1
|
Wu S, Ma H, Song L, Zhong W, Gu Y, Miao Y, An Y. Ping pong chrysanthemum-like Bi-BiOI and ternary core-shell structured Pd@AuPt based dual-electric signal outputs biosensor for accurate detection of CA19 - 9. Mikrochim Acta 2025; 192:314. [PMID: 40261434 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-025-07150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/24/2025]
Abstract
Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19 - 9) can be used as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Measuring the concentration of CA19 - 9 in serum is essential for screening pancreatic cancer patients. In this paper, a dual-electric signal outputs biosensor based on ping pong chrysanthemum-like Bi-BiOI and ternary core-shell structured Pd@AuPt was constructed for ultra-sensitive detection of tumor marker CA19 - 9 using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chronoamperometry (i-t). Ping pong Chrysanthemum-like Bi-BIOI was prepared via one-pot hydrothermal method. To realize the covalent bonding of bismuth-based materials with MWCNT, bismuth-based materials were functionalized by amino groups. MWCNT-NH2-Bi-BIOI with large specific surface area and remarkable electrical conductivity was used as the sensing platform. Ternary core-shell structured Pd@AuPt with peroxide-like activity and enhanced biocompatibility immobilized massive antibodies through covalent Au-N and Pt-N bonds, thus broadening the linear range of the immunosensor. Based on the above materials, a dual-electric signal outputs biosensor was constructed for detecting CA19 - 9. Under optimal conditions, the detection range of DPV and i-t is 0.001-150 U/mL, the detection limit of DPV is 0.0003 U/mL, and that of i-t is 0.00024 U/mL. In addition, the dual-electric signal outputs immunoassay excels in anti-interference, splendid reproducibility and high recovery in actual sample detection, indicating that the immunosensor is a promising approach to be applied to the detection of CA19 - 9 in clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Wu
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Hongyun Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, PLA Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lin Song
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yingying Gu
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yuqing Miao
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Yarui An
- Institute of Bismuth and Rhenium, School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang W, Zhao C, Jia H, Liu T, Yang J, Wu P, Mu X. Biomarker detection based on nanoparticle-induced ultrasonic Rayleigh scattering. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:182. [PMID: 39632870 PMCID: PMC11618333 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasonic biochemical detection is important for biomarker detection, drug monitoring, and medical diagnosis, as it can predict disease progression and enable effective measures to be taken in a timely manner. However, the ultrasonic technology currently used for biochemical marker detection is directly modified on the surface of the device. The associated test methods are costly and unreliable while having poor repeatability; therefore, they cannot achieve low-cost rapid testing. In this study, a detection mechanism based on the Rayleigh scattering of acoustic waves caused by nanoparticles, which causes changes in the received sound pressure, was developed for the first time. The modification of antibodies on an insertable substrate decouples the functionalization step from the sensor surface and facilitates the application of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs) in conjunction with Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) for CA19-9 cancer antigen detection. A corresponding detection theory was established, and the relevant parameters of the theoretical formula were verified using different nanoparticles. Using our fabricated CMUT chip with a resonant frequency of 1 MHz, the concentrations and substances of the CA19-9 antigen markers were successfully measured. In the concentration range of 0.1-1000 U/mL, the receiving voltage decreased with increasing concentration. Further investigations revealed that the influence of other interfering markers in the human body can be ignored, demonstrating the feasibility and robustness of biochemical detection based on CMUTs combined with nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Chaoshan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haoliang Jia
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jiaqian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Pengfan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaojing Mu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems, Ministry of Education and International Research and Development Center of Micro-Nano Systems and New Materials Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang B, Hu S, Teng Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu Y, Wang K, Xu J, Cheng Y, Gao X. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:200. [PMID: 39128942 PMCID: PMC11323968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is a new multidisciplinary field that is garnering a lot of interest and investigation. Nanomedicine shows great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in cancer diagnostics to enable high sensitivity and high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches for tumor labeling and detection are also made possible by the use of nanoprobes and nanobiosensors. The achievement of targeted medication delivery in cancer therapy can be accomplished through the rational design and manufacture of nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have the capability to effectively transport medications or gene fragments to tumor tissues via passive or active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Simultaneously, nanoparticles can be employed in the context of radiation sensitization and photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignant tumors. This review presents a literature overview and summary of how nanotechnology is used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. According to oncological diseases originating from different systems of the body and combining the pathophysiological features of cancers at different sites, we review the most recent developments in nanotechnology applications. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Junli Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yezhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan H, Shahab U, Alshammari A, Alyahyawi AR, Akasha R, Alharazi T, Ahmad R, Khanam A, Habib S, Kaur K, Ahmad S, Moinuddin. Nano-therapeutics: The upcoming nanomedicine to treat cancer. IUBMB Life 2024; 76:468-484. [PMID: 38440959 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is considered a successful approach for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Preferentially, cancer cell recognition and drug targeting via nano-delivery system include the penetration of anticancer agents into the cell membrane to damage the cancer cell by protein modification, DNA oxidation, or mitochondrial dysfunction. The past research on nano-delivery systems and their target has proven the beneficial achievement in a malignant tumor. Modern perceptions using inventive nanomaterials for cancer management have been offered by a multifunctional platform based on various nano-carriers with the probability of imaging and cancer therapy simultaneously. Emerging nano-delivery systems in cancer therapy still lack knowledge of the biological functions behind the interaction between nanoparticles and cancer cells. Since the potential of engineered nanoparticles addresses the various challenges, limiting the success of cancer therapy subsequently, it is a must to review the molecular targeting of a nano-delivery system to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of cancer. This review focuses on using a nano-delivery system, an imaging system, and encapsulated nanoparticles for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamda Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Uzma Shahab
- Department of Biochemistry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ahmed Alshammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad R Alyahyawi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Rihab Akasha
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Alharazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Afreen Khanam
- Department of Biotechnology & Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Education & Research, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Kirtanjot Kaur
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Joksović S, Kundačina I, Milošević I, Stanojev J, Radonić V, Bajac B. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Modified Gold Leaf Immunosensor for Escherichia coli Detection. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22277-22284. [PMID: 38799361 PMCID: PMC11112687 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The requirement to prevent foodborne illnesses underscores the need for reliable detection tools, stimulating biosensor technology with practical solutions for in-field applications. This study introduces a low-cost immunosensor based on a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-modified gold leaf electrode (GLE) for the sensitive detection of Escherichia coli. The immunosensor is realized with a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique, creating an electrostatic bond between positively charged polyethylenimine (PEI) and negatively charged carboxyl-functionalized SWCNTs on the GLE. The structural and functional characterization of the PEI-SWCNT film was performed with Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and electrical measurements. The PEI-SWCNT film was used as a substrate for antibody immobilization, and the electrochemical sensing potential was validated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results showed a wide dynamic range of E. coli detection, 101-108 cfu/mL, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.6 cfu/mL in buffer and 15 cfu/mL in the aqueous solution used for cleansing fresh lettuce leaves, affirming its efficiency as a practical and affordable tool in enhancing food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Joksović
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Kundačina
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Milošević
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jovana Stanojev
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vasa Radonić
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Branimir Bajac
- University of Novi Sad,
