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Yaldagard M, Arkas M. Enhanced Mass Activity and Durability of Bimetallic Pt-Pd Nanoparticles on Sulfated-Zirconia-Doped Graphene Nanoplates for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications. Molecules 2024; 29:2129. [PMID: 38731620 PMCID: PMC11085642 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing highly active and durable Pt-based electrocatalysts is crucial for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. This study focuses on the performance of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts composed of Pt-Pd alloy nanoparticles on graphene nanoplates (GNPs) anchored with sulfated zirconia nanoparticles. The results of field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that Pt-Pd and S-ZrO2 are well dispersed on the surface of the GNPs. X-ray diffraction revealed that the S-ZrO2 and Pt-Pd alloy coexist in the Pt-Pd/S-ZrO2-GNP nanocomposites without affecting the crystalline lattice of Pt and the graphitic structure of the GNPs. To evaluate the electrochemical activity and reaction kinetics for ORR, we performed cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc electrode, and EIS experiments in acidic solutions at room temperature. The findings showed that Pt-Pd/S-ZrO2-GNPs exhibited a better ORR performance than the Pt-Pd catalyst on the unsulfated ZrO2-GNP support and with Pt on S-ZrO2-GNPs and commercial Pt/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Yaldagard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia 5766-151818, Iran
| | - Michael Arkas
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 15310 Athens, Greece
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2
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Lin F, Li M, Zeng L, Luo M, Guo S. Intermetallic Nanocrystals for Fuel-Cells-Based Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:12507-12593. [PMID: 37910391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis underpins the renewable electrochemical conversions for sustainability, which further replies on metallic nanocrystals as vital electrocatalysts. Intermetallic nanocrystals have been known to show distinct properties compared to their disordered counterparts, and been long explored for functional improvements. Tremendous progresses have been made in the past few years, with notable trend of more precise engineering down to an atomic level and the investigation transferring into more practical membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which motivates this timely review. After addressing the basic thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals, we discuss classic and latest synthetic strategies that enable not only the formation of intermetallic phase but also the rational control of other catalysis-determinant structural parameters, such as size and morphology. We also demonstrate the emerging intermetallic nanomaterials for potentially further advancement in energy electrocatalysis. Then, we discuss the state-of-the-art characterizations and representative intermetallic electrocatalysts with emphasis on oxygen reduction reaction evaluated in a MEA setup. We summarize this review by laying out existing challenges and offering perspective on future research directions toward practicing intermetallic electrocatalysts for energy conversions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Menggang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lingyou Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingchuan Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Innovation Centre for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Zhou C, Zhang R, Rong Y, Yang Y, Jiang X. Facile Synthesis of Hierarchically Porous Ni-N-C for Efficient CO 2 Electroreduction to CO. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42585-42593. [PMID: 37649346 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The reasonable design of atomically dispersed Ni-Nx sites in porous carbon nanostructures is an efficient strategy to enhance the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) catalytic activity. In this work, atomically dispersed Ni-Nx sites on hierarchically porous carbon catalysts (HP-Ni-NC) were fabricated by a facile NaCl template-assisted pyrolysis method. The catalysts exhibit a large specific surface area and a hierarchical porous structure, facilitating the exposure of numerous active sites and the mass/electron transport during the CO2RR. Consequently, the CO Faradaic efficiency maintained over 90% in a wide potential window on the optimized HP-Ni-NC-2 catalyst. The CO partial current achieved 15.2 mA cm-2 at -0.9 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) in a H-cell. Furthermore, the current density can achieve 250 mA cm-2 at a cell voltage of 3.11 V in a membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer, demonstrating great promise for commercial-scale application. This study presents a facile approach to synthesizing hierarchically porous structure single-atom catalysts with superior catalytic performance toward CO2RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youwen Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yaoyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaole Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Fundamental Chemistry of the State Ethnic Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Wang Z, Chen S, Wu W, Chen R, Zhu Y, Jiang H, Yu L, Cheng N. Tailored Lattice Compressive Strain of Pt-Skins by the L1 2 -Pt 3 M Intermetallic Core for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2301310. [PMID: 37196181 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and unsatisfactory durability of Pt-based catalysts are severely hindering the commercialization of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, the lattice compressive strain of Pt-skins imposed by Pt-based intermetallic cores is tailored for highly effective ORR through the confinement effect of the activated nitrogen-doped porous carbon (a-NPC). The modulated pores of a-NPC not only promote Pt-based intermetallics with ultrasmall size (average size of <4 nm), but also efficiently stabilizes intermetallic nanoparticles and sufficient exposure of active sites during the ORR process. The optimized catalyst (L12 -Pt3 Co@ML-Pt/NPC10 ) achieves excellent mass activity (1.72 A mgPt -1 ) and specific activity (3.49 mA cmPt -2 ), which are 11- and 15-fold that of commercial Pt/C, respectively. Besides, owing to the confinement effect of a-NPC and protection of Pt-skins, L12 -Pt3 Co@ML-Pt/NPC10 retains 98.1% mass activity after 30 000 cycles, and even 95% for 100 000 cycles, while Pt/C retains only 51.2% for 30 000 cycles. Rationalized by density functional theory, compared with other metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, and Zn), L12 -Pt3 Co closer to the top of "volcano" induces a more suitable compressive strain and electronic structure on Pt-skin, leading to an optimal oxygen adsorption energy and a remarkable ORR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Suhao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Runzhe Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Jiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Liyue Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
