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Feng Z, Xu W, Zhang J, Dai P, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Cui M, Song B, He Y. Mineral acid-triggered multicolor room-temperature phosphorescence nanoprobes for time-resolved bioimaging. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6194-6197. [PMID: 38805249 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01365d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
We present a facile strategy to achieve color-tunability room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) nanoprobes by doping mineral acids (i.e., boric acid and phosphoric acid) in an organic silicon scaffold through a cross-linking process. Such RTP nanoprobes exhibit inherent tunable phosphorescence (from 420-650 nm) with long lifetime (emission lasting for ∼5-15 s, RTP lifetime: ∼0.53-2.11 s) and high quantum yields (∼13.1-43.0%). Therefore, the as-prepared nanoprobes enable multiple imaging in live cells with a high signal-to-background ratio value of ∼52.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixia Feng
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Wenxin Xu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Jinpan Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Peiling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) & Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mingyue Cui
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Bin Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials & Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology (NANO-CIC), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
- Macao Translational Medicine Center, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa 999078, Macau SAR, China
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2
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Hu H, Li J, Gong X. Hour-Level Persistent Multicolor Phosphorescence Enabled by Carbon Dot-Based Nanocomposites Through a Multi-Confinement-Based Approach. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308457. [PMID: 38126697 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hour-level persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) phenomena based on multi-confinement carbon dots (CDs) are reported. The CDs-based system reported here (named Si-CDs@B2O3) can be efficiently synthesized by a simple pyrolysis method compared to the established persistent RTP systems. The binding modes of CDs, silica (SiO2), and boron oxide (B2O3) are deduced from a series of characterizations including XRD, FT-IR, and TEM characterization. Further studies show that the formation of covalent bonds between B2O3, SiO2, and CDs play a key role in activating the persistent RTP and preventing its quenching. This is a rare example of a persistent RTP system that exhibits hourly persistent RTP under environmental conditions. Finally, the applications of Si-CDs@B2O3 are demonstrated for anti-counterfeiting, long-duration phosphorescence imaging, and fingerprinting. This synthetic strategy is expected to provide strong technical support for the preparation of persistent RTP CDs and pave the way for the synthesis of persistent RTP CDs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Jiurong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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3
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Liang YC, Shao HC, Liu KK, Cao Q, Deng Y, Hu YW, Yang K, Jiang LY, Shan CX, Kuang LM, Jing H. Visualizing Motion Trail via Phosphorescence Carbon Nanodots-Based Delay Display Array. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26643-26652. [PMID: 38716902 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
A scene that contains both old and instant events with a clear motion trail is visually intriguing and dynamic, which can convey a sense of change, transition, or evolution. Developing an eco-friendly delay display system offers a powerful tool for fusing old and instant events, which can be used for visualizing motion trails. Herein, we brighten triplet excitons of carbon nanodots (CNDs) and increase their emission yield by a multidimensional confinement strategy, and the CND-based delay display array is demonstrated. The intense confinement effects via multidimensional confinement strategy suppress nonradiative transitions, and 240% enhancement in the phosphorescence efficiency and 260% enhancement in the lifetime of the CNDs are thus realized. Considering their distinctive phosphorescence performances, a delay display array containing a 4 × 4 CND-based delay lighting device is demonstrated, which can provide ultralong phosphorescence over 7 s, and the motion that occurred in different timelines is recorded clearly. This finding will motivate the investigation of phosphorescent CNDs in motion trail recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chuan Liang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hao-Chun Shao
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Li-Ying Jiang
- School of Electronics and Information, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Le-Man Kuang
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Jing
- Academy for Quantum Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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4
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Zhang Q, Xu S, Zhang L, Yang L, Jiang C. Multiemitting Ultralong Phosphorescent Carbonized Polymer Dots via Synergistic Enhancement Structure Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400781. [PMID: 38552147 PMCID: PMC11095232 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Advancing a metal-free room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) material that exhibits multicolor emission, remarkable RTP lifetime, and high quantum yield still faces the challenge of achieving intersystem crossing between singly and triplet excited states, as well as the rapid decay of triplet excited states due to nonradiative losses. In this study, a novel strategy is proposed to address these limitations by incorporating o-phenylenediamine, which generates multiple luminescent centers, and long-chain polyacrylic acid to synthesize carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). These CPDs are then embedded in a rigid B2O3 matrix, effectively limiting nonradiative losses through the synergistic effects of polymer cross-linking and the rigid matrix. The resulting CPD-based materials exhibit remarkable ultralong phosphorescence in shades of blue and lime green, with a visible lifetime of up to 49 s and a high phosphorescence quantum yield. Simultaneously, this study demonstrates the practical applicability of these excellent material properties in anti-counterfeiting and information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Zhang
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Shihao Xu
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Lanpeng Zhang
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230026China
| | - Liang Yang
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
| | - Changlong Jiang
- Institute of Solid State PhysicsHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui230031China
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5
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Fu Q, Lu K, Sun S, Dong Z. Recent advances in fluorescence and afterglow of CDs in matrices. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024. [PMID: 38655703 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00093e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are novel nanomaterials with dimensions less than 10 nm that have attracted much attention due to their outstanding optical properties. However, the development of solid-state fluorescence and afterglow methods has been relatively slow, although the properties of these materials under liquid conditions have been extensively studied. In recent years, embedding CDs in a matrix has been shown to prevent aggregation quenching and inhibit nonradiative transitions, thus realizing solid-state fluorescence and afterglow, which has greatly broadened the research and application areas of CDs. In terms of hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, covalent bonding and spatial confinement, the interactions between CDs and matrices can effectively realize and improve the solid-state fluorescence and afterglow effects of CDs. Recent applications of CDs in matrices in optoelectronics, information security, sensing, biotherapeutics and imaging are also summarized. Finally, we summarize the challenges and developments of CDs in matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kangzhi Lu
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shouhong Sun
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhanhua Dong
- College of Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, People's Republic of China.