BioSense Institute, Dr Zorana Đinđića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hwang IJ, Choi C, Kim H, Lee H, Yoo Y, Choi Y, Hwang JH, Jung K, Lee JC, Kim JH. Confined growth of Ag nanogap shells emitting stable Raman label signals for SERS liquid biopsy of pancreatic cancer. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115948. [PMID: 38160636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
To develop a reliable surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) immunoassay as a new liquid biopsy modality, SERS nanoprobes emitting strong and stable signals are necessary. However, Ag nanoparticles used as SERS nanoprobes are prone to rapid fading of SERS signals by oxidation. This has driven the development of a new strategy for Ag-based SERS nanoprobes emitting stable and strong SERS signals over time. Herein, Ag nanogap shells entrapping Raman labels are created in the confined pores of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (AgNSM) through a rapid single-step reaction for SERS liquid biopsy. Each AgNSM nanoprobe possesses multiple nanogaps of 1.58 nm to entrap Raman labels, allowing superior long-term SERS signal stability and large enhancement of 1.5 × 106. AgNSM nanoprobes conjugated with an antibody specific for carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 are employed in the SERS sandwich immunoassay including antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for CA19-9 detection, showing a two orders of magnitude lower limit of detection (0.025 U mL-1) than an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (0.3 U mL-1). The AgNSM nanoprobe immunoassay accurately quantifies CA19-9 levels from clinical serum samples of early and advanced pancreatic cancer. AgNSM nanoprobes with stable SERS signals provide a new route to SERS liquid biopsy for effective detection of blood biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- In-Jun Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongwon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejoo Yoo
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hyeok Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangrok Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Chan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmadipour M, Bhattacharya A, Sarafbidabad M, Syuhada Sazali E, Krishna Ghoshal S, Satgunam M, Singh R, Rezaei Ardani M, Missaoui N, Kahri H, Pal U, Ling Pang A. CA19-9 and CEA biosensors in pancreatic cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117788. [PMID: 38246211 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex pathophysiological condition causing millions of deaths each year. Early diagnosis is essential especially for pancreatic cancer. Existing diagnostic tools rely on circulating biomarkers such as Carbohydrate Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). Unfortunately, these markers are nonspecific and may be increased in a variety of disorders. Accordingly, diagnosis of pancreatic cancer generally involves more invasive approaches such as biopsy as well as imaging studies. Recent advances in biosensor technology have allowed the development of precise diagnostic tools having enhanced analytical sensitivity and specificity. Herein we examine these advances in the detection of cancer in general and in pancreatic cancer specifically. Furthermore, we highlight novel technologies in the measurement of CA19-9 and CEA and explore their future application in the early detection of pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ahmadipour
- Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43650 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Anish Bhattacharya
- Advanced Optical Materials Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Ibnu Sina Institute of Laser Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohsen Sarafbidabad
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ezza Syuhada Sazali
- Advanced Optical Materials Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Ibnu Sina Institute of Laser Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Sib Krishna Ghoshal
- Advanced Optical Materials Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Ibnu Sina Institute of Laser Centre, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Meenaloshini Satgunam
- Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43650 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43650 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ramesh Singh
- Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43650 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing (AMMP), Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Rezaei Ardani
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nadhem Missaoui
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Kahri
- Laboratory of Interfaces and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ujjwal Pal
- Department of Analytical and Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ai Ling Pang
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karimi F, Karimi-Maleh H, Rouhi J, Zare N, Karaman C, Baghayeri M, Fu L, Rostamnia S, Dragoi EN, Ayati A, Krivoshapkin P. Revolutionizing cancer monitoring with carbon-based electrochemical biosensors. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 239:117368. [PMID: 37827366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Cancer monitoring plays a critical role in improving patient outcomes by providing early detection, personalized treatment options, and treatment response tracking. Carbon-based electrochemical biosensors have emerged in recent years as a revolutionary technology with the potential to revolutionize cancer monitoring. These sensors are useful for clinical applications because of their high sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response, and compatibility with miniaturized equipment. This review paper gives an in-depth look at the latest developments and the possibilities of carbon-based electrochemical sensors in cancer surveillance. The essential principles of carbon-based electrochemical sensors are discussed, including their structure, operating mechanisms, and critical qualities that make them suited for cancer surveillance. Furthermore, we investigate their applicability in detecting specific cancer biomarkers, evaluating therapy responses, and detecting cancer recurrence early. Additionally, a comparison of carbon-based electrochemical sensor performance measures, including sensitivity, selectivity, accuracy, and limit of detection, is presented in contrast to existing monitoring methods and upcoming technologies. Finally, we discuss prospective tactics, future initiatives, and commercialization opportunities for improving the capabilities of these sensors and integrating them into normal clinical practice. The review highlights the potential impact of carbon-based electrochemical sensors on cancer diagnosis, treatment, and patient outcomes, as well as the importance of ongoing research, collaboration, and validation studies to fully realize their potential in revolutionizing cancer monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Karimi
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Hassan Karimi-Maleh
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Jalal Rouhi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51566, Iran.
| | - Najmeh Zare
- School of Resources and Environment, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, P.O. Box 611731, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Ceren Karaman
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Electricity and Energy, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. B 397, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Li Fu
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, PR China
| | - Sadegh Rostamnia
- Organic and Nano Group (ONG), Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), PO Box 16846-13114, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Niculina Dragoi
- "Cristofor Simionescu" Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University, Bld Mangeron No 73, Iasi, 700050, Romania
| | - Ali Ayati
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| | - Pavel Krivoshapkin
- EnergyLab, ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, Saint Petersburg, 191002, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang T, Ma Y, Zhang Y. A simple electrochemical strategy for the detection of the cancer marker CA19-9 by signal amplification using copper organic framework nanocomposite. Analyst 2023; 148:5905-5914. [PMID: 37855742 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01511d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
In this work, label-free electrochemical immunosensing of the cancer biomarker carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) is reported using [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- as a signal probe and a copper organic framework (Cu-BTC) nanocomposite for the amplification of the signal. The immunosensor was fabricated by the following process. First, the Cu-BTC nanomaterial with a larger surface area and good biocompatibility was synthesized to improve the dispersion of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). Then, nitrogen-doped graphene (N-GR) was combined with Cu-BTC to form the nanocomposite. The synthesized Cu-BTC@N-GR@AuNPs@CS nanocomposite was employed to modify the surface of the immunosensor to accelerate the electron transfer rate and improve the immobilization amount of CA19-9 antibodies (Ab). Various techniques, including TEM, SEM and XPS were used to characterize Cu-BTC and nanocomposites. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used to measure the electrochemical response of the immunosensor in [Fe(CN)6]3-/4-. The signal intensity of the immunosensor was linearly changed upon increasing the concentration of CA19-9 antigen from 10 μU mL-1 to 100 U mL-1, and a detection limit of 4.2 μU mL-1 was achieved. Furthermore, the immunosensor showed good stability, reproducibility and specificity, indicating its potential application in clinical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuzhong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chem-Biosensing, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ekwujuru EU, Olatunde AM, Klink MJ, Ssemakalu CC, Chili MM, Peleyeju MG. Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Immunosensors for the Detection of Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:4106. [PMID: 37112447 PMCID: PMC10142013 DOI: 10.3390/s23084106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing is an emerging technological innovation for monitoring small substances/molecules in biological or non-biological systems. In particular, there has been a surge of interest in developing PEC devices for determining molecules of clinical significance. This is especially the case for molecules that are markers for serious and deadly medical conditions. The increased interest in PEC sensors to monitor such biomarkers can be attributed to the many apparent advantages of the PEC system, including an enhanced measurable signal, high potential for miniaturization, rapid testing, and low cost, amongst others. The growing number of published research reports on the subject calls for a comprehensive review of the various findings. This article is a review of studies on electrochemical (EC) and PEC sensors for ovarian cancer biomarkers in the last seven years (2016-2022). EC sensors were included because PEC is an improved EC; and a comparison of both systems has, expectedly, been carried out in many studies. Specific attention was given to the different markers of ovarian cancer and the EC/PEC sensing platforms developed for their detection/quantification. Relevant articles were sourced from the following databases: Scopus, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Science Direct, Academic Search Complete, EBSCO, CORE, Directory of open Access Journals (DOAJ), Public Library of Science (PLOS), BioMed Central (BMC), Semantic Scholar, Research Gate, SciELO, Wiley Online Library, Elsevier and SpringerLink.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezinne U. Ekwujuru
