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Wang Z, Zhang Q, Liu W, Luo H, Kong X, Yang Q, Zhang D, Yu Y. Synergistic Zn and MoS 2 Tailored Co-N/C Environments Enabling Bifunctional ORR/OER Electrocatalysis for Advanced Li-O 2 Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2025; 64:e202425502. [PMID: 39921426 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202425502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/10/2025]
Abstract
To better adapt lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs) and overcome their sluggish oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR/OER) kinetics, designing efficient bifunctional ORR/OER catalytic materials is essential. In this study, we successfully constructed a bifunctional ZnCo-N/C@MoS2 catalyst by tailoring the Co-N/C center with Zn incorporation and MoS2 encapsulation. Surprisingly, Zn atoms, which are typically considered to promote the Co atoms isolation, exhibit a promoting effect on the ORR performance of Co-N/C centers and enhance their stability under harsh conditions. Introducing MoS2 establishes Mo-N coupling centers, enhancing electron transfer and adjusting the charge density of Co active centers, thereby compensating OER activity limitation of ZnCo-N/C. In Li-O2 batteries, Zn and MoS2 synergistically optimize intermediate interactions and regulate LiO2 formation/decomposition, while Zn's environmental adaptability and MoS2's encapsulating protection jointly enhance operational stability. Results show that ZnCo-N/C@MoS2, serving as the oxygen electrode in Li-O2 batteries, achieves a low overpotential of 1.01 V, an ultra-high specific capacity of 25,026 mAh g-1, and a long cycle life of 298 cycles. This work achieves bifunctionality in single-atom catalysts through precise dual modulation of the catalytic environment, providing a novel strategy for the development of lithium-oxygen batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Wenhong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Hao Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Xianghua Kong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Qingchun Yang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Value-Added Catalytic Conversion and Reaction Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Materials Science and Engineering CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
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Zhu Y, Sun H, Zhang T, Li Q, Xue Z, Yu M, Li J, Wang X. Tailoring Cationic Cobalt Vacancies in Molybdenum-Cobalt Selenide Derived from POM@ZIF-67 for Enhanced Electrocatalysis in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:23511-23520. [PMID: 39446121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c03299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
Slow reaction kinetics during redox reactions limits the utilization of the high theoretical energy density of lithium-oxygen batteries (LOBs). Vacancy engineering, a potential strategy for modulating active sites, is critical in the development of high performance catalysts. This study investigates cobalt vacancies in Mo-CoSe2 nanoparticles created by selenization of phosphomolybdic acid (POM) embedded into zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). The nanomaterial exhibits an outstanding electrochemical performance, characterized by high specific capacitance and excellent cycle durability. The LOBs with cobalt vacancies in the Mo-CoSe2 electrode material exhibit a discharge capacity of 21 836 mAh g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1 and exhibit stable cycling performance over 194 cycles at 300 mA g-1. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest that the presence of cobalt vacancies increases the distance between the surface selenium atoms and the subsurface cobalt atoms. In addition, cobalt vacancies modify the electronic structure of the d-orbitals, lowering the energy barriers of the reaction and accelerating the reaction kinetics by improving the adsorption of the reactants. The research introduces a strategy for the rational design of efficient cathode materials in LOBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi 117000, China
| | - Hong Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Zhichao Xue
- Department of Science, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Mingfu Yu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110000, China
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Luo Z, Gong J, Li Q, Wei F, Liu B, Taylor Isimjan T, Yang X. Geometric and Electronic Engineering in Co/VN Nanoparticles to Boost Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis for Aqueous/Flexible Zn-Air Batteries. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303943. [PMID: 38288675 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Modulating metal-metal and metal-support interactions is one of the potent tools for augmenting catalytic performance. Herein, highly active Co/VN nanoparticles are well dispersed on three-dimensional porous carbon nanofoam (Co/VN@NC) with the assistance of dicyandiamide. Studies certify that the consequential disordered carbon substrate reinforces the confinement of electrons, while the coupling of diverse components optimizes charge redistribution among species. Besides, theoretical analyses confirm that the regulated electron configuration can significantly tune the binding strength between the active sites and intermediates, thus optimizing reaction energy barriers. Therefore, Co/VN@NC exhibits a competitive potential difference (ΔE, 0.65 V) between the half-wave potential of ORR and OER potential at 10 mA cm-2, outperforming Pt/C+RuO2 (0.67 V). Further, catalyst-based aqueous/flexible ZABs present superior performances with peak power densities of 156 and 85 mW cm-2, superior to Pt/C-based counterparts (128 and 73 mW cm-2). This research provides a pivotal foundation for the evolution of bifunctional catalysts in the energy sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuyang Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Junlin Gong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qiuxia Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Fengli Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Baofa Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Tayirjan Taylor Isimjan