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Ai L, Xiang W, Xiao J, Liu H, Yu J, Zhang L, Wu X, Qu X, Lu S. Tailored Fabrication of Full-Color Ultrastable Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots Composites with Unexpected Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401220. [PMID: 38652510 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The development of single-system materials that exhibit both multicolor room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) with tunable after glow colors and channels is challenging. In this study, four metal-free carbon dots (CDs) are developed through structural tailoring, and panchromatic high-brightness RTP is achieved via strong chemical encapsulation in urea. The maximum lifetime and quantum yield reaches 2141 ms and 56.55%, respectively. Moreover, CDs-IV@urea, prepared via coreshell interaction engineering, exhibits a dual afterglow of red RTP and green TADF. The degree of conjugation and functional groups of precursors affects the binding interactions of the nitrogen cladding on CDs, which in turn stabilizes triplet energy levels and affects the energy gap between S1 and T1 (ΔEST) to induce multicolor RTP. The enhanced wrapping interaction lowers the ΔEST, promoting reverse intersystem crossing, which leads to phosphorescence and TADF. This strong coreshell interaction fully stabilizes the triplet state, thus stabilizing the material in water, even in extreme environments such as strong acids and oxidants. These afterglow materials are tested in multicolor, time, and temperature multiencryption as well as in multicolor in vivo bioimaging. Hence, these materials have promising practical applications in information security as well as biomedical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ai
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenjuan Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiping Xiao
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huimin Liu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jingkun Yu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xueting Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoli Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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Wu P, Li P, Chen M, Rao J, Chen G, Bian J, Lü B, Peng F. 3D Printed Room Temperature Phosphorescence Materials Enabled by Edible Natural Konjac Glucomannan. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2402666. [PMID: 38632497 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202402666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Shaping room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials into 3D bodies is important for stereoscopic optoelectronic displays but remains challenging due to their poor processability and mechanical properties. Here, konjac glucomannan (KGM) is employed to anchor arylboronic acids with various π conjugations via a facile B─O covalent reaction to afford printable inks, using which full-color high-fidelity 3D RTP objects with high mechanical strength can be obtained via direct ink writing-based 3D printing and freeze-drying. The doubly rigid structure supplied by the synergy of hydrogen bonding and B─O covalent bonding can protect the triplet excitons; thus, the prepared 3D RTP object shows a striking lifetime of 2.14 s. The printed counterparts are successfully used for 3D anti-counterfeiting and can be recycled and reprinted nondestructively by dissolving in water. This success expands the scope of printable 3D luminescent materials, providing an eco-friendly platform for the additive manufacturing of sophisticated 3D RTP architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Pengyu Li
- Division of Analysis, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100013, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Analytical Instrumentation Center of Peking, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Gegu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Baozhong Lü
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing, 100083, China
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8
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Sk B, Hirata S. Symmetry-Breaking Triplet Excited State Enhances Red Afterglow Enabling Ubiquitous Afterglow Readout. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308897. [PMID: 38311585 PMCID: PMC11005713 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Molecular vibrations are often factors that deactivate luminescence. However, if there are molecular motion elements that enhance luminescence, it may be possible to utilize molecular movement as a design guideline to enhance luminescence. Here, the authors report a large contribution of symmetry-breaking molecular motion that enhances red persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in donor-π-donor conjugated chromophores. The deuterated form of the donor-π-donor chromophore exhibits efficient red persistent RTP with a yield of 21% and a lifetime of 1.6 s. A dynamic calculation of the phosphorescence rate constant (kp) indicates that the symmetry-breaking movement has a crucial role in selectively facilitating kp without increasing nonradiative transition from the lowest triplet excited state. Molecules exhibiting efficient red persistent RTP enable long-wavelength excitation, indicating the suitability of observing afterglow readout in a bright indoor environment with a white-light-emitting diode flashlight, greatly expanding the range of anti-counterfeiting applications that use afterglow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahadur Sk
- Department of Engineering ScienceThe University of Electro‐Communications1‐5‐1 Chofugaoka, ChofuTokyo182‐8585Japan
| | - Shuzo Hirata
- Department of Engineering ScienceThe University of Electro‐Communications1‐5‐1 Chofugaoka, ChofuTokyo182‐8585Japan
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Zheng GS, Shen CL, Niu CY, Lou Q, Jiang TC, Li PF, Shi XJ, Song RW, Deng Y, Lv CF, Liu KK, Zang JH, Cheng Z, Dong L, Shan CX. Photooxidation triggered ultralong afterglow in carbon nanodots. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2365. [PMID: 38491012 PMCID: PMC10943204 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
It remains a challenge to obtain biocompatible afterglow materials with long emission wavelengths, durable lifetimes, and good water solubility. Herein we develop a photooxidation strategy to construct near-infrared afterglow carbon nanodots with an extra-long lifetime of up to 5.9 h, comparable to that of the well-known rare-earth or organic long-persistent luminescent materials. Intriguingly, size-dependent afterglow lifetime evolution from 3.4 to 5.9 h has been observed from the carbon nanodots systems in aqueous solution. With structural/ultrafast dynamics analysis and density functional theory simulations, we reveal that the persistent luminescence in carbon nanodots is activated by a photooxidation-induced dioxetane intermediate, which can slowly release and convert energy into luminous emission via the steric hindrance effect of nanoparticles. With the persistent near-infrared luminescence, tissue penetration depth of 20 mm can be achieved. Thanks to the high signal-to-background ratio, biological safety and cancer-specific targeting ability of carbon nanodots, ultralong-afterglow guided surgery has been successfully performed on mice model to remove tumor tissues accurately, demonstrating potential clinical applications. These results may facilitate the development of long-lasting luminescent materials for precision tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Song Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chun-Yao Niu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Tian-Ci Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Shi
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Run-Wei Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chao-Fan Lv
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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10
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Liao Z, Wang Y, Lu Y, Zeng R, Li L, Chen H, Song Q, Wang K, Zheng J. Covalently hybridized carbon dots@mesoporous silica nanobeads as a robust and versatile phosphorescent probe for time-resolved biosensing and bioimaging. Analyst 2024; 149:1473-1480. [PMID: 38294023 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01935g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorescence analyses have attracted broad attention due to their remarkable merits of the elimination of auto-fluorescence and scattering light. However, it remains a great challenge to develop novel materials with uniform size and morphology, stability, long lifetime, and aqueous-phase room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) characteristics. Herein, monodisperse and uniform RTP nanobeads were fabricated by an in situ covalent hybridization of carbon dots (CDs) and dendritic mesoporous silicon nanoparticles (DMSNs) via silane hydrolysis. The formation of Si-O-C and Si-C/N covalent bonds is beneficial for the fixation of vibrations and rotations of the luminescent centers. Specially, the nanopores of DMSNs provide a confined area that can isolate the triplet state of CDs from water and oxygen and thus ensure the occurrence of aqueous-phase RTP with an ultra-long lifetime of 1.195 s (seen by the naked eye up to 9 seconds). Through surface modifying folic acid (FA), CDs@DMSNs can serve as a probe to distinguish different cell lines that feature varying FA receptor expression levels. In addition, taking MCF-7 as the model, highly sensitive and quantitative detection (linear range: 103-106 cells per mL) has been achieved via an RTP probe. Furthermore, their potential applications in cellular and in vivo time-gated phosphorescence imaging have been proposed and demonstrated, respectively. This work would provide a new route to design CD-based RTP composites and promote their further applications in the medical and biological fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Liao
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo 315302, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lu
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Ruoxi Zeng
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Lin Li
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Chen
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Qingwei Song
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Kaizhe Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo 315302, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Zheng
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo 315201, P. R. China.
- Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ningbo 315302, P. R. China
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11
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Li J, Feng Z, Zhou S, Zeng L, Yang X. Activating the room-temperature phosphorescence of carbon dots for the dual-signal detection of tetracycline and information encryption. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123592. [PMID: 37925955 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) with room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) attract the numerous explorations owing to their promising prospects in multiple fields, howbeit, their phosphorescence in aqueous barely lasts for long due to the quenching effects originated from the dissolved oxygen, and thus it is of a great challenge to acquire the water-soluble phosphorescent CDs. We here proposed one kind of solid-state RTP CDs through a microwave strategy using tetraethylenepentamine and phosphoric acid as the precursors. Significantly, we further employed tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the matrix, which could encapsulate the previous CDs, thus facilitating the formation of the compact structure and activating their long-lived and high-efficiency phosphorescence in aqueous. On the basis of their fluorescence and phosphorescence, a dual-signal strategy of detecting tetracycline by CDs@TEOS was successfully established, and this detection exhibited a fluorescent linear-range of 2 nM to 90 μM as well as a phosphorescent linear-range of 30 nM to 300 μM towards assaying tetracycline, broadening the dual-signal ways of assaying tetracycline. Additionally, the CDs prepared here showed the great potential of serving as the RTP ink for the information encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Zhiying Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Sen Zhou
- Chongqing Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Chongqing 401121, China.