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
| | | | - Michael J. Klink
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
| | - Cornelius C. Ssemakalu
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
| | - Muntuwenkosi M. Chili
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
- Centre for Academic Development, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
| | - Moses G. Peleyeju
- Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
- Centre for Academic Development, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark 1911, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bangarh R, Khatana C, Kaur S, Sharma A, Kaushal A, Siwal SS, Tuli HS, Dhama K, Thakur VK, Saini RV, Saini AK. Aberrant protein glycosylation: Implications on diagnosis and Immunotherapy. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 66:108149. [PMID: 37030554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation-mediated post-translational modification is critical for regulating many fundamental processes like cell division, differentiation, immune response, and cell-to-cell interaction. Alterations in the N-linked or O-linked glycosylation pattern of regulatory proteins like transcription factors or cellular receptors lead to many diseases, including cancer. These alterations give rise to micro- and macro-heterogeneity in tumor cells. Here, we review the role of O- and N-linked glycosylation and its regulatory function in autoimmunity and aberrant glycosylation in cancer. The change in cellular glycome could result from a change in the expression of glycosidases or glycosyltransferases like N-acetyl-glucosaminyl transferase V, FUT8, ST6Gal-I, DPAGT1, etc., impact the glycosylation of target proteins leading to transformation. Moreover, the mutations in glycogenes affect glycosylation patterns on immune cells leading to other related manifestations like pro- or anti-inflammatory effects. In recent years, understanding the glycome to cancer indicates that it can be utilized for both diagnosis/prognosis as well as immunotherapy. Studies involving mass spectrometry of proteome, site- and structure-specific glycoproteomics, or transcriptomics/genomics of patient samples and cancer models revealed the importance of glycosylation homeostasis in cancer biology. The development of emerging technologies, such as the lectin microarray, has facilitated research on the structure and function of glycans and glycosylation. Newly developed devices allow for high-throughput, high-speed, and precise research on aberrant glycosylation. This paper also discusses emerging technologies and clinical applications of glycosylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Bangarh
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Chainika Khatana
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Anchita Sharma
- Division of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517641, India
| | - Ankur Kaushal
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Samarjeet Singh Siwal
- Department of Chemistry, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar Thakur
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, United Kingdom; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Reena V Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| | - Adesh K Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, MMEC, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana 133207, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sharifi M, Khalilzadeh B, Bayat F, Isildak I, Tajali H. Application of thermal annealing-assisted gold nanoparticles for ultrasensitive diagnosis of pancreatic cancer using localized surface plasmon resonance. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
13
|
Pérez-Ginés V, Torrente-Rodríguez RM, Pedrero M, Martínez-Bosch N, de Frutos PG, Navarro P, Pingarrón JM, Campuzano S. Electrochemical immunoplatform to help managing pancreatic cancer. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
|
14
|
Safari M, Moghaddam A, Salehi Moghaddam A, Absalan M, Kruppke B, Ruckdäschel H, Khonakdar HA. Carbon-based biosensors from graphene family to carbon dots: A viewpoint in cancer detection. Talanta 2023; 258:124399. [PMID: 36870153 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
According to the latest report by International Agency for Research on Cancer, 19.3 million new cancer cases and 10 million cancer deaths were globally reported in 2020. Early diagnosis can reduce these numbers significantly, and biosensors have appeared to be a solution to this problem as, unlike the traditional methods, they have low cost, rapid process, and do not need experts present on site for use. These devices have been incorporated to detect many cancer biomarkers and measure cancer drug delivery. To design these biosensors, a researcher must know about their different types, properties of nanomaterials, and cancer biomarkers. Among all types of biosensors, electrochemical and optical biosensors are the most sensitive and promising sensors for detecting complicated diseases like cancer. The carbon-based nanomaterial family has attracted lots of attention due to their low cost, easy preparation, biocompatibility, and significant electrochemical and optical properties. In this review, we have discussed the application of graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon dots (CDs), and fullerene (C60), for designing different electrochemical and optical cancer-detecting biosensors. Furthermore, the application of these carbon-based biosensors for detecting seven widely studied cancer biomarkers (HER2, CEA, CA125, VEGF, PSA, Alpha-fetoprotein, and miRNA21) is reviewed. Finally, various fabricated carbon-based biosensors for detecting cancer biomarkers and anticancer drugs are comprehensively summarized as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Safari
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Moloud Absalan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Benjamin Kruppke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger Ruckdäschel
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Hossein Ali Khonakdar
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lee J. Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensors Using Fusion Technologies with Biologicals & Chemicals for Food Assessment. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:183. [PMID: 36831949 PMCID: PMC9953396 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-sensitivity sensors applied in various diagnostic systems are considered to be a promising technology in the era of the fourth industrial revolution. Biosensors that can quickly detect the presence and concentration of specific biomaterials are receiving research attention owing to the breakthroughs in detection technology. In particular, the latest technologies involving the miniaturization of biosensors using nanomaterials, such as nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and nanometals, have been widely studied. Nano-sized biosensors applied in food assessment and in in vivo measurements have the advantages of rapid diagnosis, high sensitivity and selectivity. Nanomaterial-based biosensors are inexpensive and can be applied to various fields. In the present society, where people are paying attention to health and wellness, high-technology food assessment is becoming essential as the consumer demand for healthy food increases. Thus, biosensor technology is required in the food and medical fields. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely studied for use in electrochemical biosensors. The sensitive electrical characteristics of CNTs allow them to act as electron transfer mediators in electrochemical biosensors. CNT-based biosensors require novel technologies for immobilizing CNTs on electrodes, such as silicon wafers, to use as biosensor templates. CNT-based electrochemical biosensors that serve as field-effect transistors (FET) increase sensitivity. In this review, we critically discuss the recent advances in CNT-based electrochemical biosensors applied with various receptors (antibodies, DNA fragments, and other nanomaterials) for food evaluation, including pathogens, food allergens, and other food-based substances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinyoung Lee
- Department of Green Chemical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Cheonan 31066, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Police Patil AV, Chuang YS, Li C, Wu CC. Recent Advances in Electrochemical Immunosensors with Nanomaterial Assistance for Signal Amplification. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13010125. [PMID: 36671960 PMCID: PMC9855954 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical immunosensors have attracted immense attention due to the ease of mass electrode production and the high compatibility of the miniature electric reader, which is beneficial for developing point-of-care diagnostic devices. Electrochemical immunosensors can be divided into label-free and label-based sensing strategies equipped with potentiometric, amperometric, voltammetric, or impedimetric detectors. Emerging nanomaterials are frequently used on electrochemical immunosensors as a highly rough and conductive interface of the electrodes or on nanocarriers of immobilizing capture antibodies, electroactive mediators, or catalyzers. Adopting nanomaterials can increase immunosensor characteristics with lower detection limits and better sensitivity. Recent research has shown innovative immobilization procedures of nanomaterials which meet the requirements of different electrochemical immunosensors. This review discusses the past five years of advances in nanomaterials (metal nanoparticles, metal nanostructures, carbon nanotubes, and graphene) integrated into the electrochemical immunosensor. Furthermore, the new tendency and endeavors of nanomaterial-based electrochemical immunosensors are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avinash V. Police Patil
