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Mondal S, Chauhan D, Guizouarn T, Pointillart F, Rajaraman G, Steiner A, Baskar V. Self-Assembled Lanthanide Phosphinate Square Grids (Ln = Er, Dy, and Tb): Dy 4 Shows SMM/SMT and Tb 4 SMT Behavior. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39264390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Tetranuclear [2 × 2] square-grid-like LnIII clusters have been synthesized by reacting LnCl3·6H2O salts with bis[α-hydroxy(p-bromophenyl)methyl]phosphinic acid [R2PO2H, where R = CH(OH)PhBr] and pivalic acid. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies show the formation of [Me4N]2[Ln4(μ2-η1:η1-PO2R2)8(η2-CO2But)4(μ4-CO3)] [Ln = Er (1), Dy (2), and Tb (3)]. Direct-current studies reveal significant ferromagnetic interactions between DyIII in 2 and TbIII in 3 and an antiferromagnetic interaction between ErIII in 1. Dynamic magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm a single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior in both 0 and 1200 Oe applied magnetic fields for 2. Complexes 2 and 3 show single molecular toroic (SMT) behavior with a mixed magnetic moment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Mondal
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Deepanshu Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Thierry Guizouarn
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Universite de Rennes 1, UMR 6226, CNRS 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Fabrice Pointillart
- Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, Universite de Rennes 1, UMR 6226, CNRS 263, Avenue du Général Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD U.K
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2
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Gharu A, Vignesh KR. Theoretical exploration of single-molecule magnetic and single-molecule toroic behaviors in peroxide-bridged double-triangular {MII3LnIII3} (M = Ni, Cu and Zn; Ln = Gd, Tb and Dy) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39087311 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01800a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Detailed state-of-the-art ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been undertaken to understand both Single-Molecule Magnetic (SMM) and Single-Molecule Toroic (SMT) behaviors of fascinating 3d-4f {M3Ln3} triangular complexes having the molecular formula [MII3LnIII3(O2)L3(PyCO2)3](OH)2(ClO4)2·8H2O (with M = Zn; Ln = Dy (1), Tb (2) & Gd (3) and M = Cu; Ln = Dy (4), Tb (5) & Gd (6)) and [Ni3Ln3(H2O)3(mpko)9(O2)(NO3)3](ClO4)·3CH3OH·3CH3CN (Ln = Dy (7), Tb (8), and Gd (9)) [mpkoH = 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)ethanone oxime]. All these complexes possess a peroxide ligand that bridges the {LnIII3} triangle in a μ3-η3:η3 fashion and the oxygen atoms/oxime of co-ligands that connect each MII ion to the {LnIII3} triangle. Through our computational studies, we tried to find the key role of the peroxide bridge and how it affects the SMM and SMT behavior of these complexes. Primarily, ab initio Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) SINGLE_ANISO + RASSI-SO + POLY_ANISO calculations were performed on 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 to study the anisotropic behavior of each Ln(III) ion, to derive the magnetic relaxation mechanism and to calculate the LnIII-LnIII and CuII/NiII-LnIII magnetic coupling constants. DFT calculations were also performed to validate these exchange interactions (J) by computing the GdIII-GdIII and CuII/NiII-GdIII interactions in 3, 6, and 9. Our calculations explained the experimental magnetic relaxation processes and the magnetic exchange interactions for all the complexes, which also strongly imply that the peroxide bridge plays a role in the SMM behavior observed in these systems. On the other hand, this peroxide bridge does not support the SMT behavior. To investigate the effect of bridging ions in {M3Ln3} systems, we modeled a {ZnII3DyIII3} complex (1a) with a hydroxide ion replacing the bridged peroxide ion in complex 1 and considered a hydroxide-bridged {CoIII3DyIII3} complex (10) having the formula [Co3Dy3(OH)4(OOCCMe3)6(teaH)3(H2O)3](NO3)2·H2O. We discovered that as compared to the LoProp charges of the peroxide ion, the greater negative charges on the bridging hydroxide ion reduce quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM) effects, enabling more desirable SMM characteristics and also leading to good SMT behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Gharu
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-140306, Punjab, India.
| | - Kuduva R Vignesh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, IISER Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-140306, Punjab, India.