| | - Linggao Zeng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring of Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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12
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Zhao H, Jia X, Zhang M, Zhu L. Construction of Carbon Dots@LiCl-polyacrylamide with Humidity-Induced Ultralong Room-Temperature Phosphorescence to Fluorescence and Rigid-to-Flexible Transition Behavior. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300538. [PMID: 37877956 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The continuous advancement of luminescent materials has placed increasingly stringent requirements on dynamic color-tunable ultralong room-temperature phosphorescence (URTP) materials that can respond to external stimuli. Nevertheless, endowing URTP materials with stimuli-response-induced dynamic color tuning is a challenging task. This study introduces a carbon dots (CDs)@LiCl-polyacrylamide (PAM) polymer system that switches from URTP to fluorescence under humidity stimuli, accompanied by a transition from rigidity to flexibility. The obtained rigid CDs@LiCl-PAM exhibits ultralong green phosphorescence with a lifetime of 560 ms in the initial state. After absorbing moisture, it becomes flexible and its phosphorescence switches off. Moreover, the emission of the CDs@LiCl-PAM film depends on the excitation wavelength. This property can potentially used in multicolored luminescence applications and displays. Moreover, multicolor luminescent patterns can be constructed in situ using the water-absorption ability of the obtained thin film and the Förster resonance energy-transfer strategy. The proposed strategy is expected to promote the interdisciplinary development of intelligent information encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and smart flexible display materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, College of Future Technical, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaoyong Jia
- Henan Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, College of Future Technical, Henan University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liangliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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13
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Dai XY, Song Q, Zhou WL, Liu Y. Cucurbit[8]uril Confinement-Based Secondary Coassembly for High-Efficiency Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Behavior. JACS AU 2024; 4:216-227. [PMID: 38274263 PMCID: PMC10806769 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous supramolecular long-lived near-infrared (NIR) material is highly attractive but still remains great challenge. Herein, we report cucurbit[8]uril confinement-based secondary coassembly for achieving NIR phosphorescence energy transfer in water, which is fabricated from dicationic dodecyl-chain-bridged 4-(4-bromophenyl)-pyridine derivative (G), cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), and polyelectrolyte poly(4-styrene-sulfonic sodium) (PSS) via the hierarchical confinement strategy. As compared to the dumbbell-shaped G, the formation of unprecedented linear polypseudorotaxane G⊂CB[8] with nanofiber morphology engenders an emerging phosphorescent emission at 510 nm due to the macrocyclic confinement effect. Moreover, benefiting from the following secondary assembly confinement, such tight polypseudorotaxane G⊂CB[8] can further assemble with anionic polyelectrolyte PSS to yield uniform spherical nanoparticle, thereby significantly strengthening phosphorescence performance with an extended lifetime (i.e., 2.39 ms, c.f., 45.0 μs). Subsequently, the organic dye Rhodamine 800 serving as energy acceptor can be slightly doped into the polyelectrolyte assembly, which enables the occurrence of efficient phosphorescence energy transfer process with efficiency up to 80.1% at a high donor/acceptor ratio, and concurrently endows the final system with red-shifted and long-lived NIR emission (710 nm). Ultimately, the as-prepared assembly is successfully exploited as versatile imaging agent for NIR window labeling and detecting in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- School
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical
Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P. R. China
| | - Qi Song
- School
of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical
Sciences, Taian, Shandong 271016, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Lei Zhou
- College
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
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14
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Shi M, Gao Q, Rao J, Lv Z, Chen M, Chen G, Bian J, Ren J, Lü B, Peng F. Confinement-Modulated Clusterization-Triggered Time-Dependent Phosphorescence Color from Xylan-Carbonized Polymer Dots. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1294-1304. [PMID: 38054299 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving time-dependent phosphorescence color (TDPC) in organic materials is attractive but extremely challenging due to the nonradiative decay and modulation puzzle of triplet state. Herein, xylan, a hemicellulose waste from the paper mill, was used to construct carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) with clusterization-triggered room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). CPDs were endowed with tuneable triplet energy levels by through-space conjugation of heteroatom groups, which could be confined in silica to simultaneously activate surface oxide-related low-energy and cross-linked core N-related high-energy emissive centers. Thus, the blue emissive center with a lifetime of 425.6 ms and green emissive center with a longer lifetime of 1506 ms coexisted in the confined CPDs; the former was the dominant contribution to RTP at first, and the latter became dominant over time, leading to a typical TDPC evolution with large color contrast from blue to blue-green and then to green. Meanwhile, the TDPC could remain unobstructed after the confined CPDs were soaked in water for more than a month. The CPDs were successfully applied in location and deformation imaging of hydrogel and advanced dynamic information encryption and anticounterfeiting. The work may shed new light on the design of TDPC materials and broaden the high-value use of paper-mill waste xylan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meichao Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Rao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ziwen Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Analytical Instrumentation Center of Peking, Peking University Beijing 100871, China
| | - Gegu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Baozhong Lü
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China
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15
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Lu F, Xu X, Zhu X, Shen L, Wan W, Hu M. Based on FRET to construct color-tunable ultralong lifetime room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots in aqueous solution. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123404. [PMID: 37722162 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) Carbon Dots have been capturing increasing attention in recent years, while building a general method to adjust the emission color of RTP carbon dots is still a big challenge. Herein we report a simple method that combine the carbon nanodots and dyes (R6G and DCF) in SiO2 nanosphere to get a series of multicolor RTP nanodots (CD@SiO2@dye) with long lifetime in aqueous solution. Leverage on chitosan quaternary ammonium as matrix and diethylenetriamine as N-doping resource to form a cross-linked skeleton as a luminescent center (namely CD), and a rigid network is formed by silica encapsulation (CD@SiO2) to restrict the non-radiative transition process to generate the phosphorescence. The CD-based composites, with 1.10 s green (503 nm) phosphorescence emission, serve as activator to stimulate the corresponding luminescence of organic dyes. Then, based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) process from CDs (as donor) to organic dyes (as acceptor) under UV excitation, the CD@SiO2@R6G emit ultra-long lifetime (1.13 s) orange-yellow (570 nm) afterglow, and CD@SiO2@DCF emit ultra-long lifetime (1.20 s) yellow-green afterglow (530 nm). Furthermore, it also achieves RTP colors control when the ratio of CDs and the dyes changes, the ratio of green emission and dye's emission activated by CDs will gradually change as well. These kinds of materials keep the inherent advantages of low toxicity and luminous stability, and achieve adjustable RTP color in aqueous solution. Our research provides a strategy to synthesize water-soluble long-life RTP CDs with adjustable color and lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lu
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Xinhuan Xu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Xingdong Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Linxin Shen
- School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Weizheng Wan
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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16
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He X, Zheng Y, Hu C, Lei B, Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhuang J. The afterglow of carbon dots shining in inorganic matrices. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:113-133. [PMID: 37856234 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new type of quasi-spherical and zero-dimension carbon nanomaterial with a diameter less than 10 nm. They exhibit a broad absorption spanning from the ultraviolet (UV) to visible light regions and inspire growing interests due to their excellent performance. In recent years, it was identified that the CDs embedded in various inorganic matrices (IMs) can effectively activate afterglow emission by suppressing the nonradiative transitions of molecules and protecting the triplet excitons of CDs, which hold broad application prospects. Herein, recent advances in CDs@IMs are reviewed in detail, and the interaction and luminescence mechanisms between CDs and IMs are also summarized. We highlight the synthetic strategies of constructing composites and the roles of IMs in facilitating the applications of CDs in diverse areas. Finally, some directions and challenges of future research in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan He
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yihao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Chaofan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jianle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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17
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Hu H, Wu Y, Gong X. Organosilicon-Based Carbon Dots and Their Versatile Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305933. [PMID: 37661362 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are a newly discovered type of fluorescent material that has gained significant attention due to their exceptional optical properties, biocompatibility, and other remarkable characteristics. However, single CDs have some drawbacks such as self-quenching, low quantum yield (QY), and poor stability. To address these issues, researchers have turned to organosilicon, which is known for its green, economical, and abundant properties. Organosilicon is widely used in various fields including optics, electronics, and biology. By utilizing organosilicon as a synthetic precursor, the biocompatibility, QY, and resistance to self-quenching of CDs can be improved. Meanwhile, the combination of organosilicon with CDs enables the functionalization of CDs, which significantly expands their original application scenarios. This paper comprehensively analyzes organosilicon in two main categories: precursors for CD synthesis and matrix materials for compounding with CDs. The role of organosilicon in these categories is thoroughly reviewed. In addition, the paper presents various applications of organosilicon compounded CDs, including detection and sensing, anti-counterfeiting, optoelectronic applications, and biological applications. Finally, the paper briefly discusses current development challenges and future directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
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18