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Chuang
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Chenzhong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 1324 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ching-Chou Wu
- Department of Bio-Industrial Mechatronics Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nasrollahpour H, Khalilzadeh B, Hasanzadeh M, Rahbarghazi R, Estrela P, Naseri A, Tasoglu S, Sillanpää M. Nanotechnology‐based electrochemical biosensors for monitoring breast cancer biomarkers. Med Res Rev 2022; 43:464-569. [PMID: 36464910 DOI: 10.1002/med.21931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is categorized as the most widespread cancer type among women globally. On-time diagnosis can decrease the mortality rate by making the right decision in the therapy procedure. These features lead to a reduction in medication time and socioeconomic burden. The current review article provides a comprehensive assessment for breast cancer diagnosis using nanomaterials and related technologies. Growing use of the nano/biotechnology domain in terms of electrochemical nanobiosensor designing was discussed in detail. In this regard, recent advances in nanomaterial applied for amplified biosensing methodologies were assessed for breast cancer diagnosis by focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches. We also monitored designing methods, advantages, and the necessity of suitable (nano) materials from a statistical standpoint. The main objective of this review is to classify the applicable biosensors based on breast cancer biomarkers. With numerous nano-sized platforms published for breast cancer diagnosis, this review tried to collect the most suitable methodologies for detecting biomarkers and certain breast cancer cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Nasrollahpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Balal Khalilzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Department of Applied Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Pedro Estrela
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio) and Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Bath Bath UK
| | - Abdolhossein Naseri
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM) Rumeli Feneri, Sarıyer Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Environmental Engineering and Management Research Group Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Echeverri D, Orozco J. Glycan-Based Electrochemical Biosensors: Promising Tools for the Detection of Infectious Diseases and Cancer Biomarkers. Molecules 2022; 27:8533. [PMID: 36500624 PMCID: PMC9736010 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycan-based electrochemical biosensors are emerging as analytical tools for determining multiple molecular targets relevant to diagnosing infectious diseases and detecting cancer biomarkers. These biosensors allow for the detection of target analytes at ultra-low concentrations, which is mandatory for early disease diagnosis. Nanostructure-decorated platforms have been demonstrated to enhance the analytical performance of electrochemical biosensors. In addition, glycans anchored to electrode platforms as bioreceptors exhibit high specificity toward biomarker detection. Both attributes offer a synergy that allows ultrasensitive detection of molecular targets of clinical interest. In this context, we review recent advances in electrochemical glycobiosensors for detecting infectious diseases and cancer biomarkers focused on colorectal cancer. We also describe general aspects of structural glycobiology, definitions, and classification of electrochemical biosensors and discuss relevant works on electrochemical glycobiosensors in the last ten years. Finally, we summarize the advances in electrochemical glycobiosensors and comment on some challenges and limitations needed to advance toward real clinical applications of these devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 N°52–20, Medellin 050010, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kumar Pathak N, Konno Y, Kuan Ko Y, Maeda Y, Kobayashi T, Yabushita A, Kanseri B. Intermolecular vibrational energy transfer between SWCNTs with different chiralities. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
20
|
Chitosan/genipin modified electrode for voltammetric determination of interleukin-6 as a biomarker of sepsis. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1450-1459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
21
|
Tan YY, Sun HN, Liu M, Liu A, Li SS. Simple synthesis of PtRu nanoassemblies as signal amplifiers for electrochemical immunoassay of carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108263. [PMID: 36162334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In clinical analysis, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA199) is a gold standard for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. Herein, PtRu nanoassemblies (NAs) were synthesized via a facile one-step solvothermal approach, with the help of octylphenoxypolye thoxyethanol (NP-40) acted as a growth-directing molecule, and triethylene glycol (TEG) worked as a reductant and solvent. During the assembly process of small particles, a large number of voids were formed, which significantly increase the specific surface area of the PtRu NAs exhibiting excellent electrocatalytic performance. Incorporating the PtRu NAs as signal amplifiers for potassium ferrocyanide oxidation into the specific molecular recognition of proteins, a facile signal-enhanced electrochemical (EC) immunosensor was developed. Verified by a series of experiments, the proposed immunosensor presented a wide linear range (10-4-70 U mL-1) and a low detection limit (3.3 × 10-5 U mL-1), accompanied by good reproducibility, selectivity, and stability, which could be applied in human serum samples for the determination of CA199, and was comparable to commercial electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay. Feasibility of batch fabrication of PtRu NAs makes nanomaterial-based EC immunoassay promising for the determination of similar cancer markers in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Tan
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - He-Nan Sun
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mingjun Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Aihua Liu
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Institute for Chemical Biology & Biosensing, and College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mondal J, An JM, Surwase SS, Chakraborty K, Sutradhar SC, Hwang J, Lee J, Lee YK. Carbon Nanotube and Its Derived Nanomaterials Based High Performance Biosensing Platform. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:731. [PMID: 36140116 PMCID: PMC9496036 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an accurate diagnosis and monitoring of diseases became a more important issue. In order to fabricate high-performance and sensitive biosensors, many researchers and scientists have used many kinds of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide NPs, quantum dots (QDs), and carbon nanomaterials including graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Among them, CNTs have been considered important biosensing channel candidates due to their excellent physical properties such as high electrical conductivity, strong mechanical properties, plasmonic properties, and so on. Thus, in this review, CNT-based biosensing systems are introduced and various sensing approaches such as electrochemical, optical, and electrical methods are reported. Moreover, such biosensing platforms showed excellent sensitivity and high selectivity against not only viruses but also virus DNA structures. So, based on the amazing potential of CNTs-based biosensing systems, healthcare and public health can be significantly improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Mondal
- Department of Green Bio Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
| | - Jeong Man An
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sachin S. Surwase
- 4D Convergence Technology Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea
| | - Kushal Chakraborty
- Department of IT and Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
| | - Sabuj Chandra Sutradhar
- 4D Convergence Technology Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea
| | - Joon Hwang
- 4D Convergence Technology Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea
- Department of Aeronautical & Mechanical Design Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
| | - Jaewook Lee
- 4D Convergence Technology Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea
| | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Green Bio Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
- 4D Convergence Technology Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Jungpyeong 27909, Korea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ahmadian E, Janas D, Eftekhari A, Zare N. Application of carbon nanotubes in sensing/monitoring of pancreas and liver cancer. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134826. [PMID: 35525455 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liver and pancreatic tumors are among the third leading causes of cancer-associated death worldwide. In addition to poor prognosis, both cancer types are diagnosed at advanced and metastatic stages without typical prior symptoms. Unfortunately, the existing theranostic approaches are inefficient in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted increasing attention in this context due to their distinct properties, including variable functionalization capability, biocompatibility, and excellent thermodynamic and optical features. As a consequence, they are now regarded as one of the most promising materials for this application. The current review aims to summarize and discuss the role of CNT in pancreatic and liver cancer theranostics. Accordingly, the breakthroughs achieved so far are classified based on the cancer type and analyzed in detail. The most feasible tactics utilizing CNT-based solutions for both cancer diagnosis and treatment are presented from the biomedical point of view. Finally, a future outlook is provided, which anticipates how the R&D community can build on the already developed methodologies and the subsequent biological responses of the pancreatic and liver cancer cells to the directed procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dawid Janas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Health Innovation & Acceleration Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51664, Iran; Joint Ukraine-Azerbaijan International Research and Education Center of Nanobiotechnology and Functional Nanosystems, Drohobych, Ukraine, Baku, Azerbaijan.
