1
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Gracheva SV, Tamm NB, Lyssenko KA, Ioffe IN, Lukonina NS, Goryunkov AA. Oxidative cage opening in the C 70 fullerene facilitated by preceding trifluoromethylation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:8038-8042. [PMID: 38379506 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05480b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Two novel derivatives of the C70 fullerene with 9- and 10-membered cage openings were obtained by means of oxidation and decarbonylation of C70(CF3)8. The major product, C70(O)(CF3)8O2, features a cleaved C-C bond transformed into two carbonyl functions plus an ether bridge. The second product, C69O(CF3)8O, has one of the carbonyls replaced with another ether bridge. We provide a DFT analysis of the possible formation pathways to give the oxidized compounds under the action of pyridine N-oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia V Gracheva
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nadezhda B Tamm
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Konstantin A Lyssenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ilya N Ioffe
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Natalia S Lukonina
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Goryunkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Sun Y, Qian C, Emge TJ, Li Y, Kopcha WP, Wang L, Zhang J. Synthesis of [60]- and [70]Fullerene-Fused Tetrahydroquinoxaline Derivatives by Oxidative [4 + 2] Cycloaddition with Unusual Reactivity and Regioselectivity. Org Lett 2022; 24:6417-6422. [PMID: 36036909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative [4 + 2] reaction of o-phenylenediamine-derived disulfonamides with fullerene C60 and C70 is reported, in which electron-deficient reactants showed high reactivity. The reaction of C70 exhibited unusual regioselectivity, yielding a [5,6]-adduct as the major product, which was characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations revealed the reaction is an inverse-electron-demand Diels-Alder (IEDDA) reaction, and the [5,6]-adduct of C70 is a kinetic product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J Emge
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Yanbang Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - William P Kopcha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Jianyuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Rd, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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3
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Ghosh A, Banerjee S, Debnath T, Das AK. Dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane to functionalize neutral and Li +-encapsulated C 60, C 70 and C 36 fullerene cages: a DFT approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:4022-4041. [PMID: 35103266 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic investigations into the functionalization of three fullerene cages, viz. C60, C70, and C36 through dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane (AB) have been conducted using Density Functional Theory (DFT). In this process of functionalization, different ring fusions, namely (6-6), (6-5) positions for C60 and C70, and an additional (5-5) for C36 fullerene have been investigated. The optimized geometries of all the complexes and transition states have been characterized using the M06-2X functional in conjunction with the 6-31G(d) basis set. The effect of Li+-encapsulation on the energetics and activation barriers of H2 attachment has also been examined. Although the process of functionalization of neutral fullerenes proceeds extensively through concerted pathways, a step-wise route has been observed for the encapsulated systems. NPA charge analysis and Wiberg bond index (WBI) have been used in order to detect the change in the nature of participating hydrogen atoms and validate the variation in the bond order of the C-C connectivity respectively upon hydrogenation. GCRD parameters have also been calculated to explicate the electronic properties of the hydrogenated products. The (6-6) hydrogenation is observed to be favoured thermodynamically and kinetically for both neutral and Li+-encapsulated C60 and C70, while (5-5) is found to be the most preferred site for C36 systems. Our theoretical exploration suggests that the covalent functionalization of the fullerene cages can be done successfully viaAB resulting in the stabilization of these systems. In short, the present work will provide a general idea about the detailed mechanism related to the functionalization of fullerene cages, which will further motivate researchers in fullerene chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avik Ghosh
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Soumadip Banerjee
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Tanay Debnath
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | - Abhijit K Das
- School of Mathematical & Computational Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
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4
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Brotsman VA, Lukonina NS, Malkin NA, Rybalchenko AV, Belov NM, Goryunkov AA. Difluoromethylenation of fullerene C 70 provides isomeric diversity and availability of equatorial [5,6]-homofullerene C 70(CF 2). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16816-16826. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01922a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report synthesis, isolation, and spectroscopic characterization of the novel [5,6]-open C70(CF2) isomer III along with the already known [6,6]-closed and [6,6]-open C70(CF2) isomers I and II. The compounds were...