- Saudi Arabia Basic Industries Corporation (SABIC), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiulin Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, 541004, China
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Aljabour A, Awada H, Song L, Sun H, Offenthaler S, Yari F, Bechmann M, Scharber MC, Schöfberger W. A Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for OER and ORR based on a Cobalt(II) Triazole Pyridine Bis-[Cobalt(III) Corrole] Complex. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 135:e202302208. [PMID: 38516328 PMCID: PMC10952570 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202302208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
As alternative energy sources are essential to reach a climate-neutral economy, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as futuristic energy carrier gains enormous awareness. However, seeking for stable and electrochemically selective H2O2 ORR electrocatalyst is yet a challenge, making the design of-ideally-bifunctional catalysts extremely important and outmost of interest. In this study, we explore the application of a trimetallic cobalt(II) triazole pyridine bis-[cobalt(III) corrole] complex CoIITP[CoIIIC]2 3 in OER and ORR catalysis due to its remarkable physicochemical properties, fast charge transfer kinetics, electrochemical reversibility, and durability. With nearly 100 % selective catalytic activity towards the two-electron transfer generated H2O2, an ORR onset potential of 0.8 V vs RHE and a cycling stability of 50 000 cycles are detected. Similarly, promising results are obtained when applied in OER catalysis. A relatively low overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 of 412 mV, Faraday efficiency 98 % for oxygen, an outstanding Tafel slope of 64 mV dec-1 combined with superior stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalaziz Aljabour
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Houssein Awada
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Luyang Song
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - He Sun
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Simon Offenthaler
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
- Institute of Applied ChemistryDepartment of Science and TechnologyIMC University of Applied Sciences Krems WienPiaristengasse 13500KremsAustria
| | - Farzaneh Yari
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Matthias Bechmann
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Markus Clark Scharber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Linz Institute of Organic Solar CellsJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Wolfgang Schöfberger
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
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Aljabour A, Awada H, Song L, Sun H, Offenthaler S, Yari F, Bechmann M, Scharber MC, Schöfberger W. A Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for OER and ORR based on a Cobalt(II) Triazole Pyridine Bis-[Cobalt(III) Corrole] Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302208. [PMID: 36821699 PMCID: PMC10947295 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
As alternative energy sources are essential to reach a climate-neutral economy, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) as futuristic energy carrier gains enormous awareness. However, seeking for stable and electrochemically selective H2 O2 ORR electrocatalyst is yet a challenge, making the design of-ideally-bifunctional catalysts extremely important and outmost of interest. In this study, we explore the application of a trimetallic cobalt(II) triazole pyridine bis-[cobalt(III) corrole] complex CoII TP[CoIII C]2 3 in OER and ORR catalysis due to its remarkable physicochemical properties, fast charge transfer kinetics, electrochemical reversibility, and durability. With nearly 100 % selective catalytic activity towards the two-electron transfer generated H2 O2 , an ORR onset potential of 0.8 V vs RHE and a cycling stability of 50 000 cycles are detected. Similarly, promising results are obtained when applied in OER catalysis. A relatively low overpotential at 10 mA cm-2 of 412 mV, Faraday efficiency 98 % for oxygen, an outstanding Tafel slope of 64 mV dec-1 combined with superior stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalaziz Aljabour
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Houssein Awada
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Luyang Song
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - He Sun
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Simon Offenthaler
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
- Institute of Applied ChemistryDepartment of Science and TechnologyIMC University of Applied Sciences Krems WienPiaristengasse 13500KremsAustria
| | - Farzaneh Yari
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Matthias Bechmann
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Markus Clark Scharber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Linz Institute of Organic Solar CellsJohannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