| | - Najme Zare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ghafary Z, Salimi A, Hallaj R. Exploring the Role of 2D-Graphdiyne as a Charge Carrier Layer in Field-Effect Transistors for Non-Covalent Biological Immobilization against Human Diseases. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:3986-4001. [PMID: 35939853 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Graphdiyne's (GDY's) outstanding features have made it a novel 2D nanomaterial and a great candidate for electronic gadgets and optoelectronic devices, and it has opened new opportunities for the development of highly sensitive electronic and optical detection methods as well. Here, we testified a non-covalent grafting strategy in which GDY serves as a charge carrier layer and a bioaffinity substrate to immobilize biological receptors on GDY-based field-effect transistor (FET) devices. Firm non-covalent anchoring of biological molecules via pyrene groups and electrostatic interactions in addition to preserved electrical properties of GDY endows it with features of an ultrasensitive and stable detection mechanism. With emerging new forms and extending the subtypes of the already existing fatal diseases, genetic and biological knowledge demands more details. In this regard, we constructed simple yet efficient platforms using GDY-based FET devices in order to detect different kinds of biological molecules that threaten human health. The resulted data showed that the proposed non-covalent bioaffinity assays in GDY-based FET devices could be considered reliable strategies for novel label-free biosensing platforms, which still reach a high on/off ratio of over 104. The limits of detection of the FET devices to detect DNA strands, the CA19-9 antigen, microRNA-155, the CA15-3 antigen, and the COVID-19 antigen were 0.2 aM, 0.04 pU mL-1, 0.11 aM, 0.043 pU mL-1, and 0.003 fg mL-1, respectively, in the linear ranges of 1 aM to 1 pM, 1 pU mL-1 to 0.1 μU mL-1, 1 aM to 1 pM, 1 pU mL-1 to 10 μU mL-1, and 1 fg mL-1 to 10 ng mL-1, respectively. Finally, the extraordinary performance of these label-free FET biosensors with low detection limits, high sensitivity and selectivity, capable of being miniaturized, and implantability for in vivo analysis makes them a great candidate in disease diagnostics and point-of-care testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaleh Ghafary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Abdollah Salimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran.,Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Rahman Hallaj
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran.,Research Center for Nanotechnology, University of Kurdistan, 66177-15175 Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
High-performance biosensor using a sandwich assay via antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles and fiber-optic localized surface plasmon resonance. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1213:339960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
26
|
Nanotechnology-based approaches for effective detection of tumor markers: A comprehensive state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:356-383. [PMID: 34920057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
As well-appreciated biomarkers, tumor markers have been spotlighted as reliable tools for predicting the behavior of different tumors and helping clinicians ascertain the type of molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis. The sensitivity and specificity of these markers have made them an object of even broader interest for sensitive detection and staging of various cancers. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescence-based, mass-based, and electrochemical-based detections are current techniques for sensing tumor markers. Although some of these techniques provide good selectivity, certain obstacles, including a low sample concentration or difficulty carrying out the measurement, limit their application. With the advent of nanotechnology, many studies have been carried out to synthesize and employ nanomaterials (NMs) in sensing techniques to determine these tumor markers at low concentrations. The fabrication, sensitivity, design, and multiplexing of sensing techniques have been uplifted due to the attractive features of NMs. Various NMs, such as magnetic and metal nanoparticles, up-conversion NPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon-based NMs, quantum dots (QDs), and graphene-based nanosensors, hyperbranched polymers, optical nanosensors, piezoelectric biosensors, paper-based biosensors, microfluidic-based lab-on-chip sensors, and hybrid NMs have proven effective in detecting tumor markers with great sensitivity and selectivity. This review summarizes various categories of NMs for detecting these valuable markers, such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3, MUC1), and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and highlights recent nanotechnology-based advancements in detection of these prognostic biomarkers.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ferrier DC, Honeychurch KC. Carbon Nanotube (CNT)-Based Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:bios11120486. [PMID: 34940243 PMCID: PMC8699144 DOI: 10.3390/bios11120486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This review focuses on recent advances in the application of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for the development of sensors and biosensors. The paper discusses various configurations of these devices, including their integration in analytical devices. Carbon nanotube-based sensors have been developed for a broad range of applications including electrochemical sensors for food safety, optical sensors for heavy metal detection, and field-effect devices for virus detection. However, as yet there are only a few examples of carbon nanotube-based sensors that have reached the marketplace. Challenges still hamper the real-world application of carbon nanotube-based sensors, primarily, the integration of carbon nanotube sensing elements into analytical devices and fabrication on an industrial scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David C. Ferrier
- Institute of Bio-Sensing Technology, Frenchay Campus, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
| | - Kevin C. Honeychurch
- Institute of Bio-Sensing Technology, Frenchay Campus, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK;
- Centre for Research in Biosciences, Frenchay Campus, Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Crapnell RD, Banks CE. Electroanalytical overview: utilising micro- and nano-dimensional sized materials in electrochemical-based biosensing platforms. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:268. [PMID: 34296349 PMCID: PMC8298255 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04913-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Research into electrochemical biosensors represents a significant portion of the large interdisciplinary field of biosensing. The drive to develop reliable, sensitive, and selective biosensing platforms for key environmental and medical biomarkers is ever expanding due to the current climate. This push for the detection of vital biomarkers at lower concentrations, with increased reliability, has necessitated the utilisation of micro- and nano-dimensional materials. There is a wide variety of nanomaterials available for exploration, all having unique sets of properties that help to enhance the performance of biosensors. In recent years, a large portion of research has focussed on combining these different materials to utilise the different properties in one sensor platform. This research has allowed biosensors to reach new levels of sensitivity, but we note that there is room for improvement in the reporting of this field. Numerous examples are published that report improvements in the biosensor performance through the mixing of multiple materials, but there is little discussion presented on why each nanomaterial is chosen and whether they synergise well together to warrant the inherent increase in production time and cost. Research into micro-nano materials is vital for the continued development of improved biosensing platforms, and further exploration into understanding their individual and synergistic properties will continue to push the area forward. It will continue to provide solutions for the global sensing requirements through the development of novel materials with beneficial properties, improved incorporation strategies for the materials, the combination of synergetic materials, and the reduction in cost of production of these nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Craig E Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Guo C, Li Z, Duan F, Zhang Z, Marchetti F, Du M. Semiconducting Cu xNi 3-x(hexahydroxytriphenylene) 2 framework for electrochemical aptasensing of C6 glioma cells and epidermal growth factor receptor. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:9951-9960. [PMID: 33034309 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01910k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A 2D CuNi metal-organic framework (MOF) named CuxNi3-x(HHTP)2 was synthesized with 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) as the linker and was used as a sensitive scaffold to adsorb aptamer strands for the electrochemical detection of living C6 glioma cells and one of their biomarkers, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Different from conventional MOFs, the CuxNi3-x(HHTP)2 MOF comprises long-range delocalized electrons, a graphene-analog nanostructure, multiple metal states (Cu0/Cu+/Cu2+ and Ni2+/Ni3+), and abundant oxygen vacancies. With these features, the CuxNi3-x(HHTP)2 MOF anchored a large amount of C6 cell-targeted aptamer strands via coordination among metal centers, oligonucleotides, π-π stacking, and van der Waals force. The CuxNi3-x(HHTP)2-based cytosensor showed a low limit of detection (LOD) of 21 cells mL-1 toward C6 glioma cells within a wide range from 50 cells mL-1 to 1 × 105 cells mL-1. Moreover, the proposed aptasensor displayed high selectivity, good stability, acceptable reproducibility, and a low LOD of 0.72 fg mL-1 for detecting EGFR with the concentration ranging from 1 fg mL-1 to 1 ng mL-1. The aptasensor based on the CuxNi3-x(HHTP)2 MOF exhibited superior sensing performance over those based on its monometallic analogues such as Cu3(HHTP)2 MOF and Ni3(HHTP)2 MOF. Hence, this sensing strategy based on a bimetallic semiconducting MOF shows great potential for cancer diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanpan Guo
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China. and School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Section, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China.
| | - Fenghe Duan
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China. and School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Section, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China.
