects on a single step. This comprehensive collection of large KIEs in organometallics provides context for future mechanistic interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan T Truong
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
| | - Sophia G Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
| | | | - Miriam A Bowring
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
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4
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Wen M, Erb W, Mongin F, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Roisnel T, Dorcet V. Functionalization of N,N-Dialkylferrocenesulfonamides toward Substituted Derivatives. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Wen
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - William Erb
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Florence Mongin
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO Chair of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Oleg A. Ivashkevich
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France
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5
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Jiang R, Ding L, Zheng C, You SL. Iridium-catalyzed
Z
-retentive asymmetric allylic substitution reactions. Science 2021; 371:380-386. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd6095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ru Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Xu D, Zhang J, Dai L. Chiral Oxazolinyl Hydroxyl Ferrocene Catalysts: Synthesis and Applications in Asymmetric Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202001874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power 136 Jinshui East Rd. Zhengzhou Henan Province 450046 P R China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power 136 Jinshui East Rd. Zhengzhou Henan Province 450046 P R China
| | - Li Dai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power 136 Jinshui East Rd. Zhengzhou Henan Province 450046 P R China
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7
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Arthurs RA, Hughes DL, Richards CJ. Planar chiral palladacycle precatalysts for asymmetric synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:5466-5472. [PMID: 32643748 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chiral non-racemic palladacycles were employed as precatalysts for Pd(0) mediated asymmetric synthesis. Addition of HPAr2/base to a ferrocenyloxazoline planar chiral palladacycle resulted in ligand synthesis and palladium capture to give a bidentate Phosferrox/Pd(0) complex. A series of these complexes were generated in situ and applied successfully as catalysts for asymmetric allylic alkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross A Arthurs
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, UK.
| | - David L Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, UK.
| | - Christopher J Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TU, UK.
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8
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Gouthami P, Karteek Goud G, Mainkar PS, Chandrasekhar S. Rapid and one-pot synthesis of tri- to tetradeca-deutero nicotines. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Arthurs RA, Hughes DL, Richards CJ. Stereoselective Synthesis of All Possible Phosferrox Ligand Diastereoisomers Displaying Three Elements of Chirality: Stereochemical Optimization for Asymmetric Catalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4838-4847. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Arthurs
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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10
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Unsymmetrical 1-oxazolinyl 1’,2-Bisphosphine ferrocene silyl ether: Preparation and lithiation mechanism. J Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2019.120998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Arthurs RA, Hughes DL, Richards CJ. Ferrocenyloxazoline-Derived Planar Chiral Palladacycles: C–H Activation, Transmetalation, and Reversal of Diastereoselectivity. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Arthurs
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research
Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
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12
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Arthurs RA, Hughes DL, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Richards CJ. Application of Transmetalation to the Synthesis of Planar Chiral and Chiral-at-Metal Iridacycles. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross A. Arthurs
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - David L. Hughes
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Peter N. Horton
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Simon J. Coles
- EPSRC National Crystallography Service, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Christopher J. Richards
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
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13
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Zhao Y, van Nguyen H, Male L, Craven P, Buckley BR, Fossey JS. Phosphino-Triazole Ligands for Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling. Organometallics 2018; 37:4224-4241. [PMID: 30524158 PMCID: PMC6265957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Twelve 1,5-disubtituted and fourteen 5-substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing diaryl or dialkyl phosphines at the 5-position were synthesized and used as ligands for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Bulky substrates were tested, and lead-like product formation was demonstrated. The online tool SambVca2.0 was used to assess steric parameters of ligands and preliminary buried volume determination using XRD-obtained data in a small number of cases proved to be informative. Two modeling approaches were compared for the determination of the buried volume of ligands where XRD data was not available. An approach with imposed steric restrictions was found to be superior in leading to buried volume determinations that closely correlate with observed reaction conversions. The online tool LLAMA was used to determine lead-likeness of potential Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling products, from which 10 of the most lead-like were successfully synthesized. Thus, confirming these readily accessible triazole-containing phosphines as highly suitable ligands for reaction screening and optimization in drug discovery campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Huy van Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Craven
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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14
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Kong WJ, Shao Q, Li MH, Zhou ZL, Xu H, Dai HX, Yu JQ. Copper-Mediated Diastereoselective C–H Thiolation of Ferrocenes. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jun Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Qian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Ming-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Zeng-Le Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hui-Xiong Dai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
| | - Jin-Quan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 20032, China
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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15
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Bissember AC, Gardiner MG, Wierenga TS. α-Cyanocarbanion complexes and their application in synthesis. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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16
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Stereoselective and Stereospecific Reactions of Cobalt Sandwich Complexes: Synthesis of a New Class of Single Enantiomer Bulky Planar Chiral P−N and P−P Ligands. Chemistry 2018; 24:4310-4319. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Tazi M, Erb W, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Mongin F. From 2- to 3-Substituted Ferrocene Carboxamides or How to Apply Halogen “Dance” to the Ferrocene Series. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Tazi
- Equipe
Chimie Organique et Interfaces, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10A, Case
1003, Campus Scientifique de Beaulieu, 35042 Cedex Rennes, France
| | - William Erb
- Equipe
Chimie Organique et Interfaces, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10A, Case
1003, Campus Scientifique de Beaulieu, 35042 Cedex Rennes, France
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO
Chair of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Oleg A. Ivashkevich
- UNESCO
Chair of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Research
Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 14 Leningradskaya Str., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Centre
de Diffractométrie X, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10B, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Cedex Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Centre
de Diffractométrie X, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10B, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Cedex Rennes, France
| | - Florence Mongin
- Equipe
Chimie Organique et Interfaces, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Bâtiment 10A, Case
1003, Campus Scientifique de Beaulieu, 35042 Cedex Rennes, France
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Richards CJ, Arthurs RA. Catalyst Optimisation for Asymmetric Synthesis by Ligand Chirality Element Addition: A Perspective on Stereochemical Cooperativity. Chemistry 2017; 23:11460-11478. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ross A. Arthurs
- School of Chemistry; University of East Anglia; Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7TJ UK
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