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Colville MJ, Huang LT, Schmidt S, Chen K, Vishwanath K, Su J, Williams RM, Bonassar LJ, Reesink HL, Paszek MJ. Recombinant manufacturing of multispecies biolubricants. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.05.592580. [PMID: 38746339 PMCID: PMC11092771 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.05.592580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Lubricin, a lubricating glycoprotein abundant in synovial fluid, forms a low-friction brush polymer interface in tissues exposed to sliding motion including joints, tendon sheaths, and the surface of the eye. Despite its therapeutic potential in diseases such as osteoarthritis and dry eye disease, there are few sources available. Through rational design, we developed a series of recombinant lubricin analogs that utilize the species-specific tissue-binding domains at the N- and C-termini to increase biocompatibility while replacing the central mucin domain with an engineered variant that retains the lubricating properties of native lubricin. In this study, we demonstrate the tissue binding capacity of our engineered lubricin product and its retention in the joint space of rats. Next, we present a new bioprocess chain that utilizes a human-derived cell line to produce O-glycosylation consistent with that of native lubricin and a purification strategy that capitalizes on the positively charged, hydrophobic N- and C-terminal domains. The bioprocess chain is demonstrated at 10 L scale in industry-standard equipment utilizing commonly available ion exchange, hydrophobic interaction and size exclusion chromatography resins. Finally, we confirmed the purity and lubricating properties of the recombinant biolubricant. The biomolecular engineering and bioprocessing strategies presented here are an effective means of lubricin production and could have broad applications to the study of mucins in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marshall J. Colville
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ling-Ting Huang
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Schmidt
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Chen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Karan Vishwanath
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Lawrence J. Bonassar
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Heidi L. Reesink
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Matthew J. Paszek
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Han M, Silva SM, Russo MJ, Desroches PE, Lei W, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE, Stoddart PR, Greene GW. Lubricin (PRG-4) anti-fouling coating for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy biosensing: towards a hierarchical separation system for analysis of biofluids. Analyst 2023; 149:63-75. [PMID: 37933547 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00910f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful optical sensing technique that amplifies the signal generated by Raman scattering by many orders of magnitude. Although the extreme sensitivity of SERS enables an extremely low limit of detection, even down to single molecule levels, it is also a primary limitation of the technique due to its tendency to equally amplify 'noise' generated by non-specifically adsorbed molecules at (or near) SERS-active interfaces. Eliminating interference noise is thus critically important to SERS biosensing and typically involves onerous extraction/purification/washing procedures and/or heavy dilution of biofluid samples. Consequently, direct analysis within biofluid samples or in vivo environments is practically impossible. In this study, an anti-fouling coating of recombinant human Lubricin (LUB) was self-assembled onto AuNP-modified glass slides via a simple drop-casting method. A series of Raman spectra were collected using rhodamine 6G (R6G) as a model analyte, which was spiked into NaCl solution or unprocessed whole blood. Likewise, we demonstrate the same sensing system for the quantitative detection of L-cysteine spiked in undiluted milk. It was demonstrated for the first time that LUB coating can mitigate the deleterious effect of fouling in a SERS sensor without compromising the detection of a target analyte, even in a highly fouling, complex medium like whole blood or milk. This feat is achieved through a molecular sieving property of LUB that separates small analytes from large fouling species directly at the sensing interface resulting in SERS spectra with low background (i.e., noise) levels and excellent analyte spectral fidelity. These findings indicate the great potential for using LUB coatings together with an analyte-selective layer to form a hierarchical separation system for SERS sensing of relevant analytes directly in complex biological media, aquaculture, food matrix or environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Han
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Matthew J Russo
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Pauline E Desroches
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Weiwei Lei
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Anita F Quigley
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Paul R Stoddart
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia.
