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Chaluvadi SK, Punathum Chalil S, Mazzola F, Dolabella S, Rajak P, Ferrara M, Ciancio R, Fujii J, Panaccione G, Rossi G, Orgiani P. Nd:YAG infrared laser as a viable alternative to excimer laser: YBCO case study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3882. [PMID: 36890286 PMCID: PMC9995509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on the growth and characterization of epitaxial YBa[Formula: see text]Cu[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] (YBCO) complex oxide thin films and related heterostructures exclusively by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and using first harmonic Nd:Y[Formula: see text]Al[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] (Nd:YAG) pulsed laser source ([Formula: see text] = 1064 nm). High-quality epitaxial YBCO thin film heterostructures display superconducting properties with transition temperature [Formula: see text] 80 K. Compared with the excimer lasers, when using Nd:YAG lasers, the optimal growth conditions are achieved at a large target-to-substrate distance d. These results clearly demonstrate the potential use of the first harmonic Nd:YAG laser source as an alternative to the excimer lasers for the PLD thin film community. Its compactness as well as the absence of any safety issues related to poisonous gas represent a major breakthrough in the deposition of complex multi-element compounds in form of thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Chaluvadi
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Shyni Punathum Chalil
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Federico Mazzola
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30172, Venice, Italy
| | - Simone Dolabella
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Piu Rajak
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Strada Costiera 11, 34151, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcello Ferrara
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Regina Ciancio
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,AREA Science Park, Padriciano 99, 34139, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jun Fujii
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Panaccione
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Rossi
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Orgiani
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, s.s.14 km 163.5, 34149, Trieste, Italy.
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Orgiani P, Chaluvadi SK, Chalil SP, Mazzola F, Jana A, Dolabella S, Rajak P, Ferrara M, Benedetti D, Fondacaro A, Salvador F, Ciancio R, Fujii J, Panaccione G, Vobornik I, Rossi G. Dual pulsed laser deposition system for the growth of complex materials and heterostructures. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2023; 94:033903. [PMID: 37012774 DOI: 10.1063/5.0138889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present an integrated ultra-high-vacuum (UHV) apparatus for the growth of complex materials and heterostructures. The specific growth technique is the Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) by means of a dual-laser source based on an excimer KrF ultraviolet and solid-state Nd:YAG infra-red lasers. By taking advantage of the two laser sources-both lasers can be independently used within the deposition chambers-a large number of different materials-ranging from oxides to metals, to selenides, and others-can be successfully grown in the form of thin films and heterostructures. All of the samples can be in situ transferred between the deposition chambers and the analysis chambers by using vessels and holders' manipulators. The apparatus also offers the possibility to transfer samples to remote instrumentation under UHV conditions by means of commercially available UHV-suitcases. The dual-PLD operates for in-house research as well as user facility in combination with the Advanced Photo-electric Effect beamline at the Elettra synchrotron radiation facility in Trieste and allows synchrotron-based photo-emission as well as x-ray absorption experiments on pristine films and heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orgiani
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - S K Chaluvadi
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Punathum Chalil
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Mazzola
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, 30172 Venice, Italy
| | - A Jana
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - S Dolabella
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - P Rajak
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - M Ferrara
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Benedetti
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Fondacaro
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - F Salvador
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - R Ciancio
- AREA Science Park, Padriciano 99, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - J Fujii
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Panaccione
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - I Vobornik
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Rossi
- CNR-IOM Istituto Officina dei Materiali, TASC Laboratory, Area Science Park, S.S. 14, km 163.5, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
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