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Zong C, Kong L, Li C, Xv H, Lv M, Chen X, Li C. Light-harvesting iridium (III) complex-sensitized NiO photocathode for photoelectrochemical bioanalysis. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:223. [PMID: 38556564 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06321-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
A novel iridium (III) complex bearing boron dipyrromethene (Bodipy) as the light-harvesting antenna has been synthesized and is firstly employed as photosensitizer to assemble a dye-sensitized NiO photocathode. The assembled photocathode exhibits significantly improved photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance. Integrating the prepared photocathode with hybridization chain reaction (HCR)--based signal amplification strategy, a cathodic PEC biosensor is proposed for the detection of microRNA-133a (miRNA-133a). In the presence of the target, HCR is triggered to form long duplex concatamers on the photocathode, which allows numerous manganese porphyrins (MnPP) to bind in the dsDNA groove. With the help of H2O2, MnPP with peroxidase-like activity catalyzes 4--chloro-1-naphthol (4-CN) to produce benzo--4--chlorohexadienone (4-CD) precipitate on the electrode, leading to a significant decrease of photocurrent signal. The decreased photocurrent correlates linearly with the target concentration from 0.1 fM to 1 nM with a detection limit of 66.2 aM (S/N = 3). The proposed PEC strategy exhibits delightful selectivity, reproducibility and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxue Zong
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghui Kong
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Xv
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengwei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science in Universities of Shandong, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu K, Einhaus LM, Mul G, Huijser A. Photophysical Study on the Effect of the External Potential on NiO-Based Photocathodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:5217-5224. [PMID: 38235571 PMCID: PMC10835655 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate the effects of the applied external potential on a dye-sensitized NiO photocathode by time-resolved photoluminescence and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy under operating conditions. Instead of the anticipated acceleration of photoinduced hole injection from dye into NiO at a more negative applied potential, we observe that both hole injection and charge recombination are slowed down. We cautiously assign this effect to a variation in OH- ion concentration in the inner Helmholtz plane of the electrochemical double layer with applied potential, warranting further investigation for the realization of efficient solar fuel devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne M. Einhaus
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis
Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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3
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Ye C, Cheng H, Wrede S, Diring S, Tian H, Odobel F, Hammarström L. Charge Recombination Deceleration by Lateral Transfer of Electrons in Dye-Sensitized NiO Photocathode. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11067-11073. [PMID: 37191461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Control of charge separation and recombination is critical for dye-sensitized solar cells and photoelectrochemical cells, and for p-type cells, the latter process limits their photovoltaic performance. We speculated that the lateral electron hopping between dyes on a p-type semiconductor surface can effectively separate electrons and holes in space and retard recombination. Thus, device designs where lateral electron hopping is promoted can lead to enhanced cell performance. Herein, we present an indirect proof by involving a second dye to monitor the effect of electron hopping after hole injection into the semiconductor. In mesoporous NiO films sensitized with peryleneimide (PMI) or naphthalene diimide (NDI) dyes, dye excitation led to ultrafast hole injection into NiO from either excited PMI* (τ < 200 fs) or NDI* (τ = 1.2 ps). In cosensitized films, surface electron transfer from PMI- to NDI was rapid (τ = 24 ps). Interestingly, the subsequent charge recombination (ps-μs) with NiO holes was much slower when NDI- was generated by electron transfer from PMI- than when NDI was excited directly. We therefore indicate that the charge recombination is slowed down after the charge hopping from the original PMI sites to the NDI sites. The experimental results supported our hypothesis and revealed important information on the charge carrier kinetics for the dye-sensitized NiO photoelectrode system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ye
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Haoliang Cheng
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Sina Wrede
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Stéphane Diring
- CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
| | - Fabrice Odobel
- CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE75120, Sweden
