1
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Hao H, Chen S, Ren J, Chen X, Nealey P. Enhanced etching resolution of self-assembled PS-b-PMMA block copolymer films by ionic liquid additives. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:205303. [PMID: 36709513 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acb6df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) is one of the most widely studied block copolymers for direct self-assembly because of its excellent compatibility with traditional processes. However, pattern transfer of PS-b-PMMA block copolymers (BCPs) remains a great challenge for its applications due to the insufficient etching resolution. In this study, the effect of ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (HMHF) additives on the line edge roughness (LER) performances of PS-b-PMMA self-assembled patterns was studied. Trace addition of HMHF kept the photolithography compatibility of PS-b-PMMA block copolymer films, but obviously increased their Flory-Huggins interaction parameter (χ) and enabled phase separation of disordered low molecular weight BCPs. LER value was effectively decreased by blending HMHF directly with PS-b-PMMA or from a supplying top layer of polyvinylpyrrolidone containing HMHF additives. This study shows an excellent strategy to improve the deficiencies of existing block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Hao
- College of Material Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangjun Chen
- College of Material Science & Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Inorganic Function Composites, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxing Ren
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States of America
| | - Xuanxuan Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States of America
| | - Paul Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, 60637, IL, United States of America
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2
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Angelopoulou PP, Moutsios I, Manesi GM, Ivanov DA, Sakellariou G, Avgeropoulos A. Designing high χ copolymer materials for nanotechnology applications: A systematic bulk vs. thin films approach. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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3
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Chai Z, Childress A, Busnaina AA. Directed Assembly of Nanomaterials for Making Nanoscale Devices and Structures: Mechanisms and Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17641-17686. [PMID: 36269234 PMCID: PMC9706815 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication has been utilized to manufacture one-, two-, and three-dimensional functional nanostructures for applications such as electronics, sensors, and photonic devices. Although conventional silicon-based nanofabrication (top-down approach) has developed into a technique with extremely high precision and integration density, nanofabrication based on directed assembly (bottom-up approach) is attracting more interest recently owing to its low cost and the advantages of additive manufacturing. Directed assembly is a process that utilizes external fields to directly interact with nanoelements (nanoparticles, 2D nanomaterials, nanotubes, nanowires, etc.) and drive the nanoelements to site-selectively assemble in patterned areas on substrates to form functional structures. Directed assembly processes can be divided into four different categories depending on the external fields: electric field-directed assembly, fluidic flow-directed assembly, magnetic field-directed assembly, and optical field-directed assembly. In this review, we summarize recent progress utilizing these four processes and address how these directed assembly processes harness the external fields, the underlying mechanism of how the external fields interact with the nanoelements, and the advantages and drawbacks of utilizing each method. Finally, we discuss applications made using directed assembly and provide a perspective on the future developments and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Chai
- State
Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Anthony Childress
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ahmed A. Busnaina
- NSF
Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center for High-Rate Nanomanufacturing
(CHN), Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
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4
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Elmahdy MM, Aldhafeeri KA, Ahmed MT, Azzam MA, Fahmy T. Molecular dynamics and conduction mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride‐co‐vinyl acetate‐co‐2‐hydroxypropyl acrylate) terpolymer containing ionic liquid. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdy M. Elmahdy
- Department of Physics College of Science and Humanities in Al‐Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt
| | - Khalid A. Aldhafeeri
- Department of Physics College of Science and Humanities in Al‐Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa T. Ahmed
- Department of Physics College of Science and Humanities in Al‐Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
- Polymer Research Group Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Egypt
| | - Maged A. Azzam
- Department of Chemistry College of Science and Humanities in Al‐Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University Al‐Kharj Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Fahmy
- Polymer Research Group Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University Egypt
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5
