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Wang Y, Wang Y, Jian M, Jiang Q, Li X. MXene Key Composites: A New Arena for Gas Sensors. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:209. [PMID: 38842597 PMCID: PMC11156835 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
With the development of science and technology, the scale of industrial production continues to grow, and the types and quantities of gas raw materials used in industrial production and produced during the production process are also constantly increasing. These gases include flammable and explosive gases, and even contain toxic gases. Therefore, it is very important and necessary for gas sensors to detect and monitor these gases quickly and accurately. In recent years, a new two-dimensional material called MXene has attracted widespread attention in various applications. Their abundant surface functional groups and sites, excellent current conductivity, tunable surface chemistry, and outstanding stability make them promising for gas sensor applications. Since the birth of MXene materials, researchers have utilized the efficient and convenient solution etching preparation, high flexibility, and easily functionalize MXene with other materials to prepare composites for gas sensing. This has opened a new chapter in high-performance gas sensing materials and provided a new approach for advanced sensor research. However, previous reviews on MXene-based composite materials in gas sensing only focused on the performance of gas sensing, without systematically explaining the gas sensing mechanisms generated by different gases, as well as summarizing and predicting the advantages and disadvantages of MXene-based composite materials. This article reviews the latest progress in the application of MXene-based composite materials in gas sensing. Firstly, a brief summary was given of the commonly used methods for preparing gas sensing device structures, followed by an introduction to the key attributes of MXene related to gas sensing performance. This article focuses on the performance of MXene-based composite materials used for gas sensing, such as MXene/graphene, MXene/Metal oxide, MXene/Transition metal sulfides (TMDs), MXene/Metal-organic framework (MOF), MXene/Polymer. It summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of MXene composite materials with different composites and discusses the possible gas sensing mechanisms of MXene-based composite materials for different gases. Finally, future directions and inroads of MXenes-based composites in gas sensing are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Jian
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinting Jiang
- Key Materials and Components of Electrical Vehicles for Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation, Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China
| | - Xifei Li
- Key Materials and Components of Electrical Vehicles for Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation, Institute of Advanced Electrochemical Energy and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, People's Republic of China.
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Pawar KK, Kumar A, Mirzaei A, Kumar M, Kim HW, Kim SS. 2D nanomaterials for realization of flexible and wearable gas sensors: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141234. [PMID: 38278446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Gas sensors are extensively employed for monitoring and detection of hazardous gases and vapors. Many of them are produced on rigid substrates, but flexible and wearable gas sensors are needed for intriguing usage including the internet of things (IoT) and medical devices. The materials with the greatest potential for the fabrication of flexible and wearable gas sensing devices are two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting nanomaterials, which consist of graphene and its substitutes, transition metal dichalcogenides, and MXenes. These types of materials have good mechanical flexibility, high charge carrier mobility, a large area of surface, an abundance of defects and dangling bonds, and, in certain instances adequate transparency and ease of synthesis. In this review, we have addressed the different 2D nonmaterial properties for gas sensing in the context of fabrication of flexible/wearable gas sensors. We have discussed the sensing performance of flexible/wearable gas sensors in various forms such as pristine, composite and noble metal decorated. We believe that content of this review paper is greatly useful for the researchers working in the research area of fabrication of flexible/wearable gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Kiran Pawar
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; The Research Institute of Industrial Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea; School of Nanoscience and Technology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, 416004, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India
| | - Ali Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, 715557-13876, Iran
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India; Department of Cybernetics, Nanotechnology and Data Processing, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Hyoun Woo Kim
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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John RAB, Vijayan K, Septiani NLW, Hardiansyah A, Kumar AR, Yuliarto B, Hermawan A. Gas-Sensing Mechanisms and Performances of MXenes and MXene-Based Heterostructures. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8674. [PMID: 37960373 PMCID: PMC10650624 DOI: 10.3390/s23218674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
MXenes are a class of 2D transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with exceptional properties, including substantial electrical and thermal conductivities, outstanding mechanical strength, and a considerable surface area, rendering them an appealing choice for gas sensors. This manuscript provides a comprehensive analysis of heterostructures based on MXenes employed in gas-sensing applications and focuses on addressing the limited understanding of the sensor mechanisms of MXene-based heterostructures while highlighting their potential to enhance gas-sensing performance. The manuscript begins with a broad overview of gas-sensing mechanisms in both pristine materials and MXene-based heterostructures. Subsequently, it explores various features of MXene-based heterostructures, including their composites with other materials and their prospects for gas-sensing applications. Additionally, the manuscript evaluates different engineering strategies for MXenes and compares their advantages to other materials while discussing the limitations of current state-of-the-art sensors. Ultimately, this review seeks to foster collaboration and knowledge exchange within the field, facilitating the development of high-performance gas sensors based on MXenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Alice B. John
- School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (R.A.B.J.); (K.V.); (A.R.K.)