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Lalaoui N, Abdellah M, Materna KL, Xu B, Tian H, Thapper A, Sa J, Hammarström L, Ott S. Gold nanoparticle-based supramolecular approach for dye-sensitized H 2-evolving photocathodes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15716-15724. [PMID: 36177940 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar conversion of water into the storable energy carrier H2 can be achieved through photoelectrochemical water splitting using light adsorbing anodes and cathodes bearing O2 and H2 evolving catalysts, respectively. Herein a novel photocathode nanohybrid system is reported. This photocathode consists of a dye-sensitized p-type nickel oxide (NiO) with a perylene-based chromophore (PCA) and a tetra-adamantane modified cobaloxime reduction catalyst (Co) that photo-reduces aqueous protons to H2. An original supramolecular approach was employed, using β-cyclodextrin functionalized gold nanoparticles (β-CD-AuNPs) to link the alkane chain of the PCA dye to the adamantane moieties of the cobaloxime catalyst (Co). This new architecture was investigated by photoelectrochemical measurements and via femtosecond-transient absorption spectroscopy. The results show that irradiation of the complete NiO|PCA|β-CD-AuNPs|Co electrode leads to ultrafast hole injection into NiO (π = 3 ps) from the excited dye, followed by rapid reduction of the catalyst, and finally H2 evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Lalaoui
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, UMR CNRS 5250, Département de Chimie Moléculaire, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science, South Valley University, 83523 Qena, Egypt
| | - Kelly L Materna
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Haining Tian
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Anders Thapper
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jacinto Sa
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leif Hammarström
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Sascha Ott
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, SE75120 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells containing photocathodes based on functionalized NiO show a promising solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency. Here, we present mechanistic understanding of the photoinduced charge transfer processes occurring at the photocathode/electrolyte interface. We demonstrate via advanced photophysical characterization that surface hydroxyl groups formed at the NiO/water interface not only promote photoinduced hole transfer from the dye into NiO, but also enhance the rate of charge recombination. Both processes are significantly slower when the photocathode is exposed to dry acetonitrile, while in air an intermediate behavior is observed. These data suggest that highly efficient devices can be developed by balancing the quantity of surface hydroxyl groups of NiO, and presumably of other p-type metal oxide semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Sean Kotaro Frehan
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, AE Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
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Seddon AA, Karlsson JKG, Gibson EA, O’Reilly L, Kaufmann M, Vos JG, Pryce MT. Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Using Dye-Sensitised Nickel Oxide : Environmental effects and photocatalyst design considerations. Johnson Matthey Technology Review 2022. [DOI: 10.1595/205651322x16269403109779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrocatalysis offers a way to generate hydrogen and oxygen from water under ambient light. Here, a series of hydrogen evolving photocatalysts based on a ruthenium(II) bipyridyl sensitiser covalently linked to platinum or palladium catalytic centres were adsorbed onto mesoporous
nickel oxide and tested for hydrogen evolution in a photoelectrochemical half-cell. The electrolyte buffer was varied and certain catalysts performed better at pH 7 than pH 3 (for example, PC3 with photocurrent density = 8 μA cm‐2), which is encouraging for coupling with
an oxygen evolving photoanode in tandem water splitting devices. The molecular catalysts were surprisingly robust when integrated into devices, but the overall performance appears to be limited by rapid recombination at the photocatalyst|NiO interface. Our findings provide further insight
towards basic design principles for hydrogen evolving photoelectrochemical systems and guidelines for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail A. Seddon
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Joshua K. G. Karlsson
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University NE1 7RU UK
| | - Laura O’Reilly
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Martin Kaufmann
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Johannes G. Vos
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
| | - Mary T. Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland
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Garcia JM, Sayres S. Orbital-Dependent Photodynamics of Strongly Correlated Nickel Oxide Clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5590-5597. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00209d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast electronic relaxation dynamics of neutral nickel oxide clusters were investigated with femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy and supported with theoretical calculations to reveal that their excited state lifetimes are strongly...
