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Zeng Z, Huang Z, Leng K, Han W, Niu H, Yu Y, Ling Q, Liu J, Wu Z, Zang J. Nonintrusive Monitoring of Mental Fatigue Status Using Epidermal Electronic Systems and Machine-Learning Algorithms. ACS Sens 2020; 5:1305-1313. [PMID: 31939287 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mental fatigue, characterized by subjective feelings of "tiredness" and "lack of energy", can degrade individual performance in a variety of situations, for example, in motor vehicle driving or while performing surgery. Thus, a method for nonintrusive monitoring of mental fatigue status is urgently needed. Recent research shows that physiological signal-based fatigue-classification methods using wearable electronics can be sufficiently accurate; by contrast, rigid, bulky devices constrain the behavior of those wearing them, potentially interfering with test signals. Recently, wearable electronics, such as epidermal electronics systems (EES) and electronic tattoos (E-tattoos), have been developed to meet the requirements for the comfortable measurement of various physiological signals. However, comfortable, effective, and nonintrusive monitoring of mental fatigue levels remains to be fulfilled. In this work, an EES is established to simultaneously detect multiple physiological signals in a comfortable and nonintrusive way. Machine-learning algorithms are employed to determine the mental fatigue levels and a predictive accuracy of up to 89% is achieved based on six different kinds of physiological features using decision tree algorithms. Furthermore, EES with the trained predictive model are applied to monitor in situ human mental fatigue levels when doing several routine research jobs, as well as the effect of relaxation methods in relieving fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikang Zeng
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kangmin Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wuxiao Han
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hao Niu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qing Ling
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jianfeng Zang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Innovation Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Qi PD, Li N, Liu Y, Qu CB, Li M, Ma JL, Huang GW, Xiao HM. Understanding the Cycling Performance Degradation Mechanism of a Graphene-Based Strain Sensor and an Effective Corresponding Improvement Solution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:23272-23283. [PMID: 32343550 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based strain sensors have attracted tremendous interest due to their potential application as intelligent wearable sensing devices. However, for graphene-based strain sensors, it is found that the sensing property at the beginning of the tensile cycle is not stable. Concretely, the peak resistance value gradually declines in the first dozens of cycles in every cyclic test. This is a problem that obviously affects the measurement accuracy but is rarely investigated so far. In this paper, this phenomenon is for the first time systematically studied. According to the reliable experimental results, it can be concluded that the decline of resistance is caused by the evolution of wrinkle morphologies in the graphene layer, which is essentially attributed to the temporary slippage of the graphene sheets under external stress. Based on the analyzed mechanism, a targeted improvement solution was proposed and verified. By the combined effects of polydopamine and Ni2+, the slippage among the rGO sheets was suppressed and a strain sensor with excellent sensing stability was obtained as expected. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the modified sensor was six times higher than that of the pristine one due to the change in the crack form, demonstrating it to be an effective method to obtain a graphene-based strain sensor with comprehensively high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Di Qi
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Cheng-Bing Qu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun-Li Ma
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gui-Wen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space Energy Conversion, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Li Y, He T, Shi L, Wang R, Sun J. Strain Sensor with Both a Wide Sensing Range and High Sensitivity Based on Braided Graphene Belts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17691-17698. [PMID: 32207287 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant development of flexible strain sensors in a variety of fields. Nevertheless, the challenge of integrating a broad sensing range (>50%) with high sensitivity [gauge factor (GF) value > 100 over the entire sensing strain] in one single flexible strain sensor still exists. Herein, we prepared a flexible strain sensor based on braided graphene belts (BGBs) and dragon skin. Such a BGB strain sensor exhibits an integration of a wide sensing range (up to 55.55%) and high sensitivity (GF value > 175.16 through the entire working range). Besides, this BGB strain sensor also demonstrates a minute monitoring limit (0.01%), low hysteresis and overshoot behaviors, and reliable cycling repeatability (>6000 cycles). The SEM microscopy observations reveal that the skew angle and intersection regions of graphene belts are mainly responsible for the desirable sensing performance. Finally, the successful detection of full-range human motions, from subtle actions to vigorously joint-related movements, reflects great potential of the BGB strain sensor in the application of wearable instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Tengyu He
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Liangjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Ranran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Ding Xi Road, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
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Ding H, Shu X, Jin Y, Fan T, Zhang H. Recent advances in nanomaterial-enabled acoustic devices for audible sound generation and detection. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5839-5860. [PMID: 30892308 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09736d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Acoustic devices are widely applied in telephone communication, human-computer voice interaction systems, medical ultrasound examination, and other applications. However, traditional acoustic devices are hard to integrate into a flexible system and therefore it is necessary to fabricate light weight and flexible acoustic devices for audible sound generation and detection. Recent advances in acoustic devices have greatly overcome the limitations of conventional acoustic sensors in terms of sensitivity, tunability, photostability, and in vivo applicability by employing nanomaterials. In this review, light weight and flexible nanomaterial-enabled acoustic devices (NEADs) including sound generators and sound detectors are covered. Additionally, the fundamental concepts of acoustic as well as the working principle of the NEAD are introduced in detail. Also, the structures of future acoustic devices, such as flexible earphones and microphones, are forecasted. Further exploration of flexible acoustic devices is a key priority and will have a great impact on the advancement of intelligent robot-human interaction and flexible electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Lai F, Wang BB, Zhang P. Enhanced positive temperature coefficient in amorphous PS/CSPE-MWCNT composites with low percolation threshold. J Appl Polym Sci 2019; 136:47053. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Bin-Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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Yuan W, Yang J, Yang K, Peng H, Yin F. High-Performance and Multifunctional Skinlike Strain Sensors Based on Graphene/Springlike Mesh Network. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:19906-19913. [PMID: 29863831 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of skinlike strain sensors that are integrated with multiple sensing functions has attracted tremendous attention in recent years. To mimic human skin, strain sensors should have the abilities to detect various deformations such as pressing, stretching, bending, and even subtle vibrations. Here, we developed a facile, cost-effective, and scalable method for fabrication of high-performance strain sensors based on a graphene-coated springlike mesh network. This composite-based sensor exhibits an incorporation of low detection limit (LOD) for minute deformation (LOD of 1.38 Pa for pressure, 0.1% for tensile strain, and 10 μm for vibration), multiple sensing functions, long-term stability, and wide maximal sensing range (up to 80 kPa for pressure and 110% for tensile strain). On the basis of its superior performance, it can be applied for in situ monitoring of human motions ranging from subtle physiological signals (e.g., pulse, respiration, and phonation) to substantial movements (e.g., finger bending).
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