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Wang W, Bian J, Chen K, Li C, Long Y, Huang H, Jiang L, Zhao J, Liu S, Chi Z, Xu J, Zhang Y. Achieving Record External Quantum Efficiency of 11.5 % in Solution-Processable Deep-Blue Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Utilizing Hot Exciton Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318782. [PMID: 38354089 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
High performance solution-processable deep-blue emitters with a Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate of CIEy≤0.08 are highly desired in ultrahigh-definition display. Although, deep-blue materials with hybridized local and charge-transfer (HLCT) excited-state feature are promising candidates, their rigidity and planar molecular structures limit their application in solution-processing technique. Herein, four novel deep-blue solution-processable HLCT emitters were first proposed by attaching rigid imide aliphatic rings as functional units onto the HLCT emitting core. The functional units not only improve solubility, enhance thermal properties and morphological stability of the emitting core, but also promote photoluminescence efficiency, balance charge carrier transport, and inhibit aggregation-caused quenching effect due to the weak electron-withdrawing property as well as steric hindrance. The corresponding solution-processable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) substantiate an unprecedented maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 11.5 % with an emission peak at 456 nm and excellent colour purity (full width at half maximum=56 nm and CIEy=0.09). These efficiencies represent the state-of-the-art device performance among the solution-processable blue OLEDs based on the "hot exciton" mechanism. This simple strategy opens up a new avenue for designing highly efficient solution-processable deep-blue organic luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wang
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jinkun Bian
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Kaijin Chen
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Chuying Li
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Long
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Huang
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Long Jiang
- Instrumental Analysis & Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- PCFM Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Siwei Liu
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jiarui Xu
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- PCFM Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering, GD HPPC Lab, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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Hao XY, Wang H, Zhang X, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang XH. Introducing Internal Host Component to Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter for Efficient NIR Nondoped Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:28949-28957. [PMID: 38768497 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Developing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) near-infrared (NIR) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on nondoped emitting layers is intriguing yet challenging, limited by low exciton utilization and notorious concentration quenching. Herein, a facile strategy is proposed to address this issue by incorporating an internal host component onto a traditional donor (D)-acceptor (A)-type red TADF molecule. A proof-of-concept emitter with an internal host is accordingly developed as well as a control one without an internal host. In the case of their monomer states, both emitters exhibit similar emission spectra due to their identical D-A pairs. However, under nondoped conditions, significant improvement in exciton utilization and quenching-resistant features are observed for the molecule with the internal host. The corresponding nondoped OLED yielded a maximum external quantum efficiency of 2.4%, with NIR emission peaking at 765 nm, which was a nearly 10-fold improvement relative to the efficiency based on the control molecule without an internal host. To the best of our knowledge, this result is on par with those of state-of-the art nondoped NIR TADF OLEDs in a similar emission region. These results offer a feasible pathway for the design and development of high-efficiency NIR nondoped OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yao Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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Fan X, Hao X, Huang F, Yu J, Wang K, Zhang X. RGB Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes toward Realizing the BT.2020 Standard. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303504. [PMID: 37587784 PMCID: PMC10558656 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
With the surging demand for ultra-high-resolution displays, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announce the next-generation color gamut standard, named ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020, which not only sets a seductive but challenging milestone for display technologies but also urges researchers to recognize the importance of color coordinates. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are an important display technology in current daily life, but they face challenges in approaching the BT.2020 standard. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have bright prospects in OLEDs because they possess 100% theoretical exciton utilization. Thus, the development of TADF emitters emitting primary red (R), green (R), and blue (B) emission is of great significance. Here, a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in TADF emitters that exhibit Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage (CIE) coordinates surpassing the National Television System Committee (NTSC) and approaching BT.2020 standards is presented. Rational strategies for molecular designs, as well as the resulting photophysical properties and OLED performances, are discussed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for shifting the CIE coordinates of both donor-acceptor and multiple resonance (MR) typed TADF emitters toward the BT.2020 standard. Finally, the challenges in realization of the wide-color-gamut BT.2020 standard and the prospects for this research area are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyao Hao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Feng Huang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carbon‐Based Functional Materials and DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu215123P. R. China
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Liu Y, Yang J, Mao Z, Wang Y, Zhao J, Su SJ, Chi Z. Isomeric thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for highly efficient organic light-emitting diodes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:1551-1556. [PMID: 36794188 PMCID: PMC9906651 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06335b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The isomeric strategy is an important design concept in molecular design that has a non-negligible influence on molecular properties. Herein, two isomeric thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters (NTPZ and TNPZ) are constructed with the same skeleton consisting of an electron donor and electron acceptor but different connection sites. Systematic investigations show that NTPZ exhibits a small energy gap, large up-conversion efficiency, low non-radiative decay, and high photoluminescence quantum yield. Further theoretical simulations reveal that the excited molecular vibrations play a key role in regulating the non-radiative decays of the isomers. Therefore, an NTPZ based OLED achieves better electroluminescence performances, such as a higher external quantum efficiency of 27.5% compared to a TNPZ based OLED (18.3%). This isomeric strategy not only provides an opportunity to deeply understand the relationship between substituent locations and molecular properties, but also affords a simple and effective strategy to enrich TADF materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Liu
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jiaji Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Zhu Mao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Juan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Shi-Jian Su
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Zhenguo Chi
- PCFM Lab, GDHPPC Lab, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for High-performance Organic and Polymer Photoelectric Functional Films, State Key Laboratory of OEMT, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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Xiong W, Zhang C, Fang Y, Peng M, Sun W. Progresses and Perspectives of Near-Infrared Emission Materials with "Heavy Metal-Free" Organic Compounds for Electroluminescence. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 15:98. [PMID: 36616447 PMCID: PMC9823557 DOI: 10.3390/polym15010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic/polymer light-emitting diodes (OLEDs/PLEDs) have attracted a rising number of investigations due to their promising applications for high-resolution fullcolor displays and energy-saving solid-state lightings. Near-infrared (NIR) emitting dyes have gained increasing attention for their potential applications in electroluminescence and optical imaging in optical tele-communication platforms, sensing and medical diagnosis in recent decades. And a growing number of people focus on the "heavy metal-free" NIR electroluminescent materials to gain more design freedom with cost advantage. This review presents recent progresses in conjugated polymers and organic molecules for OLEDs/PLEDs according to their different luminous mechanism and constructing systems. The relationships between the organic fluorophores structures and electroluminescence properties are the main focus of this review. Finally, the approaches to enhance the performance of NIR OLEDs/PLEDs are described briefly. We hope that this review could provide a new perspective for NIR materials and inspire breakthroughs in fundamental research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
- Xi’an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Material Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory for Non-Equilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Chemistry, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Mingsheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Photoelectrochemistry of Haikou, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
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