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Müller C, Friedländer I, Bagemihl B, Rau S, Dietzek-Ivanšić B. The electron that breaks the catalyst's back - excited state dynamics in intermediates of molecular photocatalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:27397-27403. [PMID: 34859807 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04498b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ spectroelectrochemical studies focussing on the Franck-Condon region and sub-ns electron transfer processes in Ru(II)-tpphz-Pt(II) based photocatalysts reveal that single-electron reduction effectively hinders intramolecular electron transfer between the photoexcited Ru chromophore and the Pt center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Müller
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilse Friedländer
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Benedikt Bagemihl
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany. .,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Research Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.,Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
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Muñoz-García AB, Benesperi I, Boschloo G, Concepcion JJ, Delcamp JH, Gibson EA, Meyer GJ, Pavone M, Pettersson H, Hagfeldt A, Freitag M. Dye-sensitized solar cells strike back. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:12450-12550. [PMID: 34590638 PMCID: PMC8591630 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are celebrating their 30th birthday and they are attracting a wealth of research efforts aimed at unleashing their full potential. In recent years, DSCs and dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) have experienced a renaissance as the best technology for several niche applications that take advantage of DSCs' unique combination of properties: at low cost, they are composed of non-toxic materials, are colorful, transparent, and very efficient in low light conditions. This review summarizes the advancements in the field over the last decade, encompassing all aspects of the DSC technology: theoretical studies, characterization techniques, materials, applications as solar cells and as drivers for the synthesis of solar fuels, and commercialization efforts from various companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belén Muñoz-García
- Department of Physics "Ettore Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Iacopo Benesperi
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerrit Boschloo
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Javier J Concepcion
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Jared H Delcamp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Gerald J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Michele Pavone
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden.
- University Management and Management Council, Vice Chancellor, Uppsala University, Segerstedthuset, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marina Freitag
- School of Natural and Environmental Science, Newcastle University, Bedson Building, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Giannoudis E, Bold S, Müller C, Schwab A, Bruhnke J, Queyriaux N, Gablin C, Leonard D, Saint-Pierre C, Gasparutto D, Aldakov D, Kupfer S, Artero V, Dietzek B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Hydrogen Production at a NiO Photocathode Based on a Ruthenium Dye-Cobalt Diimine Dioxime Catalyst Assembly: Insights from Advanced Spectroscopy and Post-operando Characterization. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:49802-49815. [PMID: 34637266 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The production of hydrogen by efficient, low-cost, and integrated photoelectrochemical water splitting processes represents an important target for the ecological transition. This challenge can be addressed thanks to bioinspired chemistry and artificial photosynthesis approaches by designing dye-sensitized photocathodes for hydrogen production, incorporating bioinspired first-row transition metal-based catalysts. The present work describes the preparation and photoelectrochemical characterization of a NiO photocathode sensitized with a phosphonate-derivatized ruthenium tris-diimine photosensitizer covalently linked to a cobalt diimine dioxime hydrogen-evolving catalyst. Under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation, hydrogen is produced with photocurrent densities reaching 84 ± 7 μA·cm-2, which is among the highest values reported so far for dye-sensitized photocathodes with surface-immobilized catalysts. Thanks to the unique combination of advanced spectroscopy and surface characterization techniques, the fast desorption of the dyad from the NiO electrode and the low yield of electron transfer to the catalyst, resulting in the Co demetallation from the diimine dioxime framework, were identified as the main barriers limiting the performances and the stability of the system. This work therefore paves the way for a more rational design of molecular photocathodes for solar fuel production and represents a further step toward the development of sustainable processes for the production of hydrogen from sunlight and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Giannoudis
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sebastian Bold
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Schwab
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jakob Bruhnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nicolas Queyriaux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Didier Leonard
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Didier Gasparutto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dmitry Aldakov
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA IRIG, SyMMES, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Vincent Artero