| | - Karthikeyan Vijayan
- School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (R.A.B.J.); (K.V.); (A.R.K.)
| | - Ni Luh Wulan Septiani
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang City 15314, Indonesia; (N.L.W.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Andri Hardiansyah
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang City 15314, Indonesia; (N.L.W.S.); (A.H.)
| | - A Ruban Kumar
- School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India; (R.A.B.J.); (K.V.); (A.R.K.)
| | - Brian Yuliarto
- Advanced Functional Materials Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Angga Hermawan
- Research Center for Advanced Materials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), South Tangerang City 15314, Indonesia; (N.L.W.S.); (A.H.)
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University Ueda Campus, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
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Atkare S, Kaushik SD, Jagtap S, Rout CS. Room-temperature chemiresistive ammonia sensors based on 2D MXenes and their hybrids: recent developments and future prospects. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13831-13851. [PMID: 37724340 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02401f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Detection of ammonia (NH3) gas at room temperature is essential in a variety of sectors, including pollution monitoring, commercial safety and medical services, etc. Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as fascinating candidates for gas-sensing applications due to their distinct properties. MXenes, a type of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides/carbonotrides, have drawn the interest of researchers due to their high conductivity, large surface area, and changing surface chemistry. The review begins by describing the NH3 gas-detecting methods of 2D materials and then concentrates on MXene-based sensors, emphasising the benefits that MXenes provide in this context. The study also explains the prime factors involved in evaluating sensor performance, which include sensor response, sensitivity, selectivity, stability, charge transfer values, adsorption energy and response/recovery times. Subsequently, the review covers two main categories: pristine/intercalated MXenes and MXene-based hybrid materials. The review investigates the approaches for improving the sensing characteristics of pristine and intercalated MXenes by introducing MXene hybrids like MXene-metal oxide hybrids, MXene-transition metal dichalcogenides hybrid, MXene-other 2D materials hybrid, MXene-polymers and other hybrids and other MXene-derived materials. In summary, this review offers a thorough overview of current advancements and potential applications for room-temperature ammonia sensors based on 2D MXenes and their hybrids. In order to pave the way for future improvements in MXene-based gas-sensing technology for room temperature ammonia detection, the study concludes by outlining potential future scope and conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayali Atkare
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India
| | - Som Datta Kaushik
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research Mumbai Centre, R-5 Shed, BARC, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Shweta Jagtap
- Department of Electronic and Instrumentation Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Chandra Sekhar Rout
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University), Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura Road, Bangalore - 562112, Karnataka, India.
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Radhakrishnan S, Rout CS. Recent developments in 2D MXene-based materials for next generation room temperature NO 2 gas sensors. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:4649-4669. [PMID: 37705807 PMCID: PMC10496894 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00275f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
MXenes with distinctive structures, good electrical conductivity and abundant functional groups have shown great potential in the fabrication of high performance gas sensors. Since the sensing mechanism of MXene-based gas sensors often involves a surface-dominant process, they can work at room temperature. In this regard, a significant amount of research has been carried out on MXene-based room temperature gas sensors and they can be viewed as one of the possible materials for NO2 sensing applications in the future. In this review, we focus on the most recent research and improvements in pure MXenes and their nanocomposites for NO2 gas sensing applications. First, we have explored the mechanisms involved in MXenes for NO2 gas sensing. Following that, other ways to tune the MXene sensing performance are investigated, including nanocomposite formation with metal oxides, polymers, and other 2D materials. A comparative analysis of the RT NO2 sensor performance based on MXenes and their hybrids is provided. We also discuss the major challenges of using MXene-related materials and the areas that can further advance in the future for the development of high-performance room temperature NO2 gas sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sithara Radhakrishnan
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura Bangalore 562112 Karnataka India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Rout
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus, Kanakapura Bangalore 562112 Karnataka India
