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Zheng J, Solomon MB, Rawal A, Chi Y, Yu R, Liu L, Tang J, Mao G, D'Alessandro DM, Kumar PV, Rahim MA, Kalantar-Zadeh K. Passivation-Free, Liquid-Metal-Based Electrosynthesis of Aluminum Metal-Organic Frameworks Mediated by Light Metal Activation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25532-25541. [PMID: 38054450 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The production of aluminum (Al) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by electrosynthesis using solid-state Al electrodes always faces significant challenges due to the formation of a passivating aluminum oxide layer in the process. Here, we developed a liquid-metal-based method to electrosynthesize an aluminum Al-MOF (MIL-53). This method uses a liquid-state gallium (Ga) anode as a reservoir and activator for a light metal, Al, in the form of Al-Ga alloys that releases Al3+ for the electrosynthesis of Al-MOFs. Introducing Ga into the system inhibits the formation of aluminum oxide passivation layer and promotes the electrochemical reaction for Al-MOF synthesis. The electrosynthesis using liquid Al-Ga alloy is conducted at ambient temperatures for long durations without requiring pretreatment for aluminum oxide removal. We show that the Al-MOF products synthesized from 0.40 wt % Al in liquid Ga lead to the highest crystallinity and possess a specific surface area greater than 800 m2 g-1 and a low capacity for CO2 adsorption that can be used as a potential matrix for CO2/N2 separation. This work provides evidence that employing liquid-metal electrodes offers a viable pathway to circumvent surface passivation effects that inevitably occur when using conventional solid metals. It also introduces an efficient electrosynthesis method based on liquid metals for producing atomically porous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiewei Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Marcello B Solomon
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aditya Rawal
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yuan Chi
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Ruohan Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Li Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Jianbo Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Guangzhao Mao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Deanna M D'Alessandro
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Priyank V Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Md Arifur Rahim
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Kourosh Kalantar-Zadeh
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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