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Zhu K, Frehan SK, Jaros AM, O’Neill DB, Korterik JP, Wenderich K, Mul G, Huijser A. Unraveling the Mechanisms of Beneficial Cu-Doping of NiO-Based Photocathodes. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2021; 125:16049-16058. [PMID: 34484551 PMCID: PMC8411848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c03553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical (DSPEC) water splitting is an attractive approach to convert and store solar energy into chemical bonds. However, the solar conversion efficiency of a DSPEC cell is typically low due to a poor performance of the photocathode. Here, we demonstrate that Cu-doping improves the performance of a functionalized NiO-based photocathode significantly. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments show longer-lived photoinduced charge separation for the Cu:NiO-based photocathode relative to the undoped analogue. We present a photophysical model that distinguishes between surface and bulk charge recombination, with the first process (∼10 ps) occurring more than 1 order of magnitude faster than the latter. The longer-lived photoinduced charge separation in the Cu:NiO-based photocathode likely originates from less dominant surface recombination and an increased probability for holes to escape into the bulk and to be transported to the electrical contact of the photocathode. Cu-doping of NiO shows promise to suppress detrimental surface charge recombination and to realize more efficient photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijian Zhu
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sean K. Frehan
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Anna M. Jaros
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Devin B. O’Neill
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen P. Korterik
- Optical
Sciences Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Wenderich
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Mul
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- PhotoCatalytic
Synthesis Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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Wahyuono RA, Braumüller M, Bold S, Amthor S, Nauroozi D, Plentz J, Wächtler M, Rau S, Dietzek B. Localizing the initial excitation - A case study on NiO photocathodes using Ruthenium dipyridophenazine complexes as sensitizers. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 252:119507. [PMID: 33578124 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report on the localization of the initially excited electronic state within the molecular framework of a series of [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ derivatives (bpy:2,2'-bipyridine, dppz: dipyrido-phenazine) as sensitizers in NiO based photocathodes. The introduction of conjugated linkers with phenylene and triazole moieties in the bpy ligand sphere separates the NiO surface from the metal center and hence is considered to stabilize the charge separated state, which results from light-driven hole injection. However, introduction of the conjugated linkers also alters the localization of the excess electron density in the excited state within the ligand sphere and impacts the extent to which the charge-separated state is formed. The study emphasizes that tuning the ligand with the lowest-energy π* orbital distal or proximal to the NiO surface significantly affects the initial charge-separation and the solar cell performance. The stability of the charge-separated state correlates with the observed photocurrents in dye-sensitized solar cells. Furthermore, the study challenges the widely accepted concept that the introduction of extended anchoring groups, i.e. increasing Ru - NiO distance, stabilizes the charge-separated state and suppresses charge recombination at the metal-oxide molecule interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruri Agung Wahyuono
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Department of Engineering Physics, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Jl. Arif Rahman Hakim, Sukolilo, 60111 Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Markus Braumüller
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bold
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sebastian Amthor
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Djawed Nauroozi
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonathan Plentz
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Maria Wächtler
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e.V., Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC-Jena), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Reilly CE, Dillon RJ, Nayak A, Brogan S, Moot T, Brennaman MK, Lopez R, Meyer TJ, Alibabaei L. Dye-Sensitized Nonstoichiometric Strontium Titanate Core-Shell Photocathodes for Photoelectrosynthesis Applications. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:15261-15269. [PMID: 33745279 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A core-shell approach that utilizes a high-surface-area conducting core and an outer semiconductor shell is exploited here to prepare p-type dye-sensitized solar energy cells that operate with a minimal applied bias. Photocathodes were prepared by coating thin films of nanocrystalline indium tin oxide with a 0.8 nm Al2O3 seeding layer, followed by the chemical growth of nonstoichiometric strontium titanate. Films were annealed and sensitized with either a porphyrin chromophore or a chromophore-catalyst molecular assembly consisting of the porphyrin covalently tethered to the ruthenium complex. The sensitized photoelectrodes produced cathodic photocurrents of up to -315 μA/cm2 under simulated sunlight (AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2) in aqueous media, pH 5. The photocurrent was increased by the addition of regenerative hole donors to the system, consistent with slow interfacial recombination kinetics, an important property of p-type dye-sensitized electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robert J Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Animesh Nayak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Shane Brogan