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Chang B, Chen J, Bao J, Sun T, Cheng Z. Molecularly Engineered Room-Temperature Phosphorescence for Biomedical Application: From the Visible toward Second Near-Infrared Window. Chem Rev 2023; 123:13966-14037. [PMID: 37991875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence, characterized by luminescent lifetimes significantly longer than that of biological autofluorescence under ambient environment, is of great value for biomedical applications. Academic evidence of fluorescence imaging indicates that virtually all imaging metrics (sensitivity, resolution, and penetration depths) are improved when progressing into longer wavelength regions, especially the recently reported second near-infrared (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) window. Although the emission wavelength of probes does matter, it is not clear whether the guideline of "the longer the wavelength, the better the imaging effect" is still suitable for developing phosphorescent probes. For tissue-specific bioimaging, long-lived probes, even if they emit visible phosphorescence, enable accurate visualization of large deep tissues. For studies dealing with bioimaging of tiny biological architectures or dynamic physiopathological activities, the prerequisite is rigorous planning of long-wavelength phosphorescence, being aware of the cooperative contribution of long wavelengths and long lifetimes for improving the spatiotemporal resolution, penetration depth, and sensitivity of bioimaging. In this Review, emerging molecular engineering methods of room-temperature phosphorescence are discussed through the lens of photophysical mechanisms. We highlight the roles of phosphorescence with emission from visible to NIR-II windows toward bioapplications. To appreciate such advances, challenges and prospects in rapidly growing studies of room-temperature phosphorescence are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jiasheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, Shandong 264000, China
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19
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Zhao WB, Wang Y, Li FK, Guo R, Jiao FH, Song SY, Chang SL, Dong L, Liu KK, Shan CX. Highly Antibacterial and Antioxidative Carbon Nanodots/Silk Fibroin Films for Fruit Preservation. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11755-11762. [PMID: 38091579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The issues of fruit waste and safety resulting from rot have spurred a demand for improved packaging systems. Herein, we present highly antibacterial and antioxidative carbon nanodot/silk fibroin (CD/SF) films for fruit preservation. The films are composed of CDs and SF together with a small amount of glycerol via hydrogen bonding, exhibiting outstanding biosafety, transparency, and stretchability. The films effectively integrate key functionalities (atmosphere control, resistance to food-borne pathogens, and antioxidation properties) and can be manufactured in large sizes (about 20 × 30 cm), boasting a transmission rate of 13 183 cm3/m2·day for oxygen and 2860 g/m2·day for water vapor, favoring the preservation of fresh fruits. A convenient dip-coating method enables in situ fabrication of films with a thickness of approximately 14 μm directly on the fruits' surface providing comprehensive protection. Importantly, the films are washable and biodegradable. This work presents a promising technology to produce multifunctional and eco-friendly antibacterial packaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bo Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Fu-Kui Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Fu-Hang Jiao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shi-Yu Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Shu-Long Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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20
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Song RW, Shen CL, Zheng GS, Ni QC, Liu KK, Zang JH, Dong L, Lou Q, Shan CX. Supramolecular Aggregation of Carbon Nanodots. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11669-11677. [PMID: 38060996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular aggregation has provided the archetype concept to understand the variants in an emerging systems property. Herein, we have achieved the supramolecular assembly of carbon nanodots (CDs) for the first time and employ supramolecular aggregation to understand their alteration in photophysical properties. In detail, we have employed the CDs as a block to construct the supramolecular assembly of aggregates in the CDs' antisolvent of ethanol. The CD-based aggregates exhibit complex and organized morphologies with another long-wavelength excitation-dependent emission band. The experimental results and density functional theoretical calculations reveal that the supramolecular assembly of CDs can decrease the energy gap between the ground and excited states, contributing to the new long-wavelength excitation-dependent emission. The supramolecular aggregation can be employed as one universal strategy to manipulate and understand the luminescence of CDs. These findings cast new light to build the emerging systems and understand the light emission of CDs through supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Wei Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Cheng-Long Shen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Guang-Song Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing-Chao Ni
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
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21
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Dai XY, Huo M, Liu Y. Phosphorescence resonance energy transfer from purely organic supramolecular assembly. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:854-874. [PMID: 37993737 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescence energy transfer systems have been applied in encryption, biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. These systems exhibit ultra-large Stokes shifts, high quantum yields and are colour-tuneable with long-wavelength afterglow fluorescence (particularly in the near-infrared) under ambient conditions. This review discusses triplet-to-singlet PRET or triplet-to-singlet-to-singlet cascaded PRET systems based on macrocyclic or assembly-confined purely organic phosphorescence introducing the critical toles of supramolecular noncovalent interactions in the process. These interactions promote intersystem crossing, restricting the motion of phosphors, minimizing non-radiative decay and organizing donor-acceptor pairs in close proximity. We discuss the applications of these systems and focus on the challenges ahead in facilitating their further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
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22
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Gao Q, Shi M, Chen M, Hao X, Chen G, Bian J, Lü B, Ren J, Peng F. Facile Preparation of Full-Color Tunable Room Temperature Phosphorescence Cellulose via Click Chemistry. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2309131. [PMID: 37967324 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable long-lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with color-tunable afterglows are attractive but rarely reported. Here, cellulose is reconstructed by directed redox to afford ample active hydroxyl groups and water-solubility; arylboronic acids with various π conjugations can be facilely anchored to reconstructed cellulose via click chemistry within 1 min in pure water, resulting in full-color tunable RTP cellulose. The rigid environment provided by the B─O covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds can stabilize the triplet excitons, thus the target cellulose displays outstanding RTP performances with the lifetime of 2.67 s, phosphorescence quantum yield of 9.37%, and absolute afterglow luminance of 348 mcd m-2 . Furthermore, due to the formation of various emissive species, the smart RTP cellulose shows excitation- and time-dependent afterglows. Taking advantages of sustainability, ultralong lifetime, and full-color tunable afterglows, et al, the environmentally friendly RTP cellulose is successfully used for nontoxic afterglow inks, delay lighting, and afterglow display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Meichao Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Mingxing Chen
- Analytical Instrumentation Center of Peking University, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiang Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Gegu Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Baozhong Lü
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junli Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing, 100083, China
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23
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Yang X, Waterhouse GIN, Lu S, Yu J. Recent advances in the design of afterglow materials: mechanisms, structural regulation strategies and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:8005-8058. [PMID: 37880991 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00993e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Afterglow materials are attracting widespread attention owing to their distinctive and long-lived optical emission properties which create exciting opportunities in various fields. Recent research has led to the discovery of many new afterglow materials featuring high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) and lifetimes of up to several hours under ambient conditions. Afterglow materials are typically categorized according to their luminescence mechanism, such as long-persistent luminescence (LPL), room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), or thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). Through rational design and novel synthetic strategies to modulate spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and populate triplet exciton states (T1), luminophores with long lifetimes and bright afterglow characteristics can be realized. Initial research towards afterglow materials focused mainly on pure inorganic materials, many of which possessed inherent disadvantages such as metal toxicity or low energy emissions. In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials (OIHAMs) have been developed with high PLQY and long lifetimes. These hybrid materials exploit the tunable structure and easy processing of organic molecules, as well as enhanced SOC and intersystem crossing (ISC) processes involving heavy atom dopants, to achieve excellent afterglow performance. In this review, we begin by briefly discussing the structure and composition of inorganic and organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including strategies for regulating their lifetime, PLQY and luminescence wavelength. The specific advantages of organic-inorganic hybrid afterglow materials, including low manufacturing costs, diverse molecular/electronic structures, tunable structures and optical properties, and compatibility with a variety of substrates, are emphasized. Subsequently, we discuss in detail the fundamental mechanisms used by afterglow materials, their classification, design principles, and end applications (including sensing, anticounterfeiting, and photoelectric devices, among others). Finally, existing challenges and promising future directions are discussed, laying a platform for the design of afterglow materials for specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | | | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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24
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Luo X, Tian B, Zhai Y, Guo H, Liu S, Li J, Li S, James TD, Chen Z. Room-temperature phosphorescent materials derived from natural resources. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:800-812. [PMID: 37749285 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have enormous potential in many different areas. Additionally, the conversion of natural resources to RTP materials has attracted considerable attention. Owing to their inherent luminescent properties, natural materials can be efficiently converted into sustainable RTP materials. However, to date, only a few reviews have focused on this area of endeavour. Motivated by this lack of coverage, in this Review, we address this shortcoming and introduce the types of natural resource available for the preparation of RTP materials. We mainly focus on the inherent advantages of natural resources for RTP materials, strategies for activating and enhancing the RTP properties of the natural resources as well as the potential applications of these RTP materials. In addition, we discuss future challenges and opportunities in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongda Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, P. R. China.
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.
