|
1
|
Ikemoto K, Akiyoshi M, Kobayashi A, Kita H, Taka H, Isobe H. Optimising reaction conditions in flasks for performances in organic light-emitting devices. Chem Sci 2025; 16:3045-3050. [PMID: 39759942 PMCID: PMC11694646 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc07039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025] Open
Abstract
A method for correlating reaction conditions with device performance was developed by combining Design-of-Experiments and machine-learning strategies in multistep device fabrication processes. This method allowed the "from-flask-to-device" optimisation of a macrocyclisation reaction yielding a mixture of methylated [n]cyclo-meta-phenylenes, and a crude raw material was directly applied to the fabrication of Ir-doped organic light-emitting devices via spin-coating. The method succeeded in eliminating energy-consuming and waste-producing separation and purification steps during device fabrication. The device using the optimal raw mixture material recorded a high external quantum efficiency of 9.6%, which surpassed the performance of purified materials. The raw material method was also found to be applicable to screen-printing processes, and image-transferred OLEDs were fabricated using the low-cost, environmentally benign materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Ikemoto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Misato Akiyoshi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Ayano Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kita
- Konica Minolta Ishikawacho 2970, Hachioji Tokyo 192-8505 Japan
| | - Hideo Taka
- Konica Minolta Ishikawacho 2970, Hachioji Tokyo 192-8505 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Isobe
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Roy I, David AHG, Das PJ, Pe DJ, Stoddart JF. Fluorescent cyclophanes and their applications. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:5557-5605. [PMID: 35704949 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00352b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
With the serendipitous discovery of crown ethers by Pedersen more than half a century ago and the subsequent introduction of host-guest chemistry and supramolecular chemistry by Cram and Lehn, respectively, followed by the design and synthesis of wholly synthetic cyclophanes-in particular, fluorescent cyclophanes, having rich structural characteristics and functions-have been the focus of considerable research activity during the past few decades. Cyclophanes with remarkable emissive properties have been investigated continuously over the years and employed in numerous applications across the field of science and technology. In this Review, we feature the recent developments in the chemistry of fluorescent cyclophanes, along with their design and synthesis. Their host-guest chemistry and applications related to their structure and properties are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Arthur H G David
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - Partha Jyoti Das
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - David J Pe
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
| | - J Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA. .,School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.,Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310021, China.,ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou, 311215, China
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Liu SH, Hou H, Deng ZY, Wang XR, Tang C, Ju YY, Feng LB, Tan YZ. Three-dimensional conjugated macrocycle with large polyaromatic blocks constructed by post-π-extension. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9806-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|