- Department of Applied Physical Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Taylor Moot
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Matthew K Brennaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Rene Lopez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas J Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Leila Alibabaei
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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Bold S, Massin J, Giannoudis E, Koepf M, Artero V, Dietzek B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M. Spectroscopic Investigations Provide a Rationale for the Hydrogen-Evolving Activity of Dye-Sensitized Photocathodes Based on a Cobalt Tetraazamacrocyclic Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bold
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Julien Massin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanouil Giannoudis
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Koepf
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department Functional Interfaces, Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ.́ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Wahyuono RA, Seidler B, Bold S, Dellith A, Dellith J, Ahner J, Wintergerst P, Lowe G, Hager MD, Wächtler M, Streb C, Schubert US, Rau S, Dietzek B. Photocathodes beyond NiO: charge transfer dynamics in a π-conjugated polymer functionalized with Ru photosensitizers. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2787. [PMID: 33531588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A conductive polymer (poly(p-phenylenevinylene), PPV) was covalently modified with RuII complexes to develop an all-polymer photocathode as a conceptual alternative to dye-sensitized NiO, which is the current state-of-the-art photocathode in solar fuels research. Photocathodes require efficient light-induced charge-transfer processes and we investigated these processes within our photocathodes using spectroscopic and spectro-electrochemical techniques. Ultrafast hole-injection dynamics in the polymer were investigated by transient absorption spectroscopy and charge transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface was examined with chopped-light chronoamperometry. Light-induced hole injection from the photosensitizers into the PPV backbone was observed within 10 ps and the resulting charge-separated state (CSS) recombined within ~ 5 ns. This is comparable to CSS lifetimes of conventional NiO-photocathodes. Chopped-light chronoamperometry indicates enhanced charge-transfer at the electrode-electrolyte interface upon sensitization of the PPV with the RuII complexes and p-type behavior of the photocathode. The results presented here show that the polymer backbone behaves like classical molecularly sensitized NiO photocathodes and operates as a hole accepting semiconductor. This in turn demonstrates the feasibility of all-polymer photocathodes for application in solar energy conversion.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Yun Hang Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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Yoshimura N, Kobayashi A, Yoshida M, Kato M. A Systematic Study on the Double-Layered Photosensitizing Dye Structure on the Surface of Pt-Cocatalyst-Loaded TiO2 Nanoparticles. BCSJ 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masaki Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masako Kato
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10 West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
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Sun J, Yu Y, Curtze AE, Liang X, Wu Y. Dye-sensitized photocathodes for oxygen reduction: efficient H 2O 2 production and aprotic redox reactions. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5519-5527. [PMID: 31293736 PMCID: PMC6544122 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc01626k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cells (DSPECs) can be used to store solar energy in the form of chemical bonds. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a versatile energy carrier and can be produced by reduction of O2 on a dye-sensitized photocathode, in which the design of dye molecules is crucial for the conversion efficiency and electrode stability. Herein, using a hydrophobic donor-double-acceptor dye (denoted as BH4) sensitized NiO photocathode, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) can be produced efficiently by reducing O2 with current density up to 600 μA cm-2 under 1 sun conditions (Xe lamp as sunlight simulator, λ > 400 nm). The DSPECs maintain currents greater than 200 μA cm-2 at low overpotential (0.42 V vs. RHE) for 18 h with no decrease in the rate of H2O2 production in aqueous electrolyte. Moreover, the BH4 sensitized NiO photocathode was for the first time applied in an aprotic electrolyte for oxygen reduction. In the absence of a proton source, the one-electron reduction of O2 generates stable, nucleophilic superoxide radicals that can then be synthetically utilized in the attack of an available electrophile, such as benzoyl chloride. The corresponding photocurrent generated by this photoelectrosynthesis is up to 1.8 mA cm-2. Transient absorption spectroscopy also proves that there is an effective electron transfer from reduced BH4 to O2 with a rate constant of 1.8 × 106 s-1. This work exhibits superior photocurrent in both aqueous and non-aqueous systems and reveals the oxygen/superoxide redox mediator mechanism in the aprotic chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaonan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Yongze Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Allison E Curtze