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Liu G, Fang D, Dan Y, Luo H, Luo C, Niu Y, Li G. Influence of ionic liquids on the chain dynamics and enthalpy relaxation of poly(methyl methacrylate). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16388-16396. [PMID: 35762774 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02223k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Imidazolium ionic liquids (ILs) with various alkyl chain lengths on the cations ([Cnmim]+, n = 2, 4 and 8) and different combined anions ([TFSI]- and [PF6]-) were blended with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and the effects of the IL structure on the chain dynamics of PMMA were experimentally investigated by rheology and DSC measurements combined with a simulation method. The results indicate that the interaction between PMMA and ILs becomes stronger as the alkyl chain length on the imidazolium ring increases or the anion changes from [PF6]- to [TFSI]-. As a result, a higher critical entanglement concentration and a larger entanglement molecular weight of PMMA were found in [C8mim][TFSI] due to the stiffer conformation. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further demonstrated stronger interactions between PMMA and ILs with longer cationic alkyl chain lengths or [TFSI]- anions, which showed smaller Flory-Huggins interaction parameters and larger radii of gyration, Rg. However, the larger size of alkyl chains or [TFSI]- anions produced a larger free volume in the system as evidenced by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), which competed with the molecular interaction and dominated the segmental motion. Therefore, a lower Tg and accelerated segmental relaxation were observed. Compared to alkyl chain length, the effect of anions on the interactions between ILs and PMMA is more prominent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Dong Fang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yongjie Dan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Huan Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Cong Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Yanhua Niu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Guangxian Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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6
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Lai H, Huang G, Tian X, Liu Y, Ji S. Engineering the domain roughness of block copolymer in directed self-assembly. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.124853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Yoshimura T, Morishita T, Agata Y, Nagashima K, Wylie K, Nabae Y, Hayakawa T, Ouchi M. Long-Range Ordered Lamellar Formation with Lower Molecular Weight PS-PMMA Block Copolymers: Significant Effects of Discrete Oligopeptides at the Junction. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Yoshimura
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Morishita
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Agata
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kodai Nagashima
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Kevin Wylie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Yuta Nabae
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Teruaki Hayakawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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8
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Masud A, Wu W, Singh M, Tonny W, Ammar A, Sharma K, Strzalka JW, Terlier T, Douglas JF, Karim A. Solvent Processing and Ionic Liquid-Enabled Long-Range Vertical Ordering in Block Copolymer Films with Enhanced Film Stability. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Masud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Maninderjeet Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Wafa Tonny
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Ali Ammar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Kshitij Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Joseph W. Strzalka
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Materials Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Alamgir Karim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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9
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Masud A, Longanecker M, Bhadauriya S, Singh M, Wu W, Sharma K, Terlier T, Al-Enizi AM, Satija S, Douglas JF, Karim A. Ionic Liquid Enhanced Parallel Lamellar Ordering in Block Copolymer Films. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Masud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Melanie Longanecker
- Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | | | - Maninderjeet Singh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Kshitij Sharma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
| | - Tanguy Terlier
- SIMS Laboratory, Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, United States
| | - Abdullah M. Al-Enizi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sushil Satija
- Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-3460, United States
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Materials Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-3460, United States
| | - Alamgir Karim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, United States
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10
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Sharon D, Bennington P, Webb MA, Deng C, de Pablo JJ, Patel SN, Nealey PF. Molecular Level Differences in Ionic Solvation and Transport Behavior in Ethylene Oxide-Based Homopolymer and Block Copolymer Electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3180-3190. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sharon
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter Bennington
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael A. Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 41 Olden St, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Chuting Deng
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Juan J. de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shrayesh N. Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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11
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Freychet G, Maret M, Fernandez‐Regulez M, Tiron R, Gharbi A, Nicolet C, Gergaud P. Morphology of poly(lactide)‐
block
‐poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐