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25
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Zhou S, Wang F, Feng N, Xu A, Sun X, Zhou J, Li H. Room Temperature Phosphorescence Carbon Dots: Preparations, Regulations, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301240. [PMID: 37086135 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have drawn considerable attention by virtue of their outstanding features. Compared with organometallic complexes and pure organic compounds, carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a new type of RTP materials, which show great advantages, such as moderate reaction condition, low toxicity, low cost, and tunable optical properties. In this review, the important progress made in RTP CDs is summarized, with an emphasis on the latest developments. The synthetic strategies of RTP CDs will be comprehensively summarized, followed by detailed introduction of their performance regulation and potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, sensing, light-emitting diodes, and biomedicine. Finally, the remaining major challenges for RTP CDs are discussed and new opportunities in the future are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengju Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Feixiang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Ning Feng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Aoxue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255000, P. R. China
| | - Hongguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, P. R. China
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26
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Zhai Y, Li S, Li J, Liu S, James TD, Sessler JL, Chen Z. Room temperature phosphorescence from natural wood activated by external chloride anion treatment. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2614. [PMID: 37147300 PMCID: PMC10162966 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37762-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Producing afterglow room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) from natural sources is an attractive approach to sustainable RTP materials. However, converting natural resources to RTP materials often requires toxic reagents or complex processing. Here we report that natural wood may be converted into a viable RTP material by treating with magnesium chloride. Specifically, immersing natural wood into an aqueous MgCl2 solution at room temperature produces so-called C-wood containing chloride anions that act to promote spin orbit coupling (SOC) and increase the RTP lifetime. Produced in this manner, C-wood exhibits an intense RTP emission with a lifetime of ~ 297 ms (vs. the ca. 17.5 ms seen for natural wood). As a demonstration of potential utility, an afterglow wood sculpture is prepared in situ by simply spraying the original sculpture with a MgCl2 solution. C-wood was also mixed with polypropylene (PP) to generate printable afterglow fibers suitable for the fabrication of luminescent plastics via 3D printing. We anticipate that the present study will facilitate the development of sustainable RTP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxiang Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th Street, A5300, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Zhijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China.
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27
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Song SY, Liu KK, Mao X, Cao Q, Li N, Zhao WB, Wang Y, Liang YC, Zang JH, Li X, Lou Q, Dong L, Shan CX. Colorful Triplet Excitons in Carbon Nanodots for Time Delay Lighting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212286. [PMID: 36840606 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Time delay lighting offers an added period of buffer illumination for human eyes upon switching off the light. Long-lifetime emission from triplet excitons has outstanding potential, but the forbidden transition property due to the Pauli exclusion principle makes them dark, and it stays challenging to develop full-color and bright triplet excitons. Herein, triplet excitons emission from ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared (NIR) in carbon nanodots (CNDs) is achieved by confining multicolor CNDs emitters in NaCNO crystal. NaCNO crystal can isolate the CNDs, triplet excitons quenching caused by the excited state electrons aggregation induced energy transfer is suppressed, and the confinement crystal can furthermore promote phosphorescence of the CNDs by inhibiting the dissipation of the triplet excitons due to non-radiative transition. The phosphorescence from radiative recombination of triplet excitons in the CNDs covers the spectral region from 300 nm (UV) to 800 nm (NIR), the corresponding lifetimes can reach 15.8, 818.0, 239.7, 168.4, 426.4, and 127.6 ms. Furthermore, the eco-friendly luminescent lampshades are designed based on the multicolor phosphorescent CNDs, time delay light-emitting diodes are thus demonstrated. The findings will motivate new opportunities for the development of UV to NIR phosphorescent CNDs and time delay lighting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xin Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Na Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya-Chuang Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xing Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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28
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Lou Q, Chen N, Zhu J, Liu K, Li C, Zhu Y, Xu W, Chen X, Song Z, Liang C, Shan CX, Hu J. Thermally Enhanced and Long Lifetime Red TADF Carbon Dots via Multi-Confinement and Phosphorescence Assisted Energy Transfer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211858. [PMID: 36893767 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials, which can harvest both singlet and triplet excitons for high-efficiency emission, have attracted widespread concern for their enormous applications. Nevertheless, luminescence thermal quenching severely limits the efficiency and operating stability in TADF materials and devices at high temperature. Herein, a surface engineering strategy is adopted to obtain unique carbon dots (CDs)-based thermally enhanced TADF materials with ≈250% enhancement from 273 to 343 K via incorporating seed CDs into ionic crystal network. The rigid crystal network can simultaneously boost reverse intersystem crossing process via enhancing spin-orbit coupling between singlet and triplet states and suppressing non-radiative transition rate, contributing to the thermally enhanced TADF character. Benefiting from efficient energy transfer from triplet states of phosphorescence center to singlet states of CDs, TADF emission at ≈600 nm in CDs displays a long lifetime up to 109.6 ms, outperforming other red organic TADF materials. Thanks to variable decay rates of the delayed emission centers, time and temperature-dependent delayed emission color has been first realized in CDs-based delayed emission materials. The CDs with thermally enhanced and time-/temperature-dependent emission in one material system can offer new opportunities in information protection and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lou
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Niu Chen
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Jinyang Zhu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, P. R. China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, P. R. China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials & Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Zhijiang Song
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Changhao Liang
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Hu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
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29
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Mao X, Liu KK, Cao Q, Song SY, Liang YC, Hu YW, Chang SL, Liao J, Shan CX. Paper-Fiber-Activated Triplet Excitons of Carbon Nanodots for Time-Resolved Anti-counterfeiting Signature with Artificial Intelligence Authentication. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20302-20309. [PMID: 37042513 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The easy-to-imitate character of a personal signature may cause significant economy loss due to the lack of speed and strength information. In this work, we report a time-resolved anti-counterfeiting signature strategy with artificial intelligence (AI) authentication based on the designed luminescent carbon nanodot (CND) ink, whose triplet excitons can be activated by the bonding between the paper fibers and the CNDs. Paper fibers can bond with the CNDs through multiple hydrogen bonds, and the activated triplet excitons release photons for about 13 s; thus, the speed and strength of the signature are recorded through recording the changes in luminescence intensity over time. The background noise from commercial paper fluorescence is completely suppressed, benefiting from the long phosphorescence lifetime of the CNDs. In addition, a reliable AI authentication method with quick response based on a convolutional neural network is developed, and 100% identification accuracy of the signature based on the CND ink is achieved, which is higher than that of the signature with commercial ink (78%). This strategy can also be expanded for painting, calligraphy identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shi-Yu Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ya-Chuan Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yan-Wei Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shu-Long Chang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Juan Liao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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30
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Nie F, Wang KZ, Yan D. Supramolecular glasses with color-tunable circularly polarized afterglow through evaporation-induced self-assembly of chiral metal-organic complexes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1654. [PMID: 36964159 PMCID: PMC10039082 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The fabrication of chiral molecules into macroscopic systems has many valuable applications, especially in the fields of optical displays, data encryption, information storage, and so on. Here, we design and prepare a serious of supramolecular glasses (SGs) based on Zn-L-Histidine complexes, via an evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) strategy. Metal-ligand interactions between the zinc(II) ion and chiral L-Histidine endow the SGs with interesting circularly polarized afterglow (CPA). Multicolored CPA emissions from blue to red with dissymmetry factor as high as 9.5 × 10-3 and excited-state lifetime up to 356.7 ms are achieved under ambient conditions. Therefore, this work not only communicates the bulk SGs with wide-tunable afterglow and large circular polarization, but also provides an EISA method for the macroscopic self-assembly of chiral metal-organic hybrids toward photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Nie
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China.