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Section, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Miao Du
- Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kumar S, Kumari P, Rathee G, Rathi B. Nanomaterials for Early Cancer Diagnostics. NANOMEDICINE FOR CANCER DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY 2021:97-114. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-7564-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2025]
|
31
|
Rodrigues JF, Florea L, de Oliveira MCF, Diamond D, Oliveira ON. Big data and machine learning for materials science. DISCOVER MATERIALS 2021; 1:12. [PMID: 33899049 PMCID: PMC8054236 DOI: 10.1007/s43939-021-00012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we review aspects of leading-edge research and innovation in materials science that exploit big data and machine learning (ML), two computer science concepts that combine to yield computational intelligence. ML can accelerate the solution of intricate chemical problems and even solve problems that otherwise would not be tractable. However, the potential benefits of ML come at the cost of big data production; that is, the algorithms demand large volumes of data of various natures and from different sources, from material properties to sensor data. In the survey, we propose a roadmap for future developments with emphasis on computer-aided discovery of new materials and analysis of chemical sensing compounds, both prominent research fields for ML in the context of materials science. In addition to providing an overview of recent advances, we elaborate upon the conceptual and practical limitations of big data and ML applied to materials science, outlining processes, discussing pitfalls, and reviewing cases of success and failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose F. Rodrigues
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Computing, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Larisa Florea
- SFI Research Centre for Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Maria C. F. de Oliveira
- Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Computing, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Dermot Diamond
- Insight Centre for Data Analytics, National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Osvaldo N. Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos, SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ibáñez-Redín G, Joshi N, do Nascimento GF, Wilson D, Melendez ME, Carvalho AL, Reis RM, Gonçalves D, Oliveira ON. Determination of p53 biomarker using an electrochemical immunoassay based on layer-by-layer films with NiFe 2O 4 nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:619. [PMID: 33083850 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A disposable electrochemical immunosensors is presented suitable to detect cancer biomarker p53 using screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with a layer-by-layer (LbL) matrix of carboxylated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and polyethyleneimine, onto which anti-p53 antibodies were adsorbed. Under optimized conditions, the immunosensors exhibited high surface coverage and high concentration of immobilized antibodies, which allowed for detection of p53 in a wide dynamic range from 1.0 to 10 × 103 pg mL-1, with a limit of detection of 5.0 fg mL-1 at a working potential of 100 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. The immunosensors also exhibited good selectivity with negligible interference upon incubation in complex matrices containing high concentrations of proteins (i.e., fetal bovine serum and cell lysate). The immunosensor performance is among the best reported in the literature for determination of p53, with the additional advantage of being disposable and operating with low-volume solutions.Graphical abstract Schematic representation of immunosensor fabrication depicting the immobilization of specific antibodies against p53 protein onto the surfaces of disposable printed electrodes modified with films of polyethyleneimine and different concentrations of carboxylated magnetic nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Ibáñez-Redín
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Nirav Joshi
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil.
| | | | - Deivy Wilson
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Matias E Melendez
- Pelé Little Prince Research Institute, Little Prince Complex, PR, 80250-060, Curitiba, Brazil.,Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil
| | - André L Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, SP, 14784-400, Barretos, Brazil.,Life and eHealth Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University ofMinho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/ Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Débora Gonçalves
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, SP, 13560-970, São Carlos, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Immunosensors containing solution blow spun fibers of poly(lactic acid) to detect p53 biomarker. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
34
|
Design of A Low-Cost and Disposable Paper-Based Immunosensor for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Aflatoxin B1. CHEMOSENSORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors8030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We report a paper-based electrochemical immunosensor made with sustainable materials to detect aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a highly toxic, carcinogenic mycotoxin found in food. The immunosensor was prepared with a waterproof paper substrate and low-cost graphite-based conductive ink through a simple cut-printing method. The working electrode was functionalized with a drop-cast film of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/chitosan on which a layer of anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibodies was immobilized covalently. The architecture of the immunosensor was confirmed with polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), including the effective immobilization of the active layer of anti-AFB1. With EIS as the principle of detection, the immunosensor could detect AFB1 in the range from 1 to 30 ng·mL−1, and detection limit of 0.62 ng·mL−1. This sensitivity is sufficient to detect AFB1 in food according to regulatory agencies. The immunosensor exhibited good repeatability, reproducibility, stability, and selectivity in experiments with a possible interferent. Furthermore, detection of AFB1 in maize flour samples yielded recovery of 97–99%, in a demonstration of the possible use of the paper-based immunosensor to detect AFB1 using extraction solutions from food samples.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
In recent years, advances in immunosensor device fabrication have significantly expanded the use of this technology in a broad range of applications including clinical diagnosis, food analysis, quality control, environmental studies and industrial monitoring. The most important aspect in fabrication is to obtain a design that provides a low detection limit. The utilization of nanomaterials as a label, catalyst and biosensing transducer is, perhaps, the most popular approach in ultrasensitive devices. This chapter reviews recent advances in immunosensor fabrication and summarizes the most recent studies. Strategies employed to significantly improve sensitivity and specificity of immunosensor technology and the advantages and limitations thereof are explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Aydin
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Elif Burcu Aydin
- Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ibáñez-Redín G, Materon EM, Furuta RHM, Wilson D, do Nascimento GF, Melendez ME, Carvalho AL, Reis RM, Oliveira ON, Gonçalves D. Screen-printed electrodes modified with carbon black and polyelectrolyte films for determination of cancer marker carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:417. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
37
|
Hossain Z, Yasmeen F, Komatsu S. Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Morphophysiological Effects, and Proteomic Responses of Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3056. [PMID: 32357514 PMCID: PMC7246787 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cells are frequently challenged with a wide range of adverse environmental conditions that restrict plant growth and limit the productivity of agricultural crops. Rapid development of nanotechnology and unsystematic discharge of metal containing nanoparticles (NPs) into the environment pose a serious threat to the ecological receptors including plants. Engineered nanoparticles are synthesized by physical, chemical, biological, or hybrid methods. In addition, volcanic eruption, mechanical grinding of earthquake-generating faults in Earth's crust, ocean spray, and ultrafine cosmic dust are the natural source of NPs in the atmosphere. Untying the nature of plant interactions with NPs is fundamental for assessing their uptake and distribution, as well as evaluating phytotoxicity. Modern mass spectrometry-based proteomic techniques allow precise identification of low abundant proteins, protein-protein interactions, and in-depth analyses of cellular signaling networks. The present review highlights current understanding of plant responses to NPs exploiting high-throughput proteomics techniques. Synthesis of NPs, their morphophysiological effects on crops, and applications of proteomic techniques, are discussed in details to comprehend the underlying mechanism of NPs stress acclimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahed Hossain
- Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Farhat Yasmeen
- Department of Botany, Women University, Swabi 23340, Pakistan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Department of Environmental and Food Science, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou S, Hu M, Huang X, Zhou N, Zhang Z, Wang M, Liu Y, He L. Electrospun zirconium oxide embedded in graphene-like nanofiber for aptamer-based impedimetric bioassay toward osteopontin determination. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:219. [PMID: 32166466 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-4187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An impedimetric bioassay was constructed based on a nanohybrid of zirconium oxide nanoparticles and graphene-like nanofiber (denoted by ZrO2@GNF) for the determination of osteopontin (OPN). A series of ZrO2@GNF nanohybrids with different morphologies and nanostructures were derived from zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (UiO-66) entrapped within the electric spun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber (represented by UiO-66@PAN) by calcination at different temperatures. The basic characterizations revealed that the UiO-66@PAN nanofibers were collapsed into short nanorods. As such, homogeneously distributed ZrO2 nanoparticles were found to be embedded within the GNF nanostructure. This transition in the chemical structure and nanostructure not only can greatly enhance the electrochemical conductivity of the nanohybrid but also can strengthen the adsorbed bioaffinity toward OPN aptamer strands. As compared with bioassays based on ZrO2@GNF calcined at 500 °C and 900 °C, the ZrO2@GNF nanohybrid obtained at 700 °C (ZrO2@GNF700) demonstrated superior sensing performance, showing a determination limit of 4.76 fg mL-1 within a OPN concentration ranging 0.01 pg mL-1 to 2.0 ng mL-1. It also displayed high selectivity, accompanied by good reproducibility and stability, acceptable applicability, and excellent repeatability. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of an impedimetric aptasensor based on nanohybrids of zirconium oxide nanoparticles and graphene-like nanofiber (ZrO2@CNF) was constructed for osteopontin detection. The ZrO2@CNF700 nanohybrid-based aptasensor demonstrated superior sensing performances, providing a promising tool for detecting cancer markers in biomedical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minghua Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 1, Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Linghao He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bibi N, Awan IT, Awan AT. New Adsorption-Based Biosensors for Cancer Detections and Role of Nano-medicine in Its Prognosis and Inhibition. 'ESSENTIALS OF CANCER GENOMIC, COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES AND PRECISION MEDICINE 2020:107-140. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1067-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2025]
|
40
|