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3
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Bajaj N, Kitos AA, Mavragani N, Loutsch NR, Vlaisavljevich B, Murugesu M. Formation of a Decanuclear Organometallic Dysprosium Complex via a Radical-Radical Cross-Coupling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202411635. [PMID: 38963679 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202411635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, polynuclear cyclic or torus complexes have attracted increasing interest due to their unique metal topologies and properties. However, the isolation of polynuclear cyclic organometallic complexes is extremely challenging due to their inherent reactivity, which stems from the labile and reactive metal-carbon bonds. In this study, the pyrazine ligand undergoes a radical-radical cross-coupling reaction leading to the formation of a decanuclear [(Cp*)20Dy10(L1)10] ⋅ 12(C7H8) (1; where L1 = anion of 2-prop-2-enyl-2H-pyrazine; Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complex, where all DyIII metal centres are bridged by the anionic L1 ligand. Amongst the family of polynuclear Ln organometallic complexes bearing CpR 2Lnx units (CpR = substituted cyclopentadienyl), 1 features the highest nuclearity obtained to date. In-depth computational studies were conducted to elucidate the proposed reaction mechanism and formation of L1, while probing of the magnetic properties of 1, revealed slow magnetic relaxation upon application of a static dc field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bajaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Alexandros A Kitos
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Niki Mavragani
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Nathan R Loutsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, 414 E Clark St, Vermillion, South Dakota, 57069, United States
| | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, 414 E Clark St, Vermillion, South Dakota, 57069, United States
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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4
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Vipanchi, Vignesh KR, Armenis AS, Alexandropoulos DI, Stamatatos TC. Elevating the Performance of Heterometallic 3d/4f SMMs: The Role of Diamagnetic Co III and Zn II Ions in Magnetization Dynamics. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400385. [PMID: 38890803 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in the synthesis of 3d/4f Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs) have revealed the effective role of incorporating diamagnetic CoIII or ZnII ions to enhance the magnetic properties of LnIII ions. This concept highlights notable examples of CoIII/LnIII and ZnII/LnIII SMMs documented in the recent literature, illustrating how the selection of various peripheral and/or bridging ligands can modulate the magnetic anisotropy of 4f metal ions, thereby increasing their energy barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipanchi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Kuduva R Vignesh
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Sector-81, Knowledge city, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
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5
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Wang H, Zhu Z, La Droitte L, Liao W, Cador O, Le Guennic B, Tang J. Toroidal moment and dynamical control in luminescent 1D and 3D terbium calixarene compounds. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7208-7214. [PMID: 37416717 PMCID: PMC10321477 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A toroidal moment can be generated spontaneously in inorganic (atom-based) ferrotoroidic materials that breaks both time-reversal and space-inversion symmetries, attracting great attention in solid-state chemistry and physics. In the field of molecular magnetism, it can also be achieved in lanthanide (Ln) involved metal-organic complexes usually with a wheel-shaped topological structure. Such complexes are called single-molecule toroics (SMTs), presenting unique advantages in spin chirality qubits and magnetoelectric coupling. However, to date, the synthetic strategies of SMTs have remained elusive, and the covalently bonded three-dimensional (3D) extended SMT has not hitherto been synthesized. Here, two luminescent Tb(iii)-calixarene aggregates with architectures of 1D chain (1) and 3D network (2) both containing the square Tb4 unit have been prepared. Their SMT characteristics deriving from the toroidal arrangement of the local magnetic anisotropy axes of Tb(iii) ions in the Tb4 unit have been investigated experimentally with the support of ab initio calculations. To the best of our knowledge, 2 is the first covalently bonded 3D SMT polymer. Remarkably, solvato-switching of SMT behavior has also been achieved for the first time by desolvation and solvation processes of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Léo La Droitte
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 Rennes F-35000 France
| | - Wuping Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences Ganzhou 341000 China
| | - Olivier Cador
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 Rennes F-35000 France
| | - Boris Le Guennic
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes) - UMR 6226 Rennes F-35000 France
| | - Jinkui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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6
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Swain A, Sharma T, Rajaraman G. Strategies to quench quantum tunneling of magnetization in lanthanide single molecule magnets. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3206-3228. [PMID: 36789911 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing blocking temperature (TB) is one of the holy grails in Single Molecule Magnets(SMMs), as any future potential application in this class of molecules is directly correlated to this parameter. Among many factors contributing to a reduction of TB value, Quantum Tunnelling of Magnetisation (QTM), a phenomenon that is a curse or a blessing based on the application sought after, tops the list. Theoretical tools based on density functional and ab initio CASSCF/RASSI-SO methods have played a prominent role in estimating various spin Hamiltonian parameters and establishing the mechanism of magnetization relaxation in this class of molecules. Particularly, various strategies to quench QTM effects go hand-in-hand with experiments, and different methods proposed to quell QTM effects are scattered in the literature. In this perspective, we have explored various approaches that are proposed in the literature to quench QTM effects, and these include the role of (i) local symmetry of lanthanides, (ii) super-exchange interaction in {3d-4f} complexes, (iii) direct-exchange interaction in {radical-4f} and metal-metal bonded complexes to suppress the QTM, (iv) utilizing external stimuli such as an electric field or pressure to modulate the QTM and (v) avoiding QTM effects by stabilising toroidal states in 4f and {3d-4f} clusters. We believe the strategies summarized here will help to design new-generation SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
| | - Tanu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400076, India.