block
‐polylactide high‐
χ
triblock copolymer film studied by grazing incidence small‐angle X‐ray scattering. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raluca Tiron
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC CampusUniversity of Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | - Ahmed Gharbi
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC CampusUniversity of Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | | | - Patrice Gergaud
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC CampusUniversity of Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
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12
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Sharon D, Bennington P, Dolejsi M, Webb MA, Dong BX, de Pablo JJ, Nealey PF, Patel SN. Intrinsic Ion Transport Properties of Block Copolymer Electrolytes. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8902-8914. [PMID: 32496776 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of intrinsic properties is of central importance for materials design and assessing suitability for specific applications. Self-assembling block copolymer electrolytes (BCEs) are of great interest for applications in solid-state energy storage devices. A fundamental understanding of ion transport properties, however, is hindered by the difficulty in deconvoluting extrinsic factors, such as defects, from intrinsic factors, such as the presence of interfaces between the domains. Here, we quantify the intrinsic ion transport properties of a model BCE system consisting of poly(styrene-block-ethylene oxide) (SEO) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt using a generalizable strategy of depositing thin films on interdigitated electrodes and self-assembling fully connected parallel lamellar structures throughout the films. Comparison between conductivity in homopolymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-LiTFSI electrolytes and the analogous conducting material in SEO over a range of salt concentrations (r, molar ratio of lithium ion to ethylene oxide repeat units) and temperatures reveals that between 20% and 50% of the PEO in SEO is inactive. Using mean-field theory calculations of the domain structure and monomer concentration profiles at domain interfaces-both of which vary substantially with salt concentration-the fraction of inactive PEO in the SEO, as derived from conductivity measurements, can be quantitatively reconciled with the fraction of PEO that is mixed with greater than a few volume percent of polystyrene. Despite the detrimental interfacial effects for ion transport in BCEs, the intrinsic conductivity of the SEO studied here (ca. 10-3 S/cm at 90 °C, r = 0.085) is an order of magnitude higher than reported values from bulk samples of similar molecular weight SEO (ca. 10-4 S/cm at 90 °C, r = 0.085). Overall, this work provides motivation and methods for pursuing improved BCE chemical design, interfacial engineering, and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sharon
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Peter Bennington
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Moshe Dolejsi
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael A Webb
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, 50-70 Olden Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Ban Xuan Dong
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Paul F Nealey
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shrayesh N Patel
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Center for Molecular Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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13
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Ding P, Yin X, Wang Q, Kang X, Wu M, Zhu K, Wang X, Wang R, Xue G. Open and Closed Layered Nanostructures with Sub-10 nm Periodicity Self-Assembled from Hydrophilic [60]Fullerene-Based Giant Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7289-7295. [PMID: 32513008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Giant surfactants have been identified as good candidates to produce sub-10 nm elaborate nanostructures, which could potentially realize complex functions in nanofabrication fields. Our theoretical simulation demonstrates the formation of open layered (pupa-like micelles) and closed layered (onion-like micelles) nanostructures, self-assembled from giant surfactants with comparably sized hydrophilic heads tethered by oligomers in solution. Directed by these simulation results, we synthesized giant surfactants consisting of hydrophilic [60]fullerene heads and oligostyrene (OS7) tails and produced the predicted nanostructures with periods of 9.5, 8.3, and 7.5 nm, experimentally. Adjusting the polarity of the solvent and corresponding concentration changed the nanostructures from onion-like micelles with closed layers to pupa-like micelles with open layers. The different morphologies and periods were caused by solvent inclusion and the overlap of OS chains. The above layered nanostructures remained stable after annealing at 120 °C. This work provides insights that computer simulation can play an important role in assisting the design and construction of complicated nanostructures in giant surfactant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peitao Ding
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiangfei Yin
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiyang Kang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Gi Xue
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Nanostructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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14