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Lu D, Lu K, Wen HT, Wei Z, Bianco A, Wang GG, Zhang HY. Synthesis of Visible Light Excitable Carbon Dot Phosphor-Al 2 O 3 Hybrids for Anti-Counterfeiting and Information Encryption. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207046. [PMID: 36960674 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots still faces great challenges, especially in the case of carbon dots endowed of visible-light excitable room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). To date, a limited number of substrates have been exploited to synthesize room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots, and most of them can emit RTP only in solid state. Here, the synthesis of a composite obtained from the calcination of green carbon dots (g-CDs) blended with aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3 ) is reported. The resultant hybrid material g-CDs@Al2 O3 exhibits blue fluorescence and green RTP emissions in an on/off switch process at 365 nm. Notably, this composite manifests strong resistance to extreme acid and basic conditions up to 30 days of treatment. The dense structure of Al2 O3 formed by calcination contributes to the phosphorescent emission of g-CDs. Surprisingly, g-CDs@Al2 O3 can also emit yellow RTP under irradiation with white light. The multicolor emissions can be employed for anti-counterfeiting and information encryption. This work provides a straightforward approach to produce room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Ke Lu
- School of Advanced Materials, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Tao Wen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Wei
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Gui-Gen Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Yu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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Shi H, Wu Y, Xu J, Shi H, An Z. Recent Advances of Carbon Dots with Afterglow Emission. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2207104. [PMID: 36810867 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have gradually become a new generation of nano-luminescent materials, which have received extensive attention due to excellent optical properties, wide source of raw materials, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. In recent years, there are many reports on the luminescent phenomenon of CDs, and great progress has been achieved. However,there are rarely systematic summaries on CDs with persistent luminescence. Here, a summary of the recent progress on persistent luminescent CDs, including luminous mechanism, synthetic strategies, property regulation, and potential applications, is given. First, a brief introduction is given to the development of CDs luminescent materials. Then, the luminous mechanism of afterglow CDs from room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), delayed fluorescence (DF), and long persistent luminescence (LPL) is discussed. Next, the constructed methods of luminescent CDs materials are summarized from two aspects, including matrix-free self-protected and matrix-protected CDs. Moreover, the regulation of afterglow properties from color, lifetime, and efficiency is presented. Afterwards, the potential applications of CDs, such as anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, sensing, bio-imaging, multicolor display, LED devices, etc., are reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the development of CDs materials and applications is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Shi
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Huifang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhongfu An
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
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Song Z, Shang Y, Lou Q, Zhu J, Hu J, Xu W, Li C, Chen X, Liu K, Shan CX, Bai X. A Molecular Engineering Strategy for Achieving Blue Phosphorescent Carbon Dots with Outstanding Efficiency above 50. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2207970. [PMID: 36413559 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202207970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Highly efficient emission has been a long-lasting pursuit for carbon dots (CDs) owing to their enormous potential in optoelectronic applications. Nevertheless, their room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) performance still largely lags behind their outstanding fluorescence emission, especially in the blue spectral region. Herein, high-efficiency blue RTP CDs have been designed and constructed via a simple molecular engineering strategy, enabling CDs with an unprecedented phosphorescence quantum efficiency of to 50.17% and a long lifetime of 2.03 s. This treating route facilitates the formation of high-density (n, π*) configurations in the CD π-π conjugate system through the introduction of abundant functional groups, which can evoke a strong spin-orbit coupling and further promote the intersystem crossing from singlet to triplet excited states and radiative recombination from triplet excited states to ground state. With blue phosphorescent CDs as triplet donors, green, red, and white afterglow composites are successfully fabricated via effective phosphorescence Förster resonance energy transfer. Importantly, the color temperature of the white afterglow emission can be widely and facilely tuned from cool white to pure white and warm white. Moreover, advanced information encryption, light illumination, and afterglow/dynamic visual display have been demonstrated when using these multicolor-emitting CD-based afterglow systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Song
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Shang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Qing Lou
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Jinyang Zhu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Junhua Hu
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
- Longzihu New Energy Laboratory, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Wen Xu
- Key Laboratory of New Energy and Rare Earth Resource Utilization of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Photosensitive Materials and Devices of Liaoning Province, School of Physics and Materials Engineering, Dalian Minzu University, 18 Liaohe West Road, Dalian, 116600, P. R. China
| | - Changchang Li
- State Centre for International Cooperation on Designer Low-Carbon & Environmental Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, P. R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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Yu X, Liu K, Wang B, Zhang H, Qi Y, Yu J. Time-Dependent Polychrome Stereoscopic Luminescence Triggered by Resonance Energy Transfer between Carbon Dots-in-Zeolite Composites and Fluorescence Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208735. [PMID: 36446033 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence multiplexing shows promising application prospects in information security, yet even outstanding time division multiplexing can only carry limited luminescence information. Time-space division multiplexing can greatly expand the information capacity by simultaneously transferring luminescence information in both time and space dimensions. Herein, time-dependent polychrome stereoscopic luminescence system has been successfully developed by designing a 3D luminescence system based on resonance energy transfer (RET), in which afterglow lifetime easily regulated carbon dots-in-zeolite composites are used as energy donors and multicolor fluorescence quantum dots (QDs) as energy acceptors. Taking perovskite QDs (PeQDs) as example, by matching the energy donors with different afterglow lifetimes and the energy acceptors with different fluorescence colors, tunable afterglow emission of PeQDs with wavelength within 463-614 nm and lifetime within 232-1500 ms can be realized, in which the maximal RET efficiency reaches 95%. As a proof of concept, such novel luminescence system that carries eight layers of luminescence information involving four dimensions (time and 3D space) is successfully applied in advanced time-space division multiplexing. This work opens a new perspective for the application of time-space integrated luminescence systems in advanced information multiplexing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Kaikai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Hongyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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35
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Li T, Li X, Zheng Y, Zhu P, Zhang C, Zhang K, Xu JJ. Phosphorescent Carbon Dots as Long-Lived Donors To Develop an Energy Transfer-Based Sensing Platform. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2445-2451. [PMID: 36652380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Employing long-lived luminescent materials to design a chemical sensing platform can eliminate real-time excitation and background fluorescence. However, the realization of long-lived emissions in aqueous media was limited to transition-metal complexes, doped quantum dots, organic crystals, and inorganic persistent phosphors, which suffer from the drawbacks of large size, expensive elements, and poor dispersibility. In this work, phosphorescent carbon dots (CDs) were covalently immobilized in a silica matrix (CDs@SiO2) to achieve afterglow emission in an aqueous dispersion. CDs@SiO2 with long lifetime (∼1.6 s) was utilized as an energy donor to fabricate nonradiative energy transfer systems with various organic dyes through the surface micelle self-assembly method. Benefiting from the high energy transfer efficiency between CDs@SiO2 and organic dyes, multicolor afterglow emissions were successfully obtained in aqueous media. As a proof of concept, a ratiometric phosphorescent probe using CDs@SiO2 as a donor and Hg2+-responsive rhodamine derivative as an acceptor was designed. Hg2+ triggered the energy transfer process between the donor-acceptor pair, leading to the sensitive detection of Hg2+ ions. The work presented here provides opportunities to develop chemical sensors with low background interferences and easily recognizable signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Pan Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui243032, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu210023, China
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36
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Cheng Q, Chen Z, Hu L, Song Y, Zhu S, Liu R, Zhu H. Spatial effect and resonance energy transfer for the construction of carbon dots composites with long-lived multicolor afterglow for advanced anticounterfeiting. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zhang Y, Li M, Lu S. Rational Design of Covalent Bond Engineered Encapsulation Structure toward Efficient, Long-Lived Multicolored Phosphorescent Carbon Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022:e2206080. [PMID: 36436834 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Multicolored phosphorescent materials based on carbon dots (CDs) constructed using the same or similar precursors with long lifetimes are conducive to their wide range of practical applications due to the developed compatibility. Herein, a universal method is developed to prepare long-lived multicolored phosphorescent CD-based composites for which heavy-metal doping is not required. The multicolored CDs are encapsulated in silica via silane hydrolysis, which forms many covalent SiOC and SiC bonds; hence, the vibrations and rotations of the luminescent centers on the CD surfaces are hindered. The transformation of SiOC to a more rigid SiC moiety occurs during high-temperature calcination. Furthermore, during calcination, the silica collapses, resulting in more tightly encapsulated CDs. The synergistic effect of these two calcination phenomena produces blue, green, yellow, and red phosphorescence, at wavelengths spanning 465 to 680 nm and with lifetimes of up to 2.11 s. Taking advantage of their superior phosphorescence performances, the CD-based composites are successfully applied to 3D multichannel information storage and encryption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Manyu Li
