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Günther T, Hedbom D, Åhlén M, Yoshino H, Miyasaka H, Kasai H, Oka K, Emanuelsson R. Unlocking the Charge-Storage Potential of a Phenanthraquinone-based Two-Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework (2D COF). Chempluschem 2024:e202400184. [PMID: 38837329 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The high surface area, open pore-structure and atomic-level organization inherent in many covalent organic frameworks (COFs) make them an attractive polymer platform for developing functional materials. Herein, a chemically robust 2D COF (TpOMe-DAPQ COF) containing phenanthraquinone moieties was prepared by condensing 2,4,6-trimethoxy-1,3,5-benzenetricarbaldehyde (TpOMe) and 2,7-diamino-9,10-phenanthraquinone (DAPQ) using the convenient mechanochemical method. The poor charge-storage capacity of the pristine TpOMe-DAPQ COF was substantially improved by first investigating its redox-site accessibility (RSA) using different conductivity-enhancement methods, and then optimizing the amount of EDOT needed to perform an in-situ polymerization. The resulting composite (0.4EDOT@TpOMe-DAPQ) was characterized and its enhanced charge-storage capabilities enabled it to be used as an anode material in an aqueous Mn beaker-cell battery capable of delivering 0.76 V. This work outlines the rational design approach used to develop a functional charge-storage material utilizing a COF-based polymerization platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyran Günther
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering - Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Uppsala University, Box 35, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Daniel Hedbom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering - Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Uppsala University, Box 35, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michelle Åhlén
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering - Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Uppsala University, Box 35, SE-751 03, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Haruka Yoshino
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, 980-8577, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyasaka
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, 980-8577, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kasai
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, 980-8577, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kouki Oka
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, 980-8577, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rikard Emanuelsson
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, SE-751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
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Shi M, Das P, Wu ZS, Liu TG, Zhang X. Aqueous Organic Batteries Using the Proton as a Charge Carrier. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302199. [PMID: 37253345 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Benefiting from the merits of low cost, nonflammability, and high operational safety, aqueous rechargeable batteries have emerged as promising candidates for large-scale energy-storage applications. Among various metal-ion/non-metallic charge carriers, the proton (H+ ) as a charge carrier possesses numerous unique properties such as fast proton diffusion dynamics, a low molar mass, and a small hydrated ion radius, which endow aqueous proton batteries (APBs) with a salient rate capability, a long-term life span, and an excellent low-temperature electrochemical performance. In addition, redox-active organic molecules, with the advantages of structural diversity, rich proton-storage sites, and abundant resources, are considered attractive electrode materials for APBs. However, the charge-storage and transport mechanisms of organic electrodes in APBs are still in their infancy. Therefore, finding suitable electrode materials and uncovering the H+ -storage mechanisms are significant for the application of organic materials in APBs. Herein, the latest research progress on organic materials, such as small molecules and polymers for APBs, is reviewed. Furthermore, a comprehensive summary and evaluation of APBs employing organic electrodes as anode and/or cathode is provided, especially regarding their low-temperature and high-power performances, along with systematic discussions for guiding the rational design and the construction of APBs based on organic electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangmang Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
- School of physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Pratteek Das
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhong-Shuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Tie-Gen Liu
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemigården 4, Göteborg, SE-412 96, Sweden
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Akai R, Oka K, Nishida R, Tohnai N. Controlling the Movability and Excimer Formation of Functional Organic Molecules. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Akai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Kouki Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Ryunosuke Nishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871
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Akai R, Oka K, Nishida R, Tohnai N. Systematic arrangement control of functional organic molecules. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00336h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Systematic and precise arrangement control of functional organic molecules without changing both their molecular and layered structure was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Akai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kouki Oka
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Nishida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Future Innovation (CFi), Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Samal S, Schmitt A, Thompson BC. Contrasting the Charge Carrier Mobility of Isotactic, Syndiotactic, and Atactic Poly(( N-carbazolylethylthio)propyl methacrylate). ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:1493-1500. [PMID: 35549131 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Isotactic nonconjugated pendant electroactive polymers (NCPEPs) have recently shown potential to achieve comparable charge carrier mobilities with conjugated polymers. Here we report the broader influence of tacticity in NCPEPs, using poly((N-carbazolylethylthio)propyl methacrylate) (PCzETPMA) as a model polymer. We utilized the thiol-ene reaction as an efficient postpolymerization functionalization method to achieve pendant polymers with high isotacticity and syndiotacticity. We found that a stereoregular isotactic polymer showed ∼100 times increased hole mobility (μh) as compared to both atactic and low molecular weight syndiotactic PCzETPMA, achieving μh of 2.19 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1 after annealing at 120 °C. High molecular weight syndiotactic PCzETPMA gave ∼10 times higher μh than its atactic counterpart, comparable to isotactic PCzETPMA after annealing at 150 °C. Importantly, high molecular weight syndiotactic PCzETPMA showed a dramatic increase in μh to 1.82 × 10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 when measured after annealing at 210 °C, which surpassed the well-known conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) (μh = 4.51 × 10-4 cm2 V-1 s-1). MD simulations indicated short-range π-π stacked ordering in the case of stereoregular isotactic and syndiotactic polymers. This work is the first report of charge carrier mobilities in syndiotactic NCPEPs and demonstrates that the tacticity, annealing conditions, and molecular weight of NCPEPs can strongly affect μh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Samal
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Alexander Schmitt
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
| | - Barry C Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1661, United States
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