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Sunday DF, Chen X, Albrecht TR, Nowak D, Delgadillo PR, Dazai T, Miyagi K, Maehashi T, Yamazaki A, Nealey PF, Kline RJ. The Influence of Additives on the Interfacial Width and Line Edge Roughness in Block Copolymer Lithography. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020; 32:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b04833. [PMID: 33100517 PMCID: PMC7580231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The challenges of patterning next generation integrated circuits have driven the semiconductor industry to look outside of traditional lithographic methods in order to continue cost effective size scaling. The directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) is a nanofabrication technique used to reduce the periodicity of patterns prepared with traditional optical methods. BCPs with large interaction parameters (χ eff), provide access to smaller pitches and reduced interface widths. Larger χ eff is also expected to be correlated with reduced line edge roughness (LER), a critical performance parameter in integrated circuits. One approach to increasing χ eff is blending the BCP with a phase selective additive, such as an Ionic liquid (IL). The IL does not impact the etching rates of either phase, and this enables a direct interrogation of whether the change in interface width driven by higher χ eff translates into lower LER. The effect of the IL on the layer thickness and interface width of a BCP are examined, along with the corresponding changes in LER in a DSA patterned sample. The results demonstrate that increased χ eff through additive blending will not necessarily translate to a lower LER, clarifying an important design criterion for future material systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F. Sunday
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
| | - Xuanxuan Chen
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5801 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637
| | | | | | | | - Takahiro Dazai
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-Machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Ken Miyagi
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-Machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Takaya Maehashi
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-Machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Yamazaki
- Tokyo Ohka Kogyo, 1590 Tabata, Samukawa-Machi, Koza-Gun, Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Paul F. Nealey
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5801 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - R. Joseph Kline
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
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15
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Li D, Zhou C, Xiong S, Qu XP, Craig GSW, Nealey PF. Enhanced microphase separation of thin films of low molecular weight block copolymer by the addition of an ionic liquid. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:9991-9996. [PMID: 31755518 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02039j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the use of a selective, non-volatile ionic liquid (IL) to enhance the self-assembly via solvent annealing of a low molecular weight block copolymer (BCP) of styrene and 2-vinylpyridine (2VP) suitable for generating sub-10 nm features. Diblock and triblock copolymers of different molecular weights of styrene and 2VP are individually blended with the IL and then solvent annealed in acetone, a non-preferential solvent for the BCPs. Differential scanning calorimetry indicates that the IL selectively resides in the 2VP block of the BCP, resulting in a decrease of the block's Tg and an increase of the effective Flory-Huggins parameter (χeff) of the BCP. The influence of the IL on the non-preferential window of a random copolymer brush used to treat the substrate for self-assembly of the BCPs is also analyzed. Well-defined lamellar patterns form when the optimal weight ratio of IL (∼1%) is added to the BCPs. A detailed analysis of the orientational correlation length and pitch size of the BCPs quantitatively shows that the addition of the IL enhanced the microphase separation of the low molecular weight version of the BCP. Subsequent treatment of the self-assembled BCP with sequential infiltration synthesis yields sub-10 nm AlOx lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxue Li
- State Key Lab of ASIC and System, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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16
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Hashimoto K, Hirasawa M, Kokubo H, Tamate R, Li X, Shibayama M, Watanabe M. Transport and Mechanical Properties of ABA-type Triblock Copolymer Ion Gels Correlated with Their Microstructures. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Manabu Hirasawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kokubo
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryota Tamate
- Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1, Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Kanagawa, Japan
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Bennett TM, Chambers LC, Thurecht KJ, Jack KS, Blakey I. Dependence of Block Copolymer Domain Spacing and Morphology on the Cation Structure of Ionic Liquid Additives. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Yoshida K, Tian L, Miyagi K, Yamazaki A, Mamiya H, Yamamoto T, Tajima K, Isono T, Satoh T. Facile and Efficient Modification of Polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) for Achieving Sub-10 nm Feature Size. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Yoshida
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
| | - Lin Tian
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
| | - Ken Miyagi
- Next Generation Material Development Division Research & Development Department, Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Yamazaki
- Next Generation Material Development Division Research & Development Department, Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd., Kanagawa 253-0114, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mamiya
- Quantum Beam Unit, Advanced Key Technologies Division, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
| | - Kenji Tajima
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 080-8628, Japan
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