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Xin JH, Fan HY, Guo BB, Yang HC, Zhu CY, Zhang C, Xu ZK. Interfacial polymerization at unconventional interfaces: an emerging strategy to tailor thin-film composite membranes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13258-13271. [PMID: 37869905 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04171a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Interfacial polymerization is a well-known process to synthesize separation layers for thin film composite membranes at an immiscible organic liquid-aqueous liquid interface. The organic-aqueous interface determines the diffusion dynamics of monomers and the chemical environment for polymerization, exerting a critical influence on the formation of polymer thin films. This review summarizes recent advances in tailoring interfacial polymerization using interfaces beyond the conventional alkane-water interface to achieve high-performance separation films with designed structures. Diverse liquid-liquid interfaces are introduced for synthesizing separation films by adding co-solvents into the organic phase and/or the aqueous phase, respectively, or by replacing one of the liquid phases with other solvents. Innovative liquid-gel and liquid-gas interfaces are then summarized for the synthesis of polymer thin films for separation. Novel strategies to form reaction interfaces, such as spray-coating, are also presented and discussed. In addition, we discuss the details of how a physically or chemically patterned substrate affects interfacial polymerization. Finally, the potential of unconventional interfaces in interfacial polymerization is forecast with both challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Xin
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hong-Yu Fan
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Bian-Bian Guo
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Cheng-Ye Zhu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Kang Xu
- MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane and Water Treatment, and Key Lab of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- The "Belt and Road" Sino-Portugal Joint Lab on Advanced Materials, International Research Center for X Polymers, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Radmanesh F, Tena A, Sudhölter EJR, Hempenius MA, Benes NE. Nonaqueous Interfacial Polymerization-Derived Polyphosphazene Films for Sieving or Blocking Hydrogen Gas. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2023; 5:1955-1964. [PMID: 36935655 PMCID: PMC10012169 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of cyclomatrix polyphosphazene films have been prepared by nonaqueous interfacial polymerization (IP) of small aromatic hydroxyl compounds in a potassium hydroxide dimethylsulfoxide solution and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene in cyclohexane on top of ceramic supports. Via the amount of dissolved potassium hydroxide, the extent of deprotonation of the aromatic hydroxyl compounds can be changed, in turn affecting the molecular structure and permselective properties of the thin polymer networks ranging from hydrogen/oxygen barriers to membranes with persisting hydrogen permselectivities at high temperatures. Barrier films are obtained with a high potassium hydroxide concentration, revealing permeabilities as low as 9.4 × 10-17 cm3 cm cm-2 s-1 Pa-1 for hydrogen and 1.1 × 10-16 cm3 cm cm-2 s-1 Pa-1 for oxygen. For films obtained with a lower concentration of potassium hydroxide, single gas permeation experiments reveal a molecular sieving behavior, with a hydrogen permeance of around 10-8 mol m-2 s-1 Pa-1 and permselectivities of H2/N2 (52.8), H2/CH4 (100), and H2/CO2 (10.1) at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Radmanesh
- Membrane
Science and Technology Cluster, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Tena
- The
European Membrane Institute Twente, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Surfaces
and Porous Materials (SMAP), Associated Research Unit to CSIC, UVainnova
Bldg, Po de Belén 11 and Institute of Sustainable Processes
(ISP), Dr. Mergelina S/n, University of
Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ernst J. R. Sudhölter
- Membrane
Science and Technology Cluster, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Organic
Materials & Interfaces, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. Hempenius
- Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500, AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nieck E. Benes
- Membrane
Science and Technology Cluster, Faculty of Science and Technology,
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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