Soares JC, Soares AC, Rodrigues VC, Melendez ME, Santos AC, Faria EF, Reis RM, Carvalho AL, Oliveira ON. Detection of the Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical and Impedance-Based Biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:46645-46650. [PMID: 31765118 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of prostate cancer via PCA3 biomarker detection is promising to be much more efficient than with the prostatic specific antigens currently used. In this study, we present the first electrochemical and impedance-based biosensors that are capable of detecting PCA3 down to 0.128 nmol/L. The biosensors were made with a layer of PCA3-complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe, immobilized on a layer-by-layer (LbL) film of chitosan (CHT) and carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). They are highly selective to PCA3, which was confirmed in impedance measurements and with polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Using information visualization methods, we could also distinguish between cell lines expressing the endogenous PCA3 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) from cells that did not contain detectable levels of this biomarker. Since the methods involved in fabrication the biosensors are potentially low cost, one may hope to deploy PCA3 tests in any laboratory of clinical analyses and even for point-of-care diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Agribusiness (LNNA) , Embrapa Instrumentation , 13560-970 São Carlos , Brazil
| | - Andrey Coatrini Soares
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
- National Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Agribusiness (LNNA) , Embrapa Instrumentation , 13560-970 São Carlos , Brazil
| | | | - Matias Eliseo Melendez
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Alexandre Cesar Santos
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Eliney Ferreira Faria
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Rui M Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine , University of Minho , Braga , Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory , Braga/Guimarães , Portugal
| | - Andre Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center , Barretos Cancer Hospital , 14784-400 Barretos , Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics , University of São Paulo , 13566-590 São Carlos , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Proença CA, Freitas TA, Baldo TA, Materón EM, Shimizu FM, Ferreira GR, Soares FLF, Faria RC, Oliveira ON. Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 10:2171-2181. [PMID: 31807403 PMCID: PMC6880837 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.10.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Diagnosis of cancer using electroanalytical methods can be achieved at low cost and in rapid assays, but this may require the combination with data treatment for determining biomarkers in real samples. In this paper, we report an immunomagnetic nanoparticle-based microfluidic sensor (INμ-SPCE) for the amperometric detection of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarker, the data of which were treated with information visualization methods. The INμ-SPCE consists of eight working electrodes, reference and counter electrodes. On the working electrodes, magnetic nanoparticles with secondary antibodies with the enzyme horseradish peroxidase were immobilized for the indirect detection of PSA in a sandwich-type procedure. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor could operate within a wide range from 12.5 to 1111 fg·L-1, with a low detection limit of 0.062 fg·L-1. Multidimensional projections combined with feature selection allowed for the distinction of cell lysates with different levels of PSA, in agreement with results from the traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The approaches for immunoassays and data processing are generic, and therefore the strategies described here may provide a simple platform for clinical diagnosis of cancers and other types of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila A Proença
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tayane A Freitas
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaísa A Baldo
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elsa M Materón
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávio M Shimizu
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriella R Ferreira
- Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frederico L F Soares
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, 81531-980, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C Faria
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Osvaldo N Oliveira
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, São Carlos 13560-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Qian L, Li Q, Baryeh K, Qiu W, Li K, Zhang J, Yu Q, Xu D, Liu W, Brand RE, Zhang X, Chen W, Liu G. Biosensors for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a review. Transl Res 2019; 213:67-89. [PMID: 31442419 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extremely high mortality and poor prognosis and is projected to be the leading cause of cancer deaths by 2030. Due to the lack of early symptoms and appropriate methods to detect pancreatic carcinoma at an early stage as well as its aggressive progression, the disease is often quite advanced by the time a definite diagnosis is established. The 5-year relative survival rate for all stages is approximately 8%. Therefore, detection of pancreatic cancer at an early surgically resectable stage is the key to decrease mortality and to improve survival. The traditional methods for diagnosing pancreatic cancer involve an imaging test, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, paired with a biopsy of the mass in question. These methods are often expensive, time consuming, and require trained professionals to use the instruments and analyze the imaging. To overcome these issues, biosensors have been proposed as a promising tool for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The present review critically discusses the latest developments in biosensors for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Protein and microRNA biomarkers of pancreatic cancer and corresponding biosensors for pancreatic cancer diagnosis have been reviewed, and all these cases demonstrate that the emerging biosensors are becoming an increasingly relevant alternative to traditional techniques. In addition, we discuss the existing problems in biosensors and future challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Qian
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qiaobin Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Kwaku Baryeh
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Wanwei Qiu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qingcai Yu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Dongqin Xu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wenju Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China
| | - Randall E Brand
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Xueji Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; School of Food Science & Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
| | - Guodong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, Anhui, PR China; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Camilo DE, Miyazaki CM, Shimizu FM, Ferreira M. Improving direct immunoassay response by layer-by-layer films of gold nanoparticles – Antibody conjugate towards label-free detection. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:315-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
44
|
Kumar S, Panwar S, Kumar S, Augustine S, Malhotra BD. Biofunctionalized Nanostructured Yttria Modified Non-Invasive Impedometric Biosensor for Efficient Detection of Oral Cancer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1190. [PMID: 31443571 PMCID: PMC6780737 DOI: 10.3390/nano9091190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We report results of the studies relating to the development of an efficient biosensor for non-invasive detection of CYFRA-21-1 cancer biomarker. We used a low dielectric constant material (nanostructured yttrium oxide, nY2O3) for the fabrication of the biosensing platform. The nY2O3 was synthesized via solvothermal process and functionalized using 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APTES). Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of the functionalized nanomaterial (APTES/nY2O3) onto an indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass electrode was conducted at a DC potential of 50V for 60s. The EDC-NHS chemistry was used for covalent immobilization of -COOH bearing monoclonal anti-CYFRA-21-1 onto -NH2 groups of APTES/nY2O3/ITO electrode. To avoid the non-specific interaction on the anti-CYFRA-21-1/APTES/nY2O3/ITO immunoelectrode, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were utilized for structural and morphological studies, whereas Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the bonding analysis. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were used for electrochemical characterization and response studies of fabricated electrodes. The fabricated immunosensor (BSA/anti-CYFRA-21-1/APTES/nY2O3/ITO) exhibited linearity in the range of 0.01-50 ng·mL-1, sensitivity of 226.0 Ω·mL·ng-1, and lower detection limit of 0.01·ng·mL-1. A reasonable correlation was observed between the results obtained using this biosensor and concentration of CYFRA-21-1 measured through ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique in salivary samples of oral cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suveen Kumar
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi110042, India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi110007, India
| | - Shweta Panwar
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi110042, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi110042, India
| | - Shine Augustine
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi110042, India
| | - Bansi D Malhotra
- Nanobioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi110042, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang M, Hu M, Li Z, He L, Song Y, Jia Q, Zhang Z, Du M. Construction of Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF conjugate as a novel platform for ultrasensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 125 and living cancer cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 142:111536. [PMID: 31362204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Combining different metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into a conjugate material can integrate the properties of each MOF component and further lead to emergent properties from the synergistic heterostructured units. In this work, two kinds of bimetallic TbFe-MOFs have been designed by MOF-on-MOF strategy and utilized as a platform for anchoring carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) aptamer to detect CA125 and living michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells. Although the integrated MOF-on-MOF architectures show similar chemical and structural features to that of the top layer, the Fe-MOF-on-Tb-MOF and Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF have different surface nanostructures to their parent MOFs. The developed aptasensor based on Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF displays higher stability of the formed G-quadruplex between aptamer and CA125 than that based on Fe-MOF-on-Tb-MOF, owing to stronger immobilization behavior of the aptamer for the Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF composite. The developed aptasensor provides an extremely low detection limit of 58 μU·mL-1 towards CA125 within a wide linear range from 100 μU·mL-1 to 200 U·mL-1, which is significantly lower than those of all reported sensors. This aptasensor also has high selectivity, good stability, acceptable reproducibility, and excellent applicability in human serum. Moreover, the Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF nanoarchitecture demonstrates superior biocompatibility and good endocytosis. As a result, the developed aptasensor illustrates high sensitivity for detection of MCF-7 cells with an extremely low detection limit of 19 cell·mL-1. Therefore, the proposed aptasensor based on Tb-MOF-on-Fe-MOF exhibits great potentials for early diagnosis of tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Linghao He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Yingpan Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Qiaojuan Jia
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China.
