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Wen Z, Tang Z, Liu Y, Zhuang L, Yu H, Chu Y. Ultrastrong and High Thermal Insulating Porous High-Entropy Ceramics up to 2000 °C. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311870. [PMID: 38166175 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
High mechanical load-carrying capability and thermal insulating performance are crucial to thermal-insulation materials under extreme conditions. However, these features are often difficult to achieve simultaneously in conventional porous ceramics. Here, for the first time, it is reported a multiscale structure design and fast fabrication of 9-cation porous high-entropy diboride ceramics via an ultrafast high-temperature synthesis technique that can lead to exceptional mechanical load-bearing capability and high thermal insulation performance. With the construction of multiscale structures involving ultrafine pores at the microscale, high-quality interfaces between building blocks at the nanoscale, and severe lattice distortion at the atomic scale, the materials with an ≈50% porosity exhibit an ultrahigh compressive strength of up to ≈337 MPa at room temperature and a thermal conductivity as low as ≈0.76 W m-1 K-1. More importantly, they demonstrate exceptional thermal stability, with merely ≈2.4% volume shrinkage after 2000 °C annealing. They also show an ultrahigh compressive strength of ≈690 MPa up to 2000 °C, displaying a ductile compressive behavior. The excellent mechanical and thermal insulating properties offer an attractive material for reliable thermal insulation under extreme conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Zhongyu Tang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Lei Zhuang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Hulei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Yanhui Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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Zhang X, Yu J, Zhao C, Si Y. Elastic SiC Aerogel for Thermal Insulation: A Systematic Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2311464. [PMID: 38511588 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
SiC aerogels with their lightweight nature and exceptional thermal insulation properties have emerged as the most ideal materials for thermal protection in hypersonic vehicles; However, conventional SiC aerogels are prone to brittleness and mechanical degradation when exposed to complex loads such as shock and mechanical vibration. Hence, preserving the structural integrity of aerogels under the combined influence of thermal and mechanical external forces is crucial not only for stabling their thermal insulation performance but also for determining their practicality in harsh environments. This review focuses on the optimization of design based on the structure-performance of SiC aerogels, providing a comprehensive review of the inherent correlations among structural stability, mechanical properties, and insulation performance. First, the thermal transfer mechanism of aerogels from a microstructural perspective is studied, followed by the relationship between the building blocks of SiC aerogels (0D particles, 1D nanowires/nanofibers) and their compression performance (including compressive resilience, compressive strength, and fatigue resistance). Moreover, the strategy to improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance and insulation performance of SiC aerogels is explored. Lastly, the challenges and future breakthrough directions for SiC aerogels are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jianyong Yu
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Cunyi Zhao
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
| | - Yang Si
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 200051, China
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Cheng W, Jiao W, Fei Y, Yang Z, Zhang X, Wu F, Liu Y, Yin X, Ding B. Direct synthesis of ultralight, elastic, high-temperature insulation N-doped TiO 2 ceramic nanofibrous sponges via conjugate electrospinning. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1135-1146. [PMID: 37999715 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04987f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The design of three-dimensional ceramic nanofibrous materials with high-temperature insulation and flame-retardant characteristics is of significant interest due to the effectively improved mechanical properties. However, achieving a pure ceramic monolith with ultra-low density, high elasticity and toughness remains a great challenge. Herein, a low-cost, scalable strategy to fabricate ultralight and mechanically robust N-doped TiO2 ceramic nanofibrous sponges with a continuous stratified structure by conjugate electrospinning is reported. Remarkably, the introduction of dopamine into the precursor nanofibers is engineered, which realizes the nitrogen doping to inhibit the TiO2 grain growth, endowing single nanofibers with a smoother, less defective surface. Besides, the self-polymerization process of dopamine allows the construction of bonding points between nanofibers and optimizes the distribution of inorganic micelles on polymer templates. Moreover, a rotating disk receiving device under different rotating speeds is designed to obtain N-doped TiO2 sponges with various interlamellar spacings, further affecting the maximum compressive deformation capacity. The resulting ceramic sponges, consisting of fluffy crosslinked nanofiber layers, possess low densities of 12-45 mg cm-3, which can quickly recover under a large strain of 80% and have only 9.2% plastic deformation after 100 compression cycles. In addition, the sponge also exhibits a temperature-invariant superelasticity at 25-800 °C and a low heat conductivity of 0.0285 W m-1 K-1, with an outstanding thermal insulation property, making it an ideal insulation material for high-temperature or harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Wenling Jiao
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yifan Fei
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Zaihui Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Fan Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yitao Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Xia Yin
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Bin Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Textiles and Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Zhuang L, Lu D, Zhang J, Guo P, Su L, Qin Y, Zhang P, Xu L, Niu M, Peng K, Wang H. Highly cross-linked carbon tube aerogels with enhanced elasticity and fatigue resistance. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3178. [PMID: 37264018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38664-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon aerogels are elastic, mechanically robust and fatigue resistant and are known for their promising applications in the fields of soft robotics, pressure sensors etc. However, these aerogels are generally fragile and/or easily deformable, which limits their applications. Here, we report a synthesis strategy for fabricating highly compressible and fatigue-resistant aerogels by assembling interconnected carbon tubes. The carbon tube aerogels demonstrate near-zero Poisson's ratio, exhibit a maximum strength over 20 MPa and a completely recoverable strain up to 99%. They show high fatigue resistance (less than 1.5% permanent degradation after 1000 cycles at 99% strain) and are thermally stable up to 2500 °C in an Ar atmosphere. Additionally, they possess tunable conductivity and electromagnetic shielding. The combined mechanical and multi-functional properties offer an attractive material for the use in harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - De Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Jijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuanbin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Niu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, Xi'an, China.
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