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5
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Liosi K, Stasyuk AJ, Masero F, Voityuk AA, Nauser T, Mougel V, Solà M, Yamakoshi Y. Unexpected Disparity in Photoinduced Reactions of C 60 and C 70 in Water with the Generation of O 2 •- or 1O 2. JACS AU 2021; 1:1601-1611. [PMID: 34723263 PMCID: PMC8549049 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined fullerene-PEG conjugates, C60-PEG (1) and two C70-PEG (2 and 3 with the addition sites on ab-[6,6] and cc-[6,6]-junctions), were prepared from their corresponding Prato monoadduct precursors. The resulting highly water-soluble fullerene-PEG conjugates 1-3 were evaluated for their DNA-cleaving activities and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under visible light irradiation. Unexpectedly, photoinduced cleavage of DNA by C60-PEG 1 was much higher than that by C70-PEG 2 and 3 with higher absorption intensity, especially in the presence of an electron donor (NADH). The preference of photoinduced ROS generation from fullerene-PEG conjugates 1-3 via the type II (energy transfer) or the type I (electron transfer) photoreaction was found to be dependent on the fullerene core (between C60 and C70) and functionalization pattern of C70 (between 2 and 3). This was clearly supported by the electron transfer rate obtained from cyclic voltammetry data and computationally estimated relative rate of each step of the type II and the type I reactions, with the finding that type II energy transfer reactions occurred in the inverted Marcus regime while type I electron transfer reactions proceeded in the normal Marcus regime. This finding on the disparity in the pathways of photoinduced reactions (type I versus type II) provides insights into the behavior of photosensitizers in water and the design of photodynamic therapy drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korinne Liosi
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anton J. Stasyuk
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fabio Masero
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alexander A. Voityuk
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institució
Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Nauser
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Mougel
- Laboratorium
für Anorganische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut
de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament
de Química, Universitat de Girona, M. Aurèlia Capmany, 69, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yoko Yamakoshi
- Laboratorium
für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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6
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Lo R, Lamanec M, Wang W, Manna D, Bakandritsos A, Dračínský M, Zbořil R, Nachtigallová D, Hobza P. Structure-directed formation of the dative/covalent bonds in complexes with C 70piperidine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:4365-4375. [PMID: 33589890 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp06280d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The combined experimental-computational study has been performed to investigate the complexes formed between C70 carbon allotrope and piperidine. The results of FT-IR, H-NMR, and C-NMR measurements, together with the calculations based on the DFT approach and molecular dynamics simulations, prove the existence of dative/covalent bonding in C70piperidine complexes. The dative bond forms not only at the region of five- and six-membered rings, observed previously with C60, but also at the region formed of six-membered rings. The structure, i.e., nonplanarity, explains the observed dative bond formation. New findings on the character of interaction of secondary amines with C70 bring new aspects for the rational design of modified fullerenes and their applications in electrocatalysis, spintronics, and energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabindranath Lo
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Maximilián Lamanec
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Tr. 17 listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Weizhou Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China
| | - Debashree Manna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic and Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University, Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Czech Republic and Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Nachtigallová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hobza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo Námstí 542/2, 16000 Prague, Czech Republic. and CATRIN, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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7
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Li M, Zhao Y, Yuan K, Han Y, Zhang J, Wu Y, Ehara M, Nagase S, Zhao X. Lithium–bromine exchange reaction on C 60: first theoretical proposal of a stable singlet fullerene carbene without the heteroatom. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01589j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A stable singlet fullerene carbene without heteroatom is firstly proposed, and two indexes are firstly suggested to estimate the occurrence of carbene insertion or addition. The interaction between LiBr and carbon atom in LiBr-compounds is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Li
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Yaoxiao Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Kun Yuan
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianshui Normal University
- Tianshui
- China
| | - Yanbo Han
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Yong Wu
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
| | | | - Shigeru Nagase
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 606-8103
- Japan
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science & Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- China
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8
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Regioisomeric α-[70]fullerene-fused lactones: Synthesis, characterization and solubility difference. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Wu Y, Jiang Y, Deng J, Wang Z. Capturing unconventional metallofullerene M@C 60 through activation of the unreactive [5,6] bond toward Diels-Alder reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:24249-24256. [PMID: 33089271 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04506c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Full control of the regioselectivity in the functionalization of fullerenes is important for production of fullerene derivatives with desirable properties. Cycloaddition reactions of C60 usually take place at the hexagon-hexagon ring junction, i.e. the [6,6] bond of the fullerene cage, whereas the [5,6] bond is generally unreactive. The activation of the [5,6] bond toward Diels-Alder reactions is difficult because of its longer bond length than the [6,6] bond. In this study, we computationally demonstrate that the [5,6] bond of C60 can be efficiently activated by encapsulation of a divalent metal atom such as Ca or Sm. Electron transfer from the metal atom to the fullerene cage and the interaction between the metal cation and the cage play critical roles in enhancing the reactivity of the [5,6] bond. The physical origin of the reactivity enchancement of the [5,6] bond is investigated quantitatively by using the activation strain model and the energy decomposition method. The change in the orbital interaction energy along the intrinsic reaction coordinate has a major effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of the reactions between Ca@C60 and cyclopentadiene. Both mono- and bis-addition reactions of cyclopentadiene with Ca@C60 prefer to take place at the [5,6] bonds of the fullerene cage thermodynamically, which is distinct from the case of pristine C60. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of Ca@C60 is remarkably enlarged upon mono- and bis-functionalization with cyclopentadienes. Therefore, the covalent derivatization strategy can be used to capture the unconventional, missing metallofullerene M@C60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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10
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Niu C, Chen XP, Yin ZC, Wang WF, Wang GW. Alternative Access to Cyclopentafullerenes through the Reaction of [60]Fullerene with Aldehydes and Secondary Amines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6878-6887. [PMID: 32397711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of cyclopentafullerenes have been synthesized in high stereoselectivity by the thermal reaction of [60]fullerene with aldehydes and secondary amines. Both α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and saturated aldehydes can be utilized to synthesize cyclopentafullerenes as the cis isomers. The possible reaction mechanisms for the formation of cyclopentafullerenes are proposed on the basis of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Niu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Chun Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Feng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P. R. China
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11
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Ding L, Jin B, Guo Z, Zhao Y, Chen J, Peng R. Regioselective Synthesis and Crystallographic Characterization of Nontethered cis-1 and cis-2 Bis(benzofuro)[60]fullerene Derivatives. Org Lett 2019; 21:9924-9928. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Bo Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Zhicheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Rufang Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
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