| | - Miao Du
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450002, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ibáñez-Redín G, Furuta RH, Wilson D, Shimizu FM, Materon EM, Arantes LMRB, Melendez ME, Carvalho AL, Reis RM, Chaur MN, Gonçalves D, Oliveira Jr ON. Screen-printed interdigitated electrodes modified with nanostructured carbon nano-onion films for detecting the cancer biomarker CA19-9. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:1502-1508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
47
|
Jia Z, Ma Y, Yang L, Guo C, Zhou N, Wang M, He L, Zhang Z. NiCo2O4 spinel embedded with carbon nanotubes derived from bimetallic NiCo metal-organic framework for the ultrasensitive detection of human immune deficiency virus-1 gene. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 133:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
48
|
Wang M, Hu M, Hu B, Guo C, Song Y, Jia Q, He L, Zhang Z, Fang S. Bimetallic cerium and ferric oxides nanoparticles embedded within mesoporous carbon matrix: Electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 135:22-29. [PMID: 30991268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A label-free electrochemical immunosensor was successfully developed for sensitively detecting carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) as a cancer marker. To achieve this, a series of bimetallic cerium and ferric oxide nanoparticles embedded within the mesoporous carbon matrix (represented by CeO2/FeOx@mC) was obtained from the bimetallic CeFe-based metal organic framework (CeFe-MOF) by calcination at different high temperatures. The formed CeO2 or FeOx nanoparticles were uniformly distributed within the highly graphitized mesoporous carbon matrix at the calcination temperature of 500 °C (represented by CeO2/FeOx@mC500). However, the obtained nanoparticles were aggregated into large size when calcined at the temperatures of 700 and 900 °C. The CA 19-9 antibody can be anchored to the CeO2/FeOx@mC network through chemical absorption between carboxylic groups of antibody and CeO2 or FeOx by ester-like bridging. The CeO2/FeOx@mC500-based immunosensor displayed superior sensing performance to the pristine CeFe-MOF, CeO2/FeOx@mC700- and CeO2/FeOx@mC900-based ones. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results showed that the developed immunosensor exhibited an extremely low detection limit of 10 μU·mL-1 (S/N = 3) within a wide range from 0.1 mU·mL-1 to 10 U·mL-1 toward CA 19-9. It also illustrated excellent specificity, good reproducibility and stability, and acceptable application analysis in the human serum solution which was diluted 100-fold with 0.01 M PBS solution (pH 7.4) and spiked with different amounts of CA19-9. Consequently, the proposed electrochemical immunosensor is capable enough of determining CA 19-9 in clinical diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghua Wang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Mengyao Hu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Bin Hu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Chuanpan Guo
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Yingpan Song
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Qiaojuan Jia
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Linghao He
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| | - Shaoming Fang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Science, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, No. 136, Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jeong G, Oh J, Jang J. Fabrication of N-doped multidimensional carbon nanofibers for high-performance cortisol biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 131:30-36. [PMID: 30802785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cortisol is an hormone that regulates blood pressure, glucose levels and carbohydrate metabolism in humans. Abnormal secretion of cortisol can cause various symptoms closely linked to psychological and physical health. In this study, high-performance field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors for cortisol detection were fabricated from N-doped multidimensional carbon nanofibers. Nanofiber morphology was controlled by tailoring the pressure conditions during vapor deposition polymerization (VDP). Thereafter, conductive channels of FET were completed by thermal annealing, acid treatment, and antibody attachment. Changes associated with chemical processes were characterized by various instruments. The resulting transducers exhibited a rapid response toward cortisol molecules with accurate selectivity, stable reusability, and high sensitivity. Minimum detection level were as low as 100 aM with a wide linear detection range of 100 aM to 10 nM due to the large surface area of the transducer and a correspondingly high number of antibody labels. The response and applicability of these cortisol biosensors were also assessed using saliva as a test matrix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Goeen Jeong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungkyun Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jyongsik Jang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Rebelo R, Barbosa AI, Caballero D, Kwon IK, Oliveira JM, Kundu SC, Reis RL, Correlo VM. 3D biosensors in advanced medical diagnostics of high mortality diseases. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 130:20-39. [PMID: 30716590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes are high mortality diseases, which account for almost two thirds of all deaths worldwide. Their early detection and continuous evaluation are fundamental for an improved patient prognosis and reduced socioeconomic impact. Current biosensor technologies are typically based on the analysis of whole blood samples from patients for the detection of disease-specific biomarkers. However, these technologies display serious shortcomings, such as reduced sensitivity and dynamic range, limited in vivo applicability, and lack of continuous monitoring. There is the urgent need for new diagnostic and treatment follow-up tools, which allow for the early detection of the pathology as well as for the continuous monitoring of the physiological responses to specific therapies. During the last years, a new generation of biosensor technologies with improved performance has emerged in the biomedical sector. The combination of advanced biomaterial methods, biochemical tools, and micro/nanotechnology approaches has resulted in the development of innovative three-dimensional (3D) biosensor platforms for advanced medical diagnosis. In this review, we report the most recent advances in the field of 3D biosensors for clinical applications, focusing on the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. We discuss about their clinical performance compared to standard biosensor technologies, their implantable capability, and their integration into microfluidic devices to develop clinically-relevant models. Overall, we anticipate that 3D biosensors will drive us toward a new paradigm in medical diagnosis, resulting in real-time in vivo biosensors capable to significantly improve patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rebelo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Ana I Barbosa
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - David Caballero
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Il Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Subhas C Kundu
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02477, Republic of Korea; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Vitor M Correlo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal; The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, Avepark, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|