| | - Niancai Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510641, P. R. China
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Wang S, Sheng T, Yuan Q. Low-Pt Octahedral PtCuCo Nanoalloys: "One Stone, Four Birds" for Oxygen Reduction and Methanol Oxidation Reactions. Inorg Chem 2023. [PMID: 37418587 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
To find a low-Pt electrocatalyst that is functionally integrated and superior to the state-of-the-art single-Pt electrocatalyst is expectedly a challenge. We have in this study found that the reactivity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes (viz., four half-cell reactions), can be modified and greatly enhanced by the electronic and/or synergistic effects of a low-Pt octahedral PtCuCo alloy. For the ORR, the mass activity (MA) of Pt0.23Cu0.64Co0.13/C in an acidic or alkaline electrolyte was 14.3 or 10.7 times that of the commercial Pt/C. For the MOR, the MA of Pt0.23Cu0.64Co0.13/C in an acidic or alkaline electrolyte was 7.2 or 3.4 times that of the commercial Pt/C. In addition, Pt0.23Cu0.64Co0.13/C exhibited an increased durability and CO tolerance, as compared with the commercial Pt/C. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the PtCuCo(111) surface can effectively optimize the O* binding energy. This work has successfully shown an example of how both acidic and alkaline ORR and MOR activities can be significantly synchronously enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Wang
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- State-Local Joint Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Biomass, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province 550025, People's Republic of China
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6
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Manna N, Singh M, Kurungot S. Microporous 3D-Structured Hierarchically Entangled Graphene-Supported Pt 3Co Alloy Catalyst for PEMFC Application with Process-Friendly Features. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37267475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To improve the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode with respect to mass activity and durability, a suitable electrocatalyst design strategy is essentially needed. Here, we have prepared a sub-three nm-sized platinum (Pt)-cobalt (Co) alloy (Pt3Co)-supported N-doped microporous 3D graphene (Pt3Co/pNEGF) by using the polyol synthesis method. A microwave-assisted synthesis method was employed to prepare the catalyst based on the 3D porous carbon support with a large pore volume and dense micro-/mesoporous surfaces. The ORR performance of Pt3Co/pNEGF closely matches with the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C catalyst in 0.1 M HClO4, with a small overpotential of 10 mV. The 3D microporous structure of the N-doped graphene significantly improves the mass transport of the reactant and thus the overall ORR performance. As a result of the lower loading of Pt in Pt3Co/pNEGF as compared to that in Pt/C, the alloy catalyst achieved 1.5 times higher mass activity than Pt/C. After 10,000 cycles, the difference in the electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and half-wave potential (E1/2) of Pt3Co/pNEGF is found to be 5 m2 gPt-1 (ΔECSA) and 24 mV (ΔE1/2), whereas, for Pt/C, these values are 9 m2 gPt-1 and 32 mV, respectively. Finally, in a realistic perspective, single-cell testing of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was made by sandwiching the Pt3Co/pNEGF-coated gas diffusion layers as the cathode displayed a maximum power density of 800 mW cm-2 under H2-O2 feed conditions with a clear indication of helping the system in the mass-transfer region (i.e., the high current dragging condition). The nature of the I-V polarization shows a progressively lower slope in this region of the polarization plot compared to a similar system made from its Pt/C counterpart and a significantly improved performance throughout the polarization region in the case of the system made from the Pt3Co/NEGF catalyst (without the microwave treatment) counterpart. These results validate the better process friendliness of Pt3Co/pNEGF as a PEMFC electrode-specific catalyst owing to its unique texture with 3D architecture and well-defined porosity with better structural endurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narugopal Manna
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mayank Singh
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Sreekumar Kurungot
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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Feng S, Geng Y, Liu H, Li H. Targeted Intermetallic Nanocatalysts for Sustainable Biomass and CO 2 Valorization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Feng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 8 Guangrong Road, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Yanyan Geng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 8 Guangrong Road, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 8 Guangrong Road, Tianjin300130, China
| | - Hao Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, 8 Guangrong Road, Tianjin300130, China
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Li H, Zhao H, Tao B, Xu G, Gu S, Wang G, Chang H. Pt-Based Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Controllable Preparation and Structural Design of Catalytic Layer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4173. [PMID: 36500796 PMCID: PMC9735689 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have attracted extensive attention because of their high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and lack of noise pollution. However, PEMFCs still face many difficulties in practical application, such as insufficient power density, high cost, and poor durability. The main reason for these difficulties is the slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on the cathode due to the insufficient stability and catalytic activity of the catalyst. Therefore, it is very important to develop advanced platinum (Pt)-based catalysts to realize low Pt loads and long-term operation of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) modules to improve the performance of PEMFC. At present, the research on PEMFC has mainly been focused on two areas: Pt-based catalysts and the structural design of catalytic layers. This review focused on the latest research progress of the controllable preparation of Pt-based ORR catalysts and structural design of catalytic layers in PEMFC. Firstly, the design principle of advanced Pt-based catalysts was introduced. Secondly, the controllable preparation of catalyst structure, morphology, composition and support, and their influence on catalytic activity of ORR and overall performance of PEMFC, were discussed. Thirdly, the effects of optimizing the structure of the catalytic layer (CL) on the performance of MEA were analyzed. Finally, the challenges and prospects of Pt-based catalysts and catalytic layer design were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Li
