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Timmer D, Gittinger M, Quenzel T, Stephan S, Zhang Y, Schumacher MF, Lützen A, Silies M, Tretiak S, Zhong JH, De Sio A, Lienau C. Plasmon mediated coherent population oscillations in molecular aggregates. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8035. [PMID: 38052786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The strong coherent coupling of quantum emitters to vacuum fluctuations of the light field offers opportunities for manipulating the optical and transport properties of nanomaterials, with potential applications ranging from ultrasensitive all-optical switching to creating polariton condensates. Often, ubiquitous decoherence processes at ambient conditions limit these couplings to such short time scales that the quantum dynamics of the interacting system remains elusive. Prominent examples are strongly coupled exciton-plasmon systems, which, so far, have mostly been investigated by linear optical spectroscopy. Here, we use ultrafast two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to probe the quantum dynamics of J-aggregate excitons collectively coupled to the spatially structured plasmonic fields of a gold nanoslit array. We observe rich coherent Rabi oscillation dynamics reflecting a plasmon-driven coherent exciton population transfer over mesoscopic distances at room temperature. This opens up new opportunities to manipulate the coherent transport of matter excitations by coupling to vacuum fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Timmer
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Gittinger
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Quenzel
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Sven Stephan
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
- Institute for Lasers and Optics, University of Applied Sciences, Emden, Germany
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Marvin F Schumacher
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Silies
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
- Institute for Lasers and Optics, University of Applied Sciences, Emden, Germany
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Jin-Hui Zhong
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong, China
| | - Antonietta De Sio
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
- Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CeNaD), Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lienau
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CeNaD), Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.
- Forschungszentrum Neurosensorik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany.
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2
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Mondal ME, Koessler ER, Provazza J, Vamivakas AN, Cundiff ST, Krauss TD, Huo P. Quantum dynamics simulations of the 2D spectroscopy for exciton polaritons. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:094102. [PMID: 37655761 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We develop an accurate and numerically efficient non-adiabatic path-integral approach to simulate the non-linear spectroscopy of exciton-polariton systems. This approach is based on the partial linearized density matrix approach to model the exciton dynamics with explicit propagation of the phonon bath environment, combined with a stochastic Lindblad dynamics approach to model the cavity loss dynamics. Through simulating both linear and polariton two-dimensional electronic spectra, we systematically investigate how light-matter coupling strength and cavity loss rate influence the optical response signal. Our results confirm the polaron decoupling effect, which is the reduced exciton-phonon coupling among polariton states due to the strong light-matter interactions. We further demonstrate that the polariton coherence time can be significantly prolonged compared to the electronic coherence outside the cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elious Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Eric R Koessler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Justin Provazza
- Quantum Simulation Technologies, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02135, USA
| | - A Nickolas Vamivakas
- The Institute of Optics, Hajim School of Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Steven T Cundiff
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Todd D Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- The Institute of Optics, Hajim School of Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
- The Institute of Optics, Hajim School of Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
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3
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Timmer D, Zheng F, Gittinger M, Quenzel T, Lünemann DC, Winte K, Zhang Y, Madjet ME, Zablocki J, Lützen A, Zhong JH, De Sio A, Frauenheim T, Tretiak S, Lienau C. Charge Delocalization and Vibronic Couplings in Quadrupolar Squaraine Dyes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19150-19162. [PMID: 36206456 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Squaraines are prototypical quadrupolar charge-transfer chromophores that have recently attracted much attention as building blocks for solution-processed photovoltaics, fluorescent probes with large two-photon absorption cross sections, and aggregates with large circular dichroism. Their optical properties are often rationalized in terms of phenomenological essential state models, considering the coupling of two zwitterionic excited states to a neutral ground state. As a result, optical transitions to the lowest S1 excited state are one-photon allowed, whereas the next higher S2 state can only be accessed by two-photon transitions. A further implication of these models is a substantial reduction of vibronic coupling to the ubiquitous high-frequency vinyl-stretching modes of organic materials. Here, we combine time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy, two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical simulations to test and rationalize these predictions for nonaggregated molecules. We find small Huang-Rhys factors below 0.01 for the high-frequency, 1500 cm-1 modes in particular, as well as a noticeable reduction for those of lower frequency modes in general for the electronic S0 → S1 transition. The two-photon allowed state S2 is well separated energetically from S1 and has weak vibronic signatures as well. Thus, the resulting pronounced concentration of the oscillator strength in a narrow region relevant to the lowest electronic transition makes squaraines and their aggregates exceptionally interesting for strong and ultrastrong coupling of excitons to localized light modes in external resonators with chiral properties that can largely be controlled by the molecular architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Timmer
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Fulu Zheng
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen28359, Germany
| | - Moritz Gittinger
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Thomas Quenzel
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Daniel C Lünemann
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Katrin Winte
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Yu Zhang
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico87545, United States
| | - Mohamed E Madjet
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen28359, Germany
| | - Jennifer Zablocki
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn53121, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn53121, Germany
| | - Jin-Hui Zhong
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong518055, China
| | - Antonietta De Sio
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany.,Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CeNaD), Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
| | - Thomas Frauenheim
- Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Bremen, Bremen28359, Germany.,Beijing Computational Science Research Center (CSRC), Beijing100193, China.,Shenzhen Computational Science and Applied Research (CSAR) Institute, Shenzhen518110, China
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division and Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico87545, United States
| | - Christoph Lienau
- Institut für Physik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany.,Center for Nanoscale Dynamics (CeNaD), Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany.,Forschungszentrum Neurosensorik, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg26129, Germany
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