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Kumar P, Swain A, Acharya J, Li Y, Kumar V, Rajaraman G, Colacio E, Chandrasekhar V. Synthesis, Structure, and Zero-Field SMM Behavior of Homometallic Dy2, Dy4, and Dy6 Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11600-11621. [PMID: 35849822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of three DyIII complexes of different nuclearity, [Dy2(H2L)2(NO3)] [NO3]·2H2O·CH3OH (1), [Dy4(HL)2(piv)4(OH)2] (2), and [Dy6(H2L)3(μ3-OH)(μ3-CO3)3(CH3OH)4(H2O)8] 5Cl·3H2O (3) [(H4L) = 6-((bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-N'-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide)], are described. This variety of complexes with the same ligand could be obtained by playing with the metal-to-ligand molar ratio, the type of DyIII salt, the kind of base, and the presence/absence of coligand. 1 is a dinuclear complex, while 2 is a tetranuclear assembly with a butterfly-shaped topology. 3 is a homometallic hexanuclear complex that exhibits a propeller-shaped topology. Interestingly, in this complex 3, three atmospheric carbon dioxide molecules are trapped in the form of carbonate ions, which assist in holding the hexanuclear complex together. All of the complexes reveal a slow relaxation of magnetization even in zero applied field. Complex 1 is a zero-field SMM with an effective energy barrier (Ueff) of magnetization reversal equal to 87(1) K and a relaxation time of τ0 = 6.4(3) × 10-9 s. Under an applied magnetic field of 0.1 T, these parameters change to Ueff = 101(3) K, τ0 = 2.5(1) × 10-9 s. Complex 2 shows zero-field SMM behavior with Ueff = 31(2) K, τ0 = 4.2(1) × 10-7 s or τ01 = 2(1) × 10-7 s, Ueff1 = 37(8) K, τ02 = 5(6) × 10-5 s, and Ueff2 = 8(4) by considering two Orbach relaxation processes, while 3, also a zero-field SMM, shows a double relaxation of magnetization [Ueff1 = 62.4(3) K, τ01 = 4.6(3) × 10-8 s, and Ueff1 = 2(1) K, τ02 = 4.6(2) × 10-5 s]. The ab initio calculations indicated that in these complexes, the Kramer's ground doublet is characterized by an axial g-tensor with the prevalence of the mJ = ±15/2 component, as well as that due to the weak magnetic coupling between the metal centers, the magnetic relaxation, which is dominated by the single DyIII centers rather than by the exchange-coupled states, takes place via Raman/Orbach or TA-QTM. Moreover, theoretical calculations support a toroidal magnetic state for complex 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Abinash Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Joydev Acharya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Yanling Li
- Sorbonne Universit Institut Parisien de Chimie Molculaire, CNRS UMR 8232, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 5, France
| | - Vierandra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Gopalan Rajaraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Enrique Colacio
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.,Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad 500 107, India
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8
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Wang W, Shang T, Wang J, Yao BL, Li LC, Ma Y, Wang QL, Zhang YZ, Zhang YQ, Zhao B. Slow magnetic relaxation in a Dy 3 triangle and a bistriangular Dy 6 cluster. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:9404-9411. [PMID: 35674238 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03414f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two lanthanide single-molecule magnets (SMMs) [Dy3(μ3-OH)(HL-1)3(H2O)3](NO3)2·3H3O (1, H3L-1 = (E)-3-(((8-hydroxyquinolin-2-yl)methylene)amino)propane-1,2-diol) and [Dy6(μ3-OH)4(H2L-2)4(HL-2)2(L-2)2] (2, H3L-2 = (E)-2-hydroxy-N'-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide) were synthesized and characterized structurally and magnetically. Complex 1 contains a triangular Dy3 core in which the three Dy3+ ions share a μ3-OH- anion and the deprotonated ligands of (HL-1)2- serve both capping and bridging functions, while 2 displays a centrosymmetric hexanuclear DyIII structure with two similar Dy3 triangular cores ligated by two fully deprotonated (L-2)3- ligands, each of which shares two μ3-OH- anions. All the DyIII ions are eight-coordinated with quasi D2d or C2v symmetry. Magnetic studies reveal that 1 exhibited two-step magnetic relaxation under an applied dc field of 800 Oe, with effective energy barriers of 40.1 and 31.0 K for the slow relaxation (SR) and fast relaxation regimes (FR), respectively. Meanwhile, 2 only showed a tail of slow magnetic relaxation at above 2 K. Ab initio calculations have been carried out to show the nature of their different magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Tao Shang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Bin-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Li-Cun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Qing-Lun Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yuan-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China.
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE) and TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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