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Boran Tao
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guoxiao Xu
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Shaonan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals in Universities of Shandong, Jinan Engineering Laboratory for Multi-Scale Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guofu Wang
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Haixin Chang
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory for New Energy Vehicle Power Lithium Battery, School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
- Quantum-Nano Matter and Device Lab, State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Bian L, Ma J, Ai J, Wang Y, Wang N, Wang X, Guo G, Pu Q. NaCl Micro-Crystal as a Molecular Mold for Enhanced Synthesis of Planar Phenazines and Their Applications on Chemosensing and a Full-Color Fluorescent Material. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:39441-39450. [PMID: 35993697 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
NaCl has been successfully used as a template for the synthesis of 2D nanomaterials, but it is seldom used for the construction of flat small organic molecules. Herein, a simple, low-cost, and highly efficient synthesis of phenazines with planar main frames, such as 5-phenyl-5,14-dihydro-5,7,12,14-tetraazapentacene, in the presence of NaCl micro-crystal as a kind of molecular mold is described. The reactants were mixed with NaCl powder and heated to 320 °C for 5 min. Yields >90% were readily achieved after a simple precipitation in water. The effectiveness of NaCl crystal as a mold with HCl was confirmed by comparison with common inorganic salts, SiO2, and γ-Al2O3 with HCl together with combinations including NaNO3 + HNO3, Na2SO4 + H2SO4, NaH2PO4 + H3PO4, and NaH2PO4 + polyphosphoric acid. The mechanism was deduced with the aid of computer simulation, which confirms the stabilization of 5,14-dihydro-5,7,12,14-tetraazapentacene by the NaCl surface. DMSO solution of a product, 1,3-dihydro-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazin-2-one, showed enhanced fluorescence in H2O, and it was used as a fluorescent probe for pH and Hg2+. A full-color material was prepared by mixing precursors of epoxy resin and phenazines, and its fluorescent color could be adjusted by the ratio of phenazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianshui Normal University, Tianshui 741001, China
| | - Jiebing Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Naiyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Biology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Batch synthesis of high activity and durability carbon supported platinum catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction using a new facile continuous microwave pipeline technology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:174-188. [PMID: 35987155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Traditional synthesis methodologies for fuel cell catalyst production involve long reactions and uncontrollable reaction processes. Synthesis methods for the production of catalysts typically have difficulties to achieve catalysts materials with consistency, high activity, and durability. In this study, a fast, simple, and suitable continuous pipeline microwave method for catalyst mass production was developed, with the carbon carrier being treated at different temperatures simultaneously. The method herein developed resulted in carbon-supported platinum (Pt) catalysts with high activity and high durability. In addition, the half-wave potential of the catalyst exceeded 0.9 V, the electrochemical active surface area reached 85.7 m2-gPt-1, and the mass specific activity reached 171.1 mA-mg-1. Remarkably, after 30,000 cycles of Pt attenuation tests and 30,000 cycles of carbon carrier attenuation tests, the retention rate of the annealed carbon carrier catalyst reached 80 %. As a membrane electrode, the catalyst generated a single cell maximum power density of 1.4 W-cm-2, and the Pt content reached 0.286 gPt-kW-1. The work provides an effective and practical method for the mass production of high-performance and high-durability catalysts, which guiding significance for mass production of catalysts.
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Zhao L, Jiang J, Xiao S, Li Z, Wang J, Wei X, Kong Q, Chen JS, Wu R. PtZn nanoparticles supported on porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers as highly stable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Pt-Based Intermetallic Nanocrystals in Cathode Catalysts for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: From Precise Synthesis to Oxygen Reduction Reaction Strategy. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11091050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts have been extensively investigated and developed, there is a lack of clarity on catalysts that can balance high performance and low cost. Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals are of special interest in the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) due to their excellent ORR activity and stability. This review summarizes the wide range of applications of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals in cathode catalysts for PEMFCs and their unique advantages in the field of ORR. Firstly, we introduce the fundamental understanding of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals, and highlight the difficulties and countermeasures in their synthesis. Then, the progress of theoretical and experimental studies related to the ORR activity and stability of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals in recent years are reviewed, especially the integrated strategies for enhancing the stability of ORR. Finally, the challenges faced by Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals are summarized and future research directions are proposed. In addition, numerous design ideas of Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals as ORR catalysts are summarized, aiming to promote further development of commercialization of PEMFC catalysts while fully understanding Pt-based intermetallic nanocrystals.
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