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Li L, Zhou L, Hu Z, Li T, Chen B, Li HY, Liu H. Hollow-Out Fe 2O 3-Loaded NiO Heterojunction Nanorods Enable Real-Time Exhaled Ethanol Monitoring under High Humidity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:15707-15720. [PMID: 36924356 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c23088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of exhaled breath has opened up new exciting avenues in medical diagnostics, sleep monitoring, and drunk driving detection. Nevertheless, the detection accuracy is greatly affected due to high humidity in the exhaled breath. Here, we propose a regulation method to solve the problem of humidity adaptability in the ethanol-monitoring process by building a heterojunction and hollow-out nanostructure. Therefore, large specific surface area hollow-out Fe2O3-loaded NiO heterojunction nanorods assembled by porous ultrathin nanosheets were prepared by a well-tailored interface reaction. The excellent response (51.2 toward 10 ppm ethanol at 80% relative humidity) and selectivity to ethanol under high relative humidity with a lower operating temperature (150 °C) were obtained, and the detection limit was as low as 0.5 ppb with excellent long-term stability. The superior gas-sensing performance was attributed to the high surface activity of the heterojunction and hollow-out nanostructure. More importantly, GC-MS, diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and DFT were utilized to analyze the mechanisms of heterojunction sensitization, ethanol-sensing reaction, and high-humidity adaptability. Our integrated low-power MEMS Internet of Things (IoT) system based on Fe2O3@NiO successfully demonstrates the functional verification of ethanol detection in human exhalation, and the integrated voice alarm and IoT positioning functions are expected to solve the problem of real-time monitoring and rapid initial screening of drunk driving. Overall, this novel method plays a vital role in areas such as control of material morphology and composition, breath analysis, gas-sensing mechanism research, and artificial olfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Licheng Zhou
- School of Integrated Circuits, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zhixiang Hu
- School of Integrated Circuits, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Tiankun Li
- Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1085 Meiquan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Chen
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yao Li
- School of Integrated Circuits, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
- Wenzhou Advanced Manufacturing Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1085 Meiquan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P. R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- School of Integrated Circuits, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Optics Valley Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
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Synergistic coupling of 0D–2D heterostructure from ZnO and Ti3C2T MXene-derived TiO2 for boosted NO2 detection at room temperature. NANO MATERIALS SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoms.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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8
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Zhao Q, Jiang Y, Yuan Z, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Tai H. MXene复合气敏材料: 最新进展与未来挑战. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2022. [DOI: 10.1360/tb-2021-1340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Echols IJ, An H, Yun J, Sarang KT, Oh JH, Habib T, Zhao X, Cao H, Holta DE, Radovic M, Green MJ, Lutkenhaus JL. Electronic and Optical Property Control of Polycation/MXene Layer-by-Layer Assemblies with Chemically Diverse MXenes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:11338-11350. [PMID: 34523932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, 2D nanomaterials derived from ceramic MAX phases, have drawn considerable interest in a wide variety of fields including energy storage, catalysis, and sensing. There are many possible MXene compositions due to the chemical and structural diversity of parent MAX phases, which can bear different possible metal atoms "M", number of layers, and carbon or nitrogen "X" constituents. Despite the potential variety in MXene types, the bulk of MXene research focuses upon the first MXene discovered, Ti3C2T. With the recent discovery of polymer/MXene multilayer assemblies as thin films and coatings, there is a need to broaden the accessible types of multilayers by including MXenes other than Ti3C2Tz; however, it is not clear how altering the MXene type influences the resulting multilayer growth and properties. Here, we report on the first use of MXenes other than Ti3C2Tz, specifically Ti2CTz and Nb2CTz, for the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of polycation/MXene multilayers. By comparing these MXenes, we evaluate both how changing M (Ti vs Nb) and "n" (Ti3C2Tzvs Ti2CTz) affect the growth and properties of the resulting multilayer. Specifically, the aqueous LbL assembly of each MXene with poly(diallyldimethylammonium) into films and coatings is examined. Further, we compare the oxidative stability, optoelectronic properties (refractive index, absorption coefficient, optical conductivity, and direct and indirect optical band gaps), and the radio frequency heating response of each multilayer. We observe that MXene multilayers with higher "n" are more electrically conductive and oxidatively stable. We also demonstrate that Nb2CTz containing films have lower optical band gaps and refractive indices at the cost of lower electrical conductivities as compared to their Ti2CTz counterparts. Our work demonstrates that the properties of MXene/polycation multilayers are highly dependent on the choice of constituent MXene and that the MXene type can be altered to suit specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Echols
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Hyosung An
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Junyeong Yun
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Kasturi T Sarang
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Ju-Hyun Oh
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Touseef Habib
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Huaixuan Cao
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Dustin E Holta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Miladin Radovic
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Micah J Green
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jodie L Lutkenhaus
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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