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
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Shi J, Zhou Y, Ning J, Hu G, Zhang Q, Hou Y, Zhou Y. Prepared carbon dots from wheat straw for detection of Cu 2+ in cells and zebrafish and room temperature phosphorescent anti-counterfeiting. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121597. [PMID: 35820342 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from biomass is critical for their sustainable application. Herein, using wheat straw as a single precursor, carbon dots (CDs) were prepared through a one-step carbonization process, and the obtained CDs have intense blue luminescence and excitation-independent photoluminescent behavior. The solution of CDs shows good biocompatibility, and low cytotoxicity successfully used as hopeful bioimaging and biosensing probe for Cu2+ in HepG2 cells and zebrafish. Based on CDs, boron-doped carbon dots with IPA shells (CDs@IPA) can be obtained by doping boron element and isophthalic acid (IPA) coating. CDs@IPA irradiated with different wavelength ultraviolet lamps shows different solid fluorescence, while turning off the ultraviolet lamp can produce green visible room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) to the naked eyes for 5 s. The two kinds of wheat straw-based carbon dots have bifunctional luminescence properties and can be used to detect Cu2+ and serve as RTP anti-counterfeiting signs to ensure information security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Shi
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yunhao Zhou
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Juan Ning
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Guizhen Hu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qingyou Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yabin Hou
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Yanmei Zhou
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
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Wang Q, Pang E, Tan Q, Zhao S, Yi J, Zeng J, Lan M. Regulating photochemical properties of carbon dots for theranostic applications. WIRES NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 15:e1862. [PMID: 36347269 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As a new zero-dimensional carbon-based material, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their advantages such as easy preparation and surface modification, good biocompatibility and water solubility, and tunable photochemical properties. CDs have become one of the most promising nanomaterials in the field of fluorescent sensing, bioimaging, and cancer therapy. How to precisely regulate the photochemical properties, especially the absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, reactive oxygen species generation, and photothermal conversion of the CDs, is the key to developing highly efficient phototheranostics for cancer treatment. Although many studies on cancer therapy using CDs have been published, no review has focused on the regulation of photochemical properties of CDs for phototheranostic applications. In this review, we summarized the strategies such as the selection of suitable carbon source, heteroatomic doping, optimum reaction conditions, surface modification, and assembly strategy to efficiently regulate the photochemical properties of the CDs to meet the requirements of different practical applications. This review might provide some valuable insight and new ideas for the development of CDs with excellent phototheranostic performance. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - E Pang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuxia Tan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Jianing Yi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Gland Surgical, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zeng
- Surgical Department of Breast and Thyroid Gland, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
| | - Minhuan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University Changsha Hunan People's Republic of China
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Chao T, Wang J, Dong X, Ren J, Zhang H, Song R, Xie Z. Defects and Structural Limitation-Induced Carbon Dots-Silica Hybrid Materials with Ultralong Room Temperature Phosphorescence. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9558-9563. [PMID: 36201597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots-based room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have attracted widespread attention owing to their excellent optical properties. However, there still is a challenge to fabricate carbon dots-based materials simultaneously showing long RTP lifetime and high phosphorescent quantum yield. Herein, we have designed a kind of carbon dots-silica hybrid material that can produce RTP emission with ultralong lifetime and also high phosphorescent quantum yield (1.3 s and 11.22%). Both chemical and optical analytical characterizations indicate the source of the outstanding RTP performance as the synergistic strategy of abundant electron traps, highly rigid network, and stable covalent bond. The findings provide a new design idea to achieve novel carbon dots-based RTP materials, showing broad application prospects in optical anticounterfeiting, optoelectronics, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Chao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuezhe Dong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Junkai Ren
- Laboratory of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, CR-INSTM, Via Vienna 2, Sassari, 07100, Italy
| | - Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rui Song
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Dai XY, Huo M, Dong X, Hu YY, Liu Y. Noncovalent Polymerization-Activated Ultrastrong Near-Infrared Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Energy Transfer Assembly in Aqueous Solution. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203534. [PMID: 35771589 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent macrocycle-confined supramolecular purely organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is a current research hotspot. Herein, a high-efficiency noncovalent polymerization-activated near-infrared (NIR)-emissive RTP-harvesting system in aqueous solution based on the stepwise confinement of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) and β-cyclodextrin-grafted hyaluronic acid (HACD), is reported. Compared with the dodecyl-chain-bridged 6-bromoisoquinoline derivative (G), the dumbbell-shaped assembly G⊂CB[7] presents an appeared complexation-induced RTP signal at 540 nm via the first confinement of CB[7]. Subsequently, benefitting from the stepwise confinement encapsulation of the β-cyclodextrin cavity, the subsequent noncovalent polymerization of the binary G⊂CB[7] assembly enabled by HACD can contribute to the further-enhanced RTP emission intensity approximately eight times in addition to an increased lifetime from 59.0 µs to 0.581 ms. Moreover, upon doping a small amount of two types of organic dyes, Nile blue or tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)porphyrin as an acceptor into the supramolecular confinement assembly G⊂CB[7] @ HACD, efficient RTP energy transfer occurs accompanied by a long-lived NIR-emitting performance (680 and 710 nm) with a high donor/acceptor ratio. Intriguingly, the prepared RTP-harvesting system is successfully applied for targeted NIR imaging of living tumor cells by utilizing the targeting ability of hyaluronic acid, which provides a new strategy to create advanced water-soluble NIR phosphorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Yin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Dong
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Yang Hu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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42
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Fukasawa K, Sugawara Y, Tsuru R, Yamashita T, Hirata S. Enhanced Red Persistent Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Induced by Orthogonal Structure Disruption during Electronic Relaxation. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:7788-7796. [PMID: 35973202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bright, persistent, room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) at long wavelengths is crucial for high-resolution imaging in the absence of in vivo autofluorescence. However, efficient long-wavelength RTP is difficult. Here, enhanced red RTP based on a unique mechanism was observed from deuterated dibenzo[g.p]chrysenes substituted with a phenoxazine. The yield was 16%, with an average lifetime of 1.8 s. An orthogonal dihedral angle between the dibenzo[g.p]chrysene and the phenoxazine in the lowest excited singlet state allowed a forbidden fluorescence to increase triplet generation. When the dihedral angle changed, disengagement of the forbidden fluorescence from the excited singlet state occurred, and the lowest triplet excited state had a facilitated phosphorescence rate without increasing its nonradiative transition rate. The facilitated phosphorescence rate as well as the large triplet yield led to the enhanced red RTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Fukasawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Yuma Sugawara
- Department of Engineering Science and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Rana Tsuru
- Department of Engineering Science and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamashita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Shuzo Hirata
- Department of Engineering Science and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Huo M, Dai X, Liu Y. Ultralarge Stokes Shift Phosphorescence Artificial Harvesting Supramolecular System with Near-Infrared Emission. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2201523. [PMID: 35652258 PMCID: PMC9353443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202201523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A two-step sequential phosphorescence harvesting system with ultralarge Stokes shift and near-infrared (NIR) emission at 825 nm is successfully constructed by racemic 1,2-diaminocyclohexan-derived 6-bromoisoquinoline (BQ), cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]), and amphipathic sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4AD) via cascaded assembly strategy in aqueous solution. In virtue of the confinement effect of CB[8] with rigid cavity, BQ can generate an emerging phosphorescent emission at 555 nm. Subsequently, the binary BQ⊂CB[8] further assemblies with SC4AD to form close-packed spherical aggregate, which contributes to the dramatic enhancement of phosphorescence emission intensity ≈30 times with prolonged lifetime from 21.3 µs to 0.364 ms. Notably, the BQ⊂CB[8]@SC4AD assembly can serve as an energy donor to conduct stepwise phosphorescence harvesting process through successive introduction of primary acceptors, cyanine 5 (Cy5) or nile blue (NiB), and secondary acceptor, heptamethine cyanine (IR780). The final aggregate with remarkable ultralarge Stokes shift (≈525 nm) and long-lived NIR photoluminescence (PL) emission at 825 nm is further employed as imaging agent for NIR cell labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Huo
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Yin Dai
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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44