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
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Manasa CS, Silva SM, Caballero-Aguilar LM, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Greene GW, Moulton SE. Active and passive drug release by self-assembled lubricin (PRG4) anti-fouling coatings. J Control Release 2022; 352:35-46. [PMID: 36228955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Electroactive polymers (EAPs) have been investigated as materials for use in a range of biomedical applications, ranging from cell culture, electrical stimulation of cultured cells as well as controlled delivery of growth factors and drugs. Despite their excellent drug delivery ability, EAPs are susceptible to biofouling thus they often require surface functionalisation with antifouling coatings to limit unwanted non-specific protein adsorption. Here we demonstrate the surface modification of para toluene sulfonate (pTS) doped polypyrrole with the glycoprotein lubricin (LUB) to produce a self-assembled coating that both prevents surface biofouling while also serving as a high-capacity reservoir for cationic drugs which can then be released passively via diffusion or actively via an applied electrical potential. We carried out our investigation in two parts where we initially assessed the antifouling and cationic drug delivery ability of LUB tethered on a gold surface using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM) to monitor molecular interactions occurring on a gold sensor surface. After confirming the ability of tethered LUB nano brush layers on a gold surface, we introduced an electrochemically grown EAP layer to act as the immobilisation surface for LUB before subsequently introducing the cationic drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). The release of cationic drug was then investigated under passive and electrochemically stimulated conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was then carried out to quantify the amount of DOX released. It was shown that the amount of DOX released from nano brush layers of LUB tethered on gold and EAP surfaces could be increased by up to 30% per minute by applying a positive electrochemically stimulating pulse at 0.8 V for one minute. Using bovine serum albumin (BSA), we show that DOX loaded LUB tethered on para toluene sulfonic acid (pTS) doped polypyrrole retained antifouling ability of up to 75% when compared to unloaded tethered LUB. This work demonstrates the unique, novel ability of tethered LUB to actively participate in the delivery of cationic therapeutics on different substrate surfaces. This study could lead to the development of versatile multifunctional biomaterials for use in wide range of biomedical applications, such as dual drug delivery and lubricating coatings, dual drug delivery and antifouling coatings, cellular recording and stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clayton S Manasa
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Lilith M Caballero-Aguilar
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy 3065, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia.
| | - Simon E Moulton
- School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia; The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia; Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Victoria 3122, Australia.
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4
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Szin N, Silva SM, Moulton SE, Kapsa RMI, Quigley AF, Greene GW. Cellular Interactions with Lubricin and Hyaluronic Acid-Lubricin Composite Coatings on Gold Electrodes in Passive and Electrically Stimulated Environments. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3696-3708. [PMID: 34283570 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the field of bionics, the long-term effectiveness of implantable bionic interfaces depends upon maintaining a "clean" and unfouled electrical interface with biological tissues. Lubricin (LUB) is an innately biocompatible glycoprotein with impressive antifouling properties. Unlike traditional antiadhesive coatings, LUB coatings do not passivate electrode surfaces, giving LUB coatings great potential for controlling surface fouling of implantable electrode interfaces. This study characterizes the antifouling properties of bovine native LUB (N-LUB), recombinant human LUB (R-LUB), hyaluronic acid (HA), and composite coatings of HA and R-LUB (HA/R-LUB) on gold electrodes against human primary fibroblasts and chondrocytes in passive and electrically stimulated environments for up to 96 h. R-LUB coatings demonstrated highly effective antifouling properties, preventing nearly all adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts and chondrocytes even under biphasic electrical stimulation. N-LUB coatings, while showing efficacy in the short term, failed to produce sustained antifouling properties against fibroblasts or chondrocytes over longer periods of time. HA/R-LUB composite films also demonstrated highly effective antifouling performance equal to the R-LUB coatings in both passive and electrically stimulated environments. The high electrochemical stability and long-lasting antifouling properties of R-LUB and HA/R-LUB coatings in electrically stimulating environments reveal the potential of these coatings for controlling unwanted cell adhesion in implantable bionic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Szin
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Saimon M Silva
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - George W Greene
- Institute for Frontier Materials and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3216, Australia
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Lubricin as a tool for controlling adhesion in vivo and ex vivo. Biointerphases 2021; 16:020802. [PMID: 33736436 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to prevent or minimize the accumulation of unwanted biological materials on implantable medical devices is important in maintaining the long-term function of implants. To address this issue, there has been a focus on materials, both biological and synthetic, that have the potential to prevent device fouling. In this review, we introduce a glycoprotein called lubricin and report on its emergence as an effective antifouling coating material. We outline the versatility of lubricin coatings on different surfaces, describe the physical properties of its monolayer structures, and highlight its antifouling properties in improving implant compatibility as well as its use in treatment of ocular diseases and arthritis. This review further describes synthetic polymers mimicking the lubricin structure and function. We also discuss the potential future use of lubricin and its synthetic mimetics as antiadhesive biomaterials for therapeutic applications.
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