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Xichen Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
| | - Yiying Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , USA . ; ; Tel: +1-614-247-7810
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Põldme N, O'Reilly L, Fletcher I, Portoles J, Sazanovich IV, Towrie M, Long C, Vos JG, Pryce MT, Gibson EA. Photoelectrocatalytic H 2 evolution from integrated photocatalysts adsorbed on NiO. Chem Sci 2019; 10:99-112. [PMID: 30713622 PMCID: PMC6333170 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02575d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A new approach to increasing the faradaic efficiency of dye-sensitised photocathodes for H2 evolution from water, using integrated photocatalysts, furnished with ester groups on the peripheral ligands, [Ru(decb)2(bpt)PdCl(H2O)](PF6)2 (1) and [Ru(decb)2(2,5-bpp)PtI(CH3CN)](PF6)2 (2), (decb = 4,4'-diethylcarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine, bpp = 2,2':5',2''-terpyridine, bpt = 3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazole) is described. Overall, 1|NiO is superior to previously reported photocathodes, producing photocurrent densities of 30-35 μA cm-2 at an applied bias of -0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl over 1 hour of continuous white light irradiation, resulting in the generation of 0.41 μmol h-1 cm-2 of H2 with faradaic efficiencies of up to 90%. Furthermore, surface analysis of the photocathodes before and after photoelectrocatalysis revealed that the ruthenium bipyridyl chromophore and Pd catalytic centre (1) were photochemically stable, highlighting the benefits of the approach towards robust, hybrid solar-to-fuel devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Põldme
- School of Natural and Environmental Science , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , NE1 7RU , UK .
| | - Laura O'Reilly
- School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland .
| | - Ian Fletcher
- NEXUS XPS Laboratory , Newcastle University , Stephenson Building , Newcastle upon Tyne , NE1 7RU , UK .
| | - Jose Portoles
- NEXUS XPS Laboratory , Newcastle University , Stephenson Building , Newcastle upon Tyne , NE1 7RU , UK .
| | - Igor V Sazanovich
- Central Laser Facility , Research Complex at Harwell , STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Harwell Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , UK .
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central Laser Facility , Research Complex at Harwell , STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Harwell Campus , Didcot , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , UK .
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland .
| | - Johannes G Vos
- School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland .
| | - Mary T Pryce
- School of Chemical Sciences , Dublin City University , Dublin 9 , Ireland .
| | - Elizabeth A Gibson
- School of Natural and Environmental Science , Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , NE1 7RU , UK .
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Wang C, Amiri M, Endean RT, Martinez Perez O, Varley S, Rennie B, Rasu L, Bergens SH. Modular Construction of Photoanodes with Covalently Bonded Ru- and Ir-Polypyridyl Visible Light Chromophores. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:24533-24542. [PMID: 29969554 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
1,10-phenanthroline is grafted to indium tin oxide (ITO) and titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2) semiconductors by electroreduction of 5-diazo-1,10-phenanthroline in 0.1 M H2SO4. The lower and upper potential limits (-0.20 and 0.15 VSCE, respectively) were set to avoid reduction and oxidation of the 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) covalently grafted at C5 to the semiconductor. The resulting semiconductor-phen ligand (ITO-phen or TiO2-phen) was air stable, and was bonded to Ru- or Ir- by reaction with cis-[Ru(bpy)2(CH3CN)2]2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) or cis-[Ir(ppy)2(CH3CN)2]+ (ppy = ortho-Cphenyl metalated 2-phenylpyridine) in CH2Cl2 and THF solvent at 50 °C. Cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, solid-state UV-vis, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry all confirmed that the chromophores SC-[(phen)Ru(bpy)2]2+ and SC-[(phen)Ir(ppy)2]+ (SC = ITO or TiO2) formed in near quantitative yields by these reactions. The resulting photoanodes were active and relatively stable to photoelectrochemical oxidation of hydroquinone and triethylamine under neutral and basic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Mona Amiri
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Riley T Endean
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Octavio Martinez Perez
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Samuel Varley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Ben Rennie
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Loorthuraja Rasu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Steven H Bergens
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2G2 , Canada
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Kaeffer N, Windle CD, Brisse R, Gablin C, Leonard D, Jousselme B, Chavarot-Kerlidou M, Artero V. Insights into the mechanism and aging of a noble-metal free H 2-evolving dye-sensitized photocathode. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6721-6738. [PMID: 30310606 PMCID: PMC6115630 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00899j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-grafting of a cobalt diimine–dioxime catalyst and push–pull organic dye on NiO yields a photocathode evolving hydrogen from aqueous solution under sunlight, with equivalent performances compared to a dyad-based architecture using similar components.