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Liang P, Zheng Y, Zhang X, Wei H, Xu X, Yang X, Lin H, Hu C, Zhang X, Lei B, Wong WY, Liu Y, Zhuang J. Carbon Dots in Hydroxy Fluorides: Achieving Multicolor Long-Wavelength Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and Excellent Stability via Crystal Confinement. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:5127-5136. [PMID: 35700100 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) have aroused widespread interest in the construction of room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials. However, it is a great challenge to obtain simultaneous multicolor long-wavelength RTP emission and excellent stability in CD-based RTP materials. Herein, a novel and universal "CDs-in-YOHF" strategy is proposed to generate multicolor and long-wavelength RTP by confining various CDs in the Y(OH)xF3-x (YOHF) matrix. The mechanism of the triplet emission of CDs is related to the space confinement, the formation of hydrogen bonds and C-F bonds, and the electron-withdrawing fluorine atoms. Remarkably, the RTP lifetime of orange-emissive CDs-o@YOHF is the longest among the reported single-CD-matrix composites for emission above 570 nm. Furthermore, CDs-o@YOHF exhibited higher RTP performance at long wavelength in comparison to CDs-o@matrix (matrix = PVA, PU, urea, silica). The resulting CDs@YOHF shows excellent photostability, thermostability, chemical stability, and temporal stability, which is rather favorable for information security, especially in a complex environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihao Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingcai Zhang
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
- School of Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Haopeng Wei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokai Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfeng Yang
- Analytical and Testing Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihong Lin
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaofan Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingfu Lei
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Yeung Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingliang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianle Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Optical Agriculture, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
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Cao Q, Liu KK, Liang YC, Song SY, Deng Y, Mao X, Wang Y, Zhao WB, Lou Q, Shan CX. Brighten Triplet Excitons of Carbon Nanodots for Multicolor Phosphorescence Films. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:4097-4105. [PMID: 35536674 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Triplet excitons usually do not emit light under ambient conditions due to the spin-forbidden transition rule, thus they are called dark excitons. Herein, triplet excitons in carbon nanodots (CNDs) are brightened by embedding the CNDs into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films; flexible multicolor phosphorescence films are thus demonstrated. PVA chains can isolate the CNDs, and excited state electron or energy transfer induced triplet exciton quenching is thus reduced; while the formed hydrogen bonds between the CNDs and PVA can restrict vibration/rotation of the CNDs, thus further protecting the triplet excitons from nonradiative recombination. The lifetimes of the flexible multicolor phosphorescence films can reach 567, 1387, 726, and 311 ms, and the longest-lasting phosphorescence film can be observed by naked eyes for nearly 15 s even after bending 5000 times. The phosphorescence films can be processed into various patterns, and a dynamic optical signature concept has been proposed and demonstrated based on the phosphorescence films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ya-Chuan Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shi-Yu Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yuan Deng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xin Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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46
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Song SY, Liu KK, Cao Q, Mao X, Zhao WB, Wang Y, Liang YC, Zang JH, Lou Q, Dong L, Shan CX. Ultraviolet phosphorescent carbon nanodots. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:146. [PMID: 35595762 PMCID: PMC9122994 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00837-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescent carbon nanodots (CNDs) have generated enormous interest recently, and the CND phosphorescence is usually located in the visible region, while ultraviolet (UV) phosphorescent CNDs have not been reported thus far. Herein, the UV phosphorescence of CNDs was achieved by decreasing conjugation size and in-situ spatial confinement in a NaCNO crystal. The electron transition from the px to the sp2 orbit of the N atoms within the CNDs can generate one-unit orbital angular momentum, providing a driving force for the triplet excitons population of the CNDs. The confinement caused by the NaCNO crystal reduces the energy dissipation paths of the generated triplet excitons. By further tailoring the size of the CNDs, the phosphorescence wavelength can be tuned to 348 nm, and the room temperature lifetime of the CNDs can reach 15.8 ms. As a demonstration, the UV phosphorescent CNDs were used for inactivating gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria through the emission of their high-energy photons over a long duration, and the resulting antibacterial efficiency reached over 99.9%. This work provides a rational design strategy for UV phosphorescent CNDs and demonstrates their novel antibacterial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Song
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kai-Kai Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Qing Cao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xin Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wen-Bo Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ya-Chuan Liang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jin-Hao Zang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Qing Lou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chong-Xin Shan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Material and Devices, Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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47
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Wang B, Cai H, Waterhouse GIN, Qu X, Yang B, Lu S. Carbon Dots in Bioimaging, Biosensing and Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Review. SMALL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Wang
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | - Huijuan Cai
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
| | | | - Xiaoli Qu
- Erythrocyte Biology Laboratory School of Life Sciences Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China
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48
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Dai X, Hu Y, Sun Y, Huo M, Dong X, Liu Y. A Highly Efficient Phosphorescence/Fluorescence Supramolecular Switch Based on a Bromoisoquinoline Cascaded Assembly in Aqueous Solution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200524. [PMID: 35285166 PMCID: PMC9108601 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite ongoing research into photocontrolled supramolecular switches, reversible photoswitching between room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and delayed fluorescence is rare in the aqueous phase. Herein, an efficient RTP-fluorescence switch based on a cascaded supramolecular assembly is reported, which is constructed using a 6-bromoisoquinoline derivative (G3 ), cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]), sulfonatocalix[4]arene (SC4A4), and a photochromic spiropyran (SP) derivative. Benefiting from the confinement effect of CB[7], initial complexation with CB[7] arouses an emerging RTP signal at 540 nm for G3 . This structure subsequently coassembles with amphiphilic SC4A4 to form tight spherical nanoparticles, thereby further facilitating RTP emission (≈12 times) in addition to a prolonged lifetime (i.e., 1.80 ms c.f., 50.1 µs). Interestingly, following cascaded assembly with a photocontrolled energy acceptor (i.e., SP), the efficient light-driven RTP energy transfer occurs when SP is transformed to its fluorescent merocyanine (MC) state. Ultimately, this endows the final system with an excellent RTP-fluorescence photoswitching property accompanied by multicolor tunable long-lived emission. Moreover, this switching process can be reversibly modulated over multiple cycles under alternating UV and visible photoirradiation. Finally, the prepared switch is successfully applied to photocontrolled multicolor cell labeling to offer a new approach for the design and fabrication of novel advanced light-responsive RTP materials in aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian‐Yin Dai
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Yang Hu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Sun
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Man Huo
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Dong
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071P. R. China
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Cui M, Dai P, Ding J, Li M, Sun R, Jiang X, Wu M, Pang X, Liu M, Zhao Q, Song B, He Y. Millisecond-Range Time-Resolved Bioimaging Enabled through Ultralong Aqueous Phosphorescence Probes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200172. [PMID: 35098631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Probes featuring room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are promising tools for time-resolved imaging. It is worth noting that the time scale of time-resolved bioimaging generally ranges around the microsecond level, because of the short-lived emission. Herein, the first example of millisecond-range time-resolved bioimaging is illustrated, which is enabled through a kind of ultralong aqueous phosphorescence probes (i.e., cyclo-(Arg-Gly-AspD-Tyr-Cys)-conjugated zinc-doped silica nanospheres), with a RTP emission lasting for ≈5 s and a lifetime as long as 743.7 ms. We demonstrate that live cells and deep tumor tissue in mice can be specifically targeted through immune-phosphorescence imaging, with a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR) value of ≈69 for in vitro imaging, and ≈627 for in vivo imaging, respectively. We further show that, compared to that of fluorescence imaging, the SBR enhancement of millisecond-range time-resolved in vivo bioimaging is up to 105 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Cui
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) &, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiali Ding
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Manjing Li
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rong Sun
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Menglin Wu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xueke Pang
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays &, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) &, Institute of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Bin Song
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yao He
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Biomedicine, Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, 215123, China
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50
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Dhamodharan D, Byun HS, Varsha Shree M, Veeman D, Natrayan L, Stalin B. Carbon Nanodots: Synthesis, Mechanisms for Bio-electrical Applications. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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