| | - Wolfgang Schöfberger
- Institute of Organic ChemistryLaboratory for Sustainable Chemistry and Catalysis (LSusCat)Johannes Kepler University (JKU)Altenberger Straße 694040LinzAustria
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Deng X, Gu X, Deng Y, Jiang Z, Chen W, Dang D, Lin W, Chi B. Boosting the activity and stability via synergistic catalysis of Co nanoparticles and MoC to construct a bifunctional electrocatalyst for high-performance and long-life rechargeable zinc-air batteries. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13192-13203. [PMID: 36047468 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr03918d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The high overpotential of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) leading to slow air cathode kinetics is still a major challenge for zinc-air batteries (ZABs), hindering the commercialization of ZABs. With the advantages of cost-effectiveness and feasibility of synthesis at room temperature, zeolite imidazole frameworks (ZIFs) are regarded as advanced precursors. But a majority of ZIF-derived catalysts show only one catalytic activity, which limits their performance in ZABs as well as the cycling stability. In addition, molybdenum carbide (MoC) is recognized as an excellent candidate for renewable energy conversion due to its good chemical resistance and thermal stability. Herein, we report a ZIF-67-derived Co/MoC-NC multiphase doped carbon bifunctional ORR/OER catalyst with multiple active sites for the cathode of ZABs. The synergistic catalysis of Co nanoparticles and MoC nanoparticles in Co/MoC-NC which are embedded in a thin layer of N-doped graphitic carbon and immobilized on N-doped graphitic carbon, respectively, demonstrates superior ORR catalytic performance and durability both under alkaline and acidic conditions (E1/2 = 0.87 V in 1.0 M KOH and E1/2 = 0.76 V in 0.5 M H2SO4). Simultaneously, Co/MoC-NC also exhibits favorable OER performance (10 mA cm-2, η = 320 mV) in 1 M KOH. Furthermore, a remarkable peak-power density of 215.36 mW cm-2 and great cycling stability could be achieved while applying Co/MoC-NC in the cathode of ZABs (over 300 h). This work will provide a viable design concept for designing and synthesizing multifunctional catalysts to construct rechargeable ZABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Xianrui Gu
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Sinopec, No. 18, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingjie Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Zhu Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Wenxuan Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Dai Dang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Lin
- Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Sinopec, No. 18, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bin Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China.
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Semi-solid lithium/oxygen flow battery: an emerging, high-energy technology. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2022.100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chen S, Wang S, Dong Y, Du H, Zhao J, Zhang P. Anchoring NiO Nanosheet on the Surface of CNT to Enhance the Performance of a Li-O2 Battery. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12142386. [PMID: 35889610 PMCID: PMC9320305 DOI: 10.3390/nano12142386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Li2O2, as the cathodic discharge product of aprotic Li-O2 batteries, is difficult to electrochemically decompose. Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) have been proven to play a critical role in promoting the formation and decomposition of Li2O2. Herein, a NiO/CNT catalyst was prepared by anchoring a NiO nanosheet on the surface of CNT. When using the NiO/CNT as a cathode catalyst, the Li-O2 battery had a lower overpotential of 1.2 V and could operate 81 cycles with a limited specific capacity of 1000 mA h g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1. In comparison, with CNT as a cathodic catalyst, the battery could achieve an overpotential of 1.64 V and a cycling stability of 66 cycles. The introduction of NiO effectively accelerated the generation and decomposition rate of Li2O2, further improving the battery performance. SEM and XRD characterizations confirmed that a Li2O2 film formed during the discharge process and could be fully electrochemical decomposed in the charge process. The internal network and nanoporous structure of the NiO/CNT catalyst could provide more oxygen diffusion channels and accelerate the decomposition rate of Li2O2. These merits led to the Li-O2 battery’s better performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (S.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Shukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China; (S.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Yunyun Dong
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (Y.D.); (H.D.)
| | - Hongmei Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (Y.D.); (H.D.)
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (Y.D.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (P.Z.)
| | - Pengfang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China; (Y.D.); (H.D.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (P.Z.)
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Wang N, Fu J, Cao X, Tang L, Meng X, Han Z, Sun L, Qi S, Xiong D. Hydrophobic RuO2/Graphene/N-doped Porous Carbon Hybrid Catalyst for Li-Air Batteries Operating in Ambient Air. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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