Dye-sensitized photo-electrochemical cells (DS-PECs) form an emerging technology for the large-scale storage of solar energy in the form of (solar) fuels because of the low cost and ease of processing of their constitutive photoelectrode materials. Preparing such molecular photocathodes requires a well-controlled co-immobilization of molecular dyes and catalysts onto transparent semiconducting materials. Here we used a series of surface analysis techniques to describe the molecular assembly of a push–pull organic dye and a cobalt diimine–dioxime catalyst co-grafted on a p-type NiO electrode substrate. (Photo)electrochemical measurements allowed characterization of electron transfer processes within such an assembly and to demonstrate for the first time that a CoI species is formed as the entry into the light-driven H2 evolution mechanism of a dye-sensitized photocathode. This co-grafted noble-metal free H2-evolving photocathode architecture displays similar performances to its covalent dye–catalyst counterpart based on the same catalytic moiety. Post-operando time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis of these photoelectrodes after extensive photoelectrochemical operation suggested decomposition pathways of the dye and triazole linkage used to graft the catalyst onto NiO, providing grounds for the design of optimized molecular DS-PEC components with increased robustness upon turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kaeffer
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Christopher D Windle
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Romain Brisse
- Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN) , NIMBE , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , Cedex , France
| | - Corinne Gablin
- Univ Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Didier Leonard
- Univ Lyon , CNRS , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 , ENS de Lyon , Institut des Sciences Analytiques , UMR 5280, 5, rue de la Doua , F-69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Bruno Jousselme
- Laboratory of Innovation in Surface Chemistry and Nanosciences (LICSEN) , NIMBE , CEA , CNRS , Université Paris-Saclay , CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette , Cedex , France
| | - Murielle Chavarot-Kerlidou
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
| | - Vincent Artero
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux , Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS UMR 5249, CEA , 17 rue des Martyrs , F-38054 Grenoble , Cedex , France . ; http://www.solhycat.com
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bella
- GAME Lab; Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT); Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Polyssena Renzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi “La Sapienza”; P.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Carmen Cavallo
- Department of Physics (Condensed Matter Physics); Chalmers University of Technology; Chalmersplatsen 1 41296 Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Claudio Gerbaldi
- GAME Lab; Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT); Politecnico di Torino; Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Torino Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth H. Summers
- Chemistry: School of Natural and Environmental Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Elizabeth A. Gibson
- Chemistry: School of Natural and Environmental Science; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
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Jung O, Pegis ML, Wang Z, Banerjee G, Nemes CT, Hoffeditz WL, Hupp JT, Schmuttenmaer CA, Brudvig GW, Mayer JM. Highly Active NiO Photocathodes for H2O2 Production Enabled via Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:4079-4084. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Onyu Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Michael L. Pegis
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gourab Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Coleen T. Nemes
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - William L. Hoffeditz
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Joseph T. Